2012年全国职称英语等级考前押题卷文

1 2012 年全国职称英语押题卷 命中率高 年全国职称英语押题卷 命中率高 理工类理工类 第第 1 部分 词汇选项部分 词汇选项 第 1 15 题 每题 1 分 共 15 分 下面共有 15 个句子 每个句子中均有 1 个词或短语划有底横线 请从每个句子后面所给的 4 个选项 中选择 1 个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语 答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上 1 The local authorities will take measures to deal with noise pollution in the area A power B control C learning D government 2 Hundreds of cyclists assembled in Central Park in Pudong this morning to take part in the event A appeared B walked C met D combined 3 In case of emergency please follow the orders of the ship crew A post B transfer C confirm D obey 4 They ate in the kitchen as they normally did A usually B partly C highly D fully 5 He likes swimming but I like going out for a walk A how B what C while D why 6 There is less come now it seems that there is a fall in the crime rate A descent B incline C decline D slope 7 We were so greatly attracted by the beauty of the West Lake that we decided to visit Hangzhou again the next year A fascinated B disturbed C fooled D surprised 8 During the construction of skyscrapers cranes are used to lift building materials to the upper floors A toss B tow C hoist D hurl 9 In the United States it is customary for families to gather on Thanksgiving Day A entertain B assemble C feast D worship 10 The town is famous for its magnificent church towers A ancient B old C modern D splendid 11 There are a limited number of books on this subject in the library A large B total C small D similar 12 Don t hesitate to let me know if there is anything I can do for you A pause B refuse C reject D wait 13 Merge the following two short sentences into one new sentence A Split B Combine 2 C Break D Divide 14 Color changes in chameleons seem to be caused by environmental temperature as well as by other external stimulus A have B appear C ought D used 15 Their sole fault was a failure to recognize all the factors involved A initial B maximum C usual D only 第第 2 部分 阅读判断 第部分 阅读判断 第 16 22 题 每题题 每题 1 分 共分 共 7 分 分 阅读下面这篇短文 短文后列出 7 个句子 请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断 如果该句提供 的是正确信息 请在答题卡上把 A 涂黑 如果该句提供的是错误信息 请在答题卡上把 B 涂黑 如果该 句的信息在文章中没有提及 请在答题卡上把 C 涂黑 Eruptions of Mount Saint Helens On March 27 the U S Government scientists made a decision after they predicted the eruption of Mount Saint Helens They telephoned all states and local officials in the area and told them that a serious eruption was possible at any time Roads were closed to everyone except scientists and forest keepers struggled to keep curious visitors away from the mountain Shortly after noon on March 27 Mount Saint Helens erupted for the first time in 123 years People living north of the mountain heard a loud boom that shook their windows and airline pilots flying near the volcano soon afterwards described a thick black column of ash and steam shooting more than 2 100 meters into the sky Later scientists found that the explosion had made a new crater 大坑 in the top of the mountain not far from the old crater The north side of the peak now had a huge bulge 凸出部分 where rock and ice had been pushed out by the eruption A second eruption shook the mountain on March 28 It too sent up a column of black ash high into the sky By March 29 scientists flying over the mountain saw that a second crater formed about 9 meters from the first one Strange blue flames flickered 闪烁 inside the crater and sometimes jumped from one crater to the other By April 1 the mountain had erupted several more times and the snow on the north slope of the peak was black with ash Ash carried by the wind had fallen on towns as far as 240 kilometers away from Mount Saint Helens During the first week of April Mount Saint Helens gave scientists something new to worry about harmonic tremors 震动 recorded by scientists showed a big eruption would happen All during April and into May Mount Saint Helens continued to shudder 震动 and shoot out ash By April 8 the two craters had merged to form a vast hole nearly a half of a kilometer wide and 250 meters deep Scientists main worry during this time was the growing bulge of rock and ice on the north face of the mountain By May 7 scientists feared the worst Their warnings led Washington Governor to set up safety zones around the mountain The inner red zone was open to scientists only The outer blue zone was open only to people who got special permits But in spite of these warnings some people got past the road barriers and risked their lives trying to get close to the volcano 16 American scientists predicted that Mount Saint Helens was to erupt soon A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 17 Pilots flying at the height of more than 2 100 meters saw a thick black column of ash and steam shooting up into the air from the crater 3 A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 18 A new crater