初三状语从句.doc

精锐教育学科教师辅导讲义学员编号： 年 级：初三 课 时 数：学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师： 授课类型C （状语从句） 授课日期时段教学内容一、专题精讲 知识点一、状语从句的定义与分类：用一个句子(从句)来作另一个句子(主句)的状语，用作状语的句子就叫作状语从句，根据作什么样的状语就叫什么类型的状语从句可分为：时间状语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句，地点状语从句。（图表分析）状语从句的分类：从属连词（从句引导词）例句时间状语从句when/while/as(当时)，before (在之前)，after(在之后)，since(自从)，notuntil(直到才)，as soon as(一就)I was doing my homework when my mother came in. 我正在写作业，突然妈妈进来了。He did not go to bed until his father came back. 直到爸爸回来他才去睡觉。条件状语从句if(如果)，as long as(只要)，unless(除非)Unless weather stops me, I go for a walk every day. 我每天都会去散步，除非遇上坏天气。If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch. 如果他不在办公室，他就是出去吃午饭了。原因状语从句because(因为)，since(既然)，as(由于)Since everyone is here, lets begin our meeting. 既然每个人都在这儿，我们开始开会吧。As it is raining, I will not go out. 由于下雨了，我不出去了。目的状语从句so that(以便，为了)，in order that(为了)She has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV lessons.为了能跟上电视教学课程，她买了那本书。He gets up early every morning so that he can catch the bus.他每天早上都起得很早，以便能赶上公交车。结果状语从句so that(结果是)，sothat/suchthat(如此以至于)She was ill so that she didnt attend the meeting. 她生病了以至于没参加会议。He was so excited that he could not say a word.他如此激动了以至于说不出一句话。She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her. 她是一个如此好的老师以至于大家都尊敬她。让步状语从句though/although(尽管，虽然)，even if(即使)，whatever（无论什么），wherever(无论哪里)，whenever(无论何时)Though he is a child, he knows a lot. 尽管他是个小孩，他懂很多东西。Whatever (= No matter what) you say, Ill never change my mind. 无论你说什么，我都不会改变我的想法。Wherever you go, I will go with you. 无论你去哪里，我都会跟着你。Theyll stand by you even if you dont succeed. 即使你不成功，他们也会支持你。比较状语从句than(比)，asas(和一样)，not as/soas(不如)He is taller than Tom. 他比汤姆高。He is as tall as Tom. 他和汤姆一样高。He is not so tall as Tom. 他不如汤姆高。地点状语where(哪里)，wherever(无论哪里)Make a mark where you have a question.在你有问题的地方画上记号。Sit wherever you like. 你想坐哪里就坐哪里吧。方式状语as(同样地), as if (though)(好像), the way(同样地), rather than(而不是)You must do the exercise as I show you. 你必须按照我教你的方式做练习。He acted as if nothing had happened. 他表现得好像什么事也没有发生。We should help him rather than he should help us. 是我们应该帮助他而不是他应该帮助我们。知识点二、状语从句易错点讲解： 1. 时间状语从句：在时间状语从句中，主句是一般将来时或祈使句，从句通常用一般现在时表示将来的意义，简称“主将从现”。 Ill ring you up as soon as I get to Hangzhou. 我一到杭州就会给你打电话。 When引导的时间状语从句表示主句和从句的动作同时发生；before引导的时间状语从句表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之前；after引导的时间状语从句表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后；as引导时间状语从句时，强调并行发生，不分先后。 When I came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting. Check it carefully before you hand it in. I will tell you after they leave. As she left the room she remembered that book. until/till 引导的时间状语从句 主句的谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句用肯定形式，表示这一动作或状态一直延续到until/till所表示的时间为止。 Ill wait for you till you come to see me. 我会一直等到你来看我。 主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词时，用否定形式表示主句的动作直到until所表示的时间才发生。构成句式notuntil，有时候不用not, 而用其它的如never, nothing等表示否定意义的词。 I didnt go to bed until I finished my homework.2. 条件状语从句：在条件状语从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时，简称“主将从现”。 Ill visit the Great Wall if it doesnt rain tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨，我将去长城。3. 原因状语从句： 原因状语从句通常用because，since，as引导。这三个词的语气由because到as逐渐减弱，由why提出的问题用because来回答。-Why are you late? -Because Im ill. 如果状语从句所表示的原因是人们已知的事实，就要用since，而不用as或because。since在这里的意思是“既然”。Since you cant answer the question, you can ask someone for help.既然你不能回答这个问题，你可以找别人帮忙。4. 目的状语从句： 引导目的状语的词组有so that, in order that等，谓语中常含有may, might, can, could, will, would等情态动词。如：He must get up early so that he can catch the first bus.他必须早点起床，以便赶上第一班车。5. 结果状语从句：（1）由sothat与suchthat引导的区别： so + 形容词或副词 + that such + a/an (+ 形容词) + 单数名词 + that such + (形容词) + 复数名词 + that such + (形容词) + 不可数名词 + that so + 形容词 + a/an + 单数名词+ that（2）当名词前面有many或much修饰时，用so而不用such。eg: She is such a lovely girl that we love her very much. =She is so lovely a girl that we love her very much. 她是如此可爱的一个女孩，以至于我们都很喜欢她。 We have so much time that we can finish the work very well. 