DS1302基本读写.doc

DS1302是DALLAS公司的一个时钟芯片，能设置秒、分钟、小时、月、星期、年，且年可以设置到2100年。有时钟/日历寄存器还有31*8位的额外数据暂存寄存器（RAM），可以存储对时间的修正参数或者初始化的标志（前提是DS1302要外接备用电源），如果主机掉电后重新上电时读取RAM中的初始化标志为1的话就不对DS1302初始化了。说到备用电源，可以用3.3v的锂电池或者电源掉电时间短的话（几小时或一天）则可以使用大电容（0.1F以上）供电，只是貌似电容体积太大。DS1302是通过三根线控制读写数据的，RST/SCL/IO.RST：复位线，所有数据的读写，都需要保持RST为1，为0时就会终止当前的数据操作。SCL：时钟线，提供数据操作的同步时钟。 写入数据时，写入数据在SCL=0时可以改变而在SCL=1时要保持不变，即数据会在SCL的上升沿写入到DS1302。数据传输是低位在前，高位在后。 读取数据时，在SCL=1变为SCL=0之后就可以读取数据（注：在写完寄存器后的一个下降沿就可以读取数据），即数据会在SCL的下降沿出现到IO数据线上。同样数据也是低位在前高位在后。IO：数据线，要发送的八位数据，要从最低位一次移到IO数据线上。时钟/日历寄存器：秒 : 1000.R/W是寄存器地址和读写控制位，R/W为1为读，为0为写。后面是寄存器里的读写数据，均是以二进制的BCD码存在的。BCD码，0-9对应0000-1001，十位对应10sec，如59对应数据为，CH1011001。下面几个寄存器数据格式亦是如此。CH=1，代表晶振停振，CH=0，代表晶振起振，时钟要工作的话都需要起振的。分 : 小时 : bit7控制是1为12小时制，为0是24小时制，bit5为1则选择12小时下的PM，为0则是选择24小时的20-23小时段。日 : 月 : 星期 : 年 : CONTROL : WP写保护位，写入时要置WP=0还有涓流充电器寄存器，控制锂电池的充电电流。DS1302的突发模式是连续读写寄存器，时钟/日历的7个寄存器是必须一下读完的，而其他的寄存器没必要一下读完。读写时序，贴张图，详见DS1302的资料手册。突发模式的读写没写，连续读写和普通读写就是控制指令的bit5-bit1全为1，bit6控制连续读写时钟/日历或RAM。控制器:stc89c528位8段共阴数码管，78LS138控制位，74HC573控制数码管的各段，贴上电路图。下面贴上DS1302的普通读写程序：/* Name: DS1302*Date: 2014/12/25* Com: FairSun* LOL*/#include #include /使用_nop_();sbit SCL = P16;sbit IO = P35;sbit RST = P17;#define H12_24 0x80/0b1000 0000 bit7为1是12小时#define AM_PM 0x20 /在12小时模式下，bit5为1则选中了PM，在24小时模式下，为1则选中了20-24小时段#define CH 0x00 /sec设置的最高位，为0则晶振起振，为1则晶振不起振const unsigned char smg_dp_yin 16 = 0xbf, 0x86, 0xdb, 0xcf, 0xe6, 0xed, 0xfd, 0x87, 0xff, 0xef,0xf7, 0xfc, 0xb9, 0xde, 0xfb, 0xf1;/0. 1. 2. 3.f./共阴极，显示小数点/不显示小数点: smg_dp_yinx | 0x80/共阳极显示小数点： smg_dp_yinx /共阳极不显示小数点： (smg_dp_yinx | 0x80)const unsigned char smg_8_pos 8 = 0xf8, 0xf9, 0xfa, 0xfb, 0xfc, 0xfd, 0xfe, 0xff ; /对应P20,P21,P22,高位都为1，则与的时候P2的其他位不变const unsigned char smg_sum = 8; /8位数码管unsigned char smg_8_data 8 = 0 ;struct HMSunsigned char hour;unsigned char min;unsigned char sec;struct MDunsigned char month;unsigned char date; /一月的几日;struct YDunsigned char year;unsigned char day; /星期几 ;struct ALLDATEstruct YD yd;struct MD md;struct HMS hms; void per_init( void );void delay_xms( unsigned int );/void Timer0_init( void );/void Timer0_server( void );void ds1302_delay( void );void Display_Time( struct ALLDATE allDate );unsigned char DecToBCD(unsigned char mData);unsigned char BCDToDec(unsigned char mData);struct ALLDATE convertToSetTime(struct ALLDATE allDate);struct ALLDATE convertToDisplayTime(struct ALLDATE allDate);void ds1302_setTime(struct ALLDATE allDate);struct ALLDATE ds1302_readTime( void );void ds1302_writeByte(unsigned char mCommand, unsigned char mData);unsigned char ds1302_readByte(unsigned char mCommand);void main(void)struct ALLDATE allDate = 99, 4, 12, 14, 23, 59, 55 ; /设置时间：2099-12-14 星期4 23:59:55per_init();ds1302_setTime(allDate);while( 1 )allDate = ds1302_readTime();Display_Time(allDate);/*函数名：void delay_xms( unsigned int x )* 功能：延时xms* 参数: 无*/void delay_xms( unsigned int x )unsigned char j = 0;while( x- )while( (j+) 100 );j = 0;/*函数名：void Per_init( void )* 功能：各个外设初始配置* 参数: 无*/void per_init( void )P0 = 0xff;P1 = 0xff;P2 = 0xff;P3 = 0xff;/*函数名：void Timer0_init( void )* 功能：定时器0初始配置* 参数: 无*/*void Timer0_init( void )TMOD |= 0x01; /设置定时器0的模式为16位TH0 = ( 65536-46000 ) / 256;TL0 = (65536-46000) % 256;if( EA != 1 )EA = 1;ET0 = 1; /打开定时器0的中断TR0 = 0; /定时器0暂停 */*函数名：定时器0的中断服务函数* 功能：装初值* 参数: 无*/*void Timer0_server( void ) interrupt 1 TH0 = (65536-46000) / 256;TL0 = (65536-46000) % 256; */*函数名：void Display_Time(void)* 功能：显示时间* 参数: 无*/void Display_Time(struct ALLDATE allDate) /显示分钟unsigned char pos;unsigned char *pallDate = (unsigned char *)&allDate;for(pos = 0; pos 1) / 10 % 10;smg_8_datapos+1 = *(pallDate+(pos1)%10;/*smg_8_data0 = allDate.yd.year / 10 % 10;smg_8_data1 = allDate.yd.year%10;smg_8_data2 = allDate.hms.hour / 10 % 10;smg_8_data3 = allDate.hms.hour%10;smg_8_data4 = allDate.hms.min / 10 % 10;smg_8_data5 = allDate.hms.min%10;smg_8_data6 = allDate.hms.sec / 10 % 10;smg_8_data7 = allDate.hms.sec%10; */for( pos = 0; pos smg_sum; pos+ )P2 &= 0xf8;P2 |= smg_8_pospos;P0 = smg_dp_yinsmg_8_datapos&0x7f;delay_xms(1);void ds1302_delay( void )int i;for(i = 0; i = 10)mData -= 10;BCD +;BCD 1; /先左移1代表*2Dec += mData3; /再左移3代表*8，所以总的相当于乘以10return Dec;/*struct ALLDATE convertToSetTime(struct ALLDATE allDate)struct ALLDATE mAllDate;mAllDate.yd.year = (allDate.yd.year/10)4) + (allDate.yd.year%10);mAllDate.yd.day = allDate.yd.day;mAllDate.md.month = (allDate.md.month/10)4) + (allDate.md.month%10);mAllDate.md.date = (allDate.md.date/10)4) + (allDate.md.date%10);mAllDate.hms.hour = H12_24 + AM_PM + (allDate.hms.hour/10)4) + (allDate.hms.hour%10);mAllDate.hms.min = (allDate.hms.min/10)4) + (allDate.hms.min%10);mAllDate.hms.sec = CH + (allDate.hms.sec/10)4)*10 + (allDate.yd.year%10);mAllDate.yd.day = allDate.yd.day;mAllDate.md.month = (allDate.md.month/10)4) + (allDate.md.month%10);mAllDate.md.date = (allDate.md.date/10)4) + (allDate.md.date%10);mAllDate.hms.hour = H12_24 + AM_PM + (allDate.hms.hour/10)4) + (allDate.hms.hour%10);mAllDate.hms.min = (allDate.hms.min/10)4) + (allDate.hms.min%10);mAllDate.hms.sec = CH + (allDate.hms.sec/10)4) + (allDate.hms.sec%10);return mAllDate; */*函数名：struct ALLDATE convertToSetTime(struct ALLDATE allDate)* 功能：将设置的时间转为BCD码* 参数: struct ALLDATE allDate*/struct ALLDATE convertToSetTime(struct ALLDATE allDate)unsigned char loop;struct ALLDATE mAllDate;unsigned char *pallDate = (unsigned char *)&allDate;unsigned char *pmAllDate = (unsigned char *)&mAllDate;for(loop = 0; loop = 7; loop+)*(pmAllDate+loop) = DecToBCD(*(pallDate+loop);/*mAllDate.yd.year = DecToBCD(allDate.yd.year);mAllDate.yd.day = DecToBCD(allDate.yd.day);mAllDate.md.month = DecToBCD(allDate.md.month);/(allDate.md.month/10)4) + (allDate.md.month%10);mAllDate.md.date = DecToBCD(allDate.md.date);/(allDate.md.date/10)4) + (allDate.md.date%10);mAllDate.hms.hour = DecToBCD(allDate.hms.hour);/H12_24 + AM_PM + H12_24 + AM_PM + (allDate.hms.hour/10)4) + (allDate.hms.hour%10);mAllDate.hms.min = DecToBCD(allDate.hms.min);/(allDate.hms.min/10)4) + (allDate.hms.min%10);mAllDate.hms.sec = CH + DecToBCD(allDate.hms.sec);/CH + (allDate.hms.sec/10)4) + (allDate.hms.sec%10); */return mAllDate; /*函数名：struct ALLDATE convertToDisplayTime(struct ALLDATE allDate)* 功能：将读取的BCD码转为10进制要显示的数据* 参数: struct ALLDATE allDate*/struct ALLDATE convertToDisplayTime(struct ALLDATE allDate)unsigned char loop;struct ALLDATE mAllDate;unsigned char *pallDate = (unsigned char *)&allDate;unsigned char *pmAllDate = (unsigned char *)&mAllDate;for(loop = 0; loop 4)*10) + BCDToDec(allDate.yd.year); /(allDate.yd.year&0x80)4)*10) + mAllDate.yd.day = BCDToDec(allDate.yd.day);mAllDate.md.month = BCDToDec(allDate.md.month);/(allDate.md.month/10)4) + (allDate.md.month%10);mAllDate.md.date = BCDToDec(allDate.md.date);/(allDate.md.date/10)4) + (allDate.md.date%10);mAllDate.hms.hour = BCDToDec(allDate.hms.hour);/0x1f& H12_24 + AM_PM + (allDate.hms.hour/10)4) + (allDate.hms.hour%10);mAllDate.hms.min = BCDToDec(allDate.hms.min);/(allDate.hms.min/10)4) + (allDate.hms.min%10);mAllDate.hms.sec = BCDToDec(allDate.hms.sec);/CH + (allDate.hms.sec/10)4) + (allDate.hms.sec%10); */return mAllDate;/*函数名：void ds1302_setTime(struct ALLDATE allDate)* 功能：把时间写入到DS1302* 参数: struct ALLDATE allDate*/void ds1302_setTime(struct ALLDATE allDate)unsigned char loop;unsigned char *pallDate = (unsigned char *)&allDate;allDate = convertToSetTime(allDate);ds1302_writeByte(0x8e, 0x00); /control为的最高位wpfor(loop = 0; loop = 6; loop+)ds1302_writeByte(0x8c-(loop1), *(pallDate+loop); /sec /*ds1302_writeByte(0x8e, 0x00); /control为的最高位wpds1302_writeByte(0x8c, allDate.yd.year); /yeards1302_writeByte(0x8a, allDate.yd.day); /dayds1302_writeByte(0x88, allDate.md.month); /monthds1302_writeByte(0x86, allDate.md.date); /dateds1302_writeByte(0x84, allDate.hms.hour); /hourds1302_writeByte(0x82, allDate.hms.min); /minds1302_writeByte(0x80, allDate.hms.sec); /sec */*函数名：struct ALLDATE ds1302_readTime( void )* 功能：从DS1302读取时间信息* 参数: struct ALLDATE allDate*/struct ALLDATE ds1302_readTime( void )unsigned char loop;struct ALLDATE allDate;unsigned char *pallDate = (unsigned char *)&allDate;for(loop = 0; loop = 6; loop+)*(pallDate+loop) = ds1302_readByte(0x8d-(loop1); /*allDate.yd.year = ds1302_readByte(0x8d); /yearallDate.yd.day = ds1302_readByte(0x8b); /dayallDate.md.month = ds1302_readByte(0x89); /monthallDate.md.date = ds1302_readByte(0x87); /dateallDate.hms.hour = ds1302_readByte(0x85); /hourallDate.hms.min = ds1302_readByte(0x83); /minallDate.hms.sec = ds1302_readByte(0x81); /sec */allDate = convertToDis