我们有如此多的时间以至于我们能很好的完成工作。（3）sothat句型的否定形式可用简单句tooto或notenough to代替。如： He is so young that he cant go to school.= He is too young to go to school.= He is not old enough to go to school.他太小了不能去上学。二、典型例题分析【例题1】As we all know, planting trees is good for the environment. Our class will go to the Sun Island tomorrow. As soon as we _ there, well begin to plant trees. A. arrived B. arrive C. will arrive D. arrives 【解题思路】本题考查状语从句的时态，在as soon as引导的时间状语从句中，如果主句和从句的动作都发生在将来，从句用一般现在时表示将来时。【正确答案】B【例题2】Your dream wont come true_ you know what your dream is. A. after B. unless C. while D. since【解题思路】本题考查连词。After 作连词表示“在之后”，unless 作连词表示“如果不，除非”，while作连词表示“当的时候”,连接的句子常用进行时。Since作连词表示“自从”，连接的句子，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。从时态判断，首先排除C,D两项，A项连接的句子意思上与前文矛盾，故排除。Notunless 表示“不会除非”。【正确答案】B【例题3】-Lets go fishing if it _this weekend. - But nobody knows if it _. A. is fine; will rain B. will be fine; rains C. will be fine; will rain D. is fine; rains【解题思路】本题考查if的用法。第一空if引导的是条件状语从句，if意为“如果”，表示假设，因此用一般现在时表示将来；第二空if引导的是宾语从句，此处的if意为“是否”，由时间状语this weekend可知时态应该用将来时。【正确答案】A【例题4】Peter likes reading a newspaper_ he is having breakfast. A. until B. while C. because D. though 【解题思路】从句意“当Peter先生在吃早饭的时候，他喜欢看报纸”可知所填空格内为“当的时候”，故可判断选B。until意为“直达”，because意为“因为”，though意为“尽管”。辞三项都与题意不符。【正确答案】B【例题5】Im sorry. I started eating before you got here _ I was terribly hungry. A. so B. since then C. because D. so that【解题思路】本题考查的连词和状语从句。句意为：对不起，在你来之前我已经开始吃了，因为我太饿了。此处连词because引导原因状语从句。So引导结果分句，so that 引导结果或目的状语从句。【正确答案】C【例题6】-_ the soldiers are very tired, _they keep on working. -They are great. We must learn from them. A. Because; / B. Though; / C. Because; so D. Though; but【解题思路】本题考查连词though的用法。要表达的意思是“虽然士兵们非常的疲惫，但是他们坚持工作。”【正确答案】B三、专题过关1I was drawing a horse _the teacher came in. A. while B. as C. when D. the moment2Some passengers were walking through one of the big halls at Paris Charles De Gaulle Airport _ the whole roof(屋顶)fell down. A. while B. as soon asC. when D. after3You will stay healthy _ you do more exercise, such as running and walking. A. if B. how C. before D. where4-Shall we go on working?-Yes, _ I prefer to have a rest. A. when B. if C. because D. though5None of us knew what had happened _ they told us about it. A. when B. until C. after D. though6-I hope youll enjoy your trip, dear!-Thank you, mum. Ill give you a call _ I get there. A. until B. as soon as C. since D. till7The camera is expensive I cant afford it. A. so, that B. such, that C. so, as to D. enough, that8I never seem to lose any weight, hard I try. A. even though B. no matter how C. as if D. ever since9Shall we go on working? Yes , I prefer to have a rest . Awhen BifCbecause Dthough10Edison never gave up, he failed many times. Aand Bthough Cor11The policeman asked the child cross the street the traffic lights turned green. Anot; whenBdont; beforeCnot to; until12-Its time to go to bed ,Li Ming. -Mum, I have a lot of homework to do ,I wont go to bed I finish it A .after B.until C.as soon as D .since13You should make a good plan _ you do anything important. A. before B. after C. though D. until14_ they are brothers, they dont look like each other at all. A. BecauseB. ThoughC. When D. As15。I enjoy learning English, _ it takes me a lot of time. A.as ifB.thoughC.becauseD.forKeys：1-5：CCADB 6-10：BABDB 11-15：CBABB三、学法提炼1、专题特点： 状语从句是各地中考的必考点之一，它的考查主要体现在考查各种状语从句的连接词的正确运用， 考查状语从句特殊的时态以及一些特殊的转化结构，其中考查最频繁的是条件，时间，结果和比较状语从句。2、解题方法： （1）从语境出发，通过主句和从句的逻辑关系，正确判断状语从句的类型，选准连词。 （2）根据所给状语从句的暗示，从句与主句之时态的呼应。3、注意事项： （1）时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，时态的“主将从现”。 （2）掌握连词的意思，特别是一词多义的情况。一、 能力培养1、用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯 (每个单词限用一次)。but carry to tradition buy even a choose they cheapTwenty-First Century BooksProbably you have seen someone reading a book on an electronic reading device. Over the past few years, these small computers have become more popular. For that reason, more companies that make 61 paper books are now making electronic books (ebooks). Most ebooks are the same as paper books, 62 people download a file into a reading device rather than 63 the paper book. This way they can 64 many books. Books companies are adding special features 65 some ebooks. These extra features might include sound files, picture files, or video files. When the readers click on these files they learn more about the book, the story, or the writer.The latest electronic readers are smaller and 66 , but they are also much more powerful. They can store much more information, so writers and book companies can do more with 67 ebooks. They do not want to just add files to 68 completed book. They are making the sound, picture, and video files part of the story. Readers need these files to understand the whole story. Readers can 69 change the story. Readers already have a lot of books to choose from. If they can change the way stories end, they will have more 70 !2、单词拼写 根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母，在答题卷上按题号写出各单词的完全形式。71. The shortest month of the year is F .72. Bruce cant work out the math problem w your help.73. I couldnt find my mobile phone, so Mum asked me to use h .74. Cindy didnt wear jeans yesterday. She wore a fancy dress i .75. Uncle Tom was so busy that he h noticed the days pass by fast.76. Jessica wont watch TV until she f her homework.77. We should take an active attitude towards our life and never give up our d .78. Daddys suggestion was really h for me to make a right decision.79. W you may say, Ill hold on my plan to study abroad.80. When online shopping first came into being, many people r to use it, but gradually they began to accept it.Keys：61. traditional 62. but 63. buying 64. carry65. to66. cheaper 67. their 68. a 69. even 70. choices71. February 72. without 73. hers 74. instead 75. hardly76. finishes 77. dreams 78. helpful 79. Whatever 80. Refused二、 能力点评 学法升华一、 知识收获二、 方法总结三、 技巧提炼课后作业一. 单项填空1. _ hes old, he can still carry this heavy bag. A. Though B. Since C. For D. So2. -Do you know if he _ to play basket ball with us? -I think he will come if he _ free tomorrow. A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is D. will come; will be3. In the zoo if a child _ into the water and cant swim, the dolphins may come up _ him. A. will fall; to help B. falls; to help C. will fall; help D. falls; helping4. I dont remember _ he worked in that city when he was young. A. what B. which C. where D. who5. We will stay at home if my aunt _ to visit us tomorrow. A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming6. The police asked the children _ cross the street _ the traffic lights turned green. A. not; before B. dont; when C. not to; until D. not; after7. I was late for class yesterday _ there was something wrong with my bike. A. when B. that C. until D. because8. Ill go swimming with you if I _ free tomorrow. A. will be B. shall be C. am D. was9. In the exam, the _ you are, _ the _ mistakes you will make. A. careful; little B. more careful; fewest C. more careful; fewer D. more careful; less10. You should finish your lessons _ you go out to paly. A. before B. after C. when D. while11. I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class. A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless12. When you read the book, youd better make a mark _ you have any questions. A. which B. that C. where D. though13. The teacher raised his voice _ all the students could hear him. A. for B. so that C. because D. in order14. He took off his coat _ he felt hot. A. because B. as C. if D. since15. It is _ that wed like to go out for a walk. A. a lovely day B. too lovely a day C. so lovely a day D. such lovely a day16. Mary had _ much work to do that she stayed at her office all day. A. such B. so C. too D. very17. _ I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work. A. Although B. Because C. As D. As if18. _ the day went on, the weather got worse. A. With B. Since C. While D. As19. _ well you can drive, you must drive carefully. A. So long as B. In o