which was to the south of the old one was formed after the second eruption A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 19 The quakes recorded during the first week of April in the area of Mount Saint Helens warned scientists of a new eruption A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 20 Two scientists lost their lives during the second eruption of Mount Saint Helens A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 21 Most of the dreadful eruptions of Mount Saint Helens took place in early May A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 22 The eruption of Mount Saint Helens attracted a large number of foreign tourists A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 第第 3 部分 概括大意与完成句子部分 概括大意与完成句子 第 23 30 题 每题 1 分 共 8 分 阅读下面这篇短文 短文后有 2 项测试任务 1 第 23 26 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为第 3 6 段每段选择 1 个正确的小标题 2 第 27 30 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中选择 4 个正确选项 分别完 成每个句子 请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上 Electromagnetic Energy 1 White light seems to be a combination of all colors The energy that comes from a source of light is not limited to the kind of energy you can see Heat is given off by a flame or an electric light On a cloudy day it is possible to get a sunburn even though you feel cool Visible light and the kinds of energy that produce warmth and sunburn are examples of electromagnetic energy 2 The sun is 93 million miles from the earth Yet we can use energy from the sun because electromagnetic energy travels through space 3 Many other kinds of energy are also types of electromagnetic energy Radio television and radar signals travel from transmitters to receivers as low energy electromagnetic waves Infrared 红外线的 radiation is an electromagnetic wave When it is absorbed by matter heat is produced Waves of infrared and visible light have more energy than waves of radio television or radar Ultraviolet rays 紫外线 and X rays are electromagnetic waves with even greater amounts of energy Infrared radiation is used in cooking food and heating buildings Sunlight and electric lights are part of our requirements for normal living Ultraviolet radiation is useful in killing certain disease organisms X rays and gamma rays have so much energy that they travel right through solid objects They can be used to detect and treat cancer X rays are used in industry to find hidden cracks in metal and in medicine to reveal broken bones 4 Usually we use electricity to generate electromagnetic energy The source of most of our energy is the sun Heat from the sun causes water to evaporate When the water falls to the earth as rain some of it is trapped behind dams and then used to operate electric generators Other generators are powered by coal but the energy stored in coal came from the sun too 5 Until recently the source of the tremendous amount of energy given off by the sun was a puzzle If the sun depended on chemical reactions it would have used up all its energy long ago Experiments with electromagnetic radiation led to the theory that mass can be converted into energy About forty years after the theory was proposed nuclear energy was harnessed 利用 by man Chemical energy comes from electron 电子 rearrangement Nuclear energy comes from a change in the nucleus of an atom Compared with chemical reactions nuclear reactions release millions of times more energy per pound of fuel We now believe that the sun s energy comes from the nuclear reactions in which hydrogen is changed into helium 氦 6 Nuclear energy is beginning to compete with coal as an economical source of power to generate electricity It is 4 also being used to operate engines in large ships Scientists continue to seek new and better methods of obtaining and using energy 23 Paragraph 3 24 Paragraph 4 25 Paragraph 5 26 Paragraph 6 A The Most Important Source of Energy B Types of Electromagnetic Energy C The Machines Used for Energy Generation D Seeking New Sources of Energy E The Use of Ultraviolet Radiation in Medicine F Nuclear Reactions as the Lasting Source of the Sun s Energy 27 One can get a sunburn even 28 Infrared radiation can produce heat 29 X rays and gamma rays can be used to detect and treat cancer 30 Chemical energy is generated A when it is cloudy B because they can pass through solid objects C when the sun rays are fierce D when a change in the nucleus of an atom takes place E when electron rearrangement takes place F when it is absorbed by matter 第第 4 部分 阅读理解部分 阅读理解 第 31 45 题 每题 3 分 共 45 分 下面有 3 篇短文 每篇短文后有 5 道题 每题后面有 4 个选项 请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其 后面的问题 从 4 个选项中选择 1 个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上 第一篇第一篇 Hercules Once upon a time there was a great Greek hero Hercules He was taller and stronger than anyone you have ever seen On his shoulder he carried a club and in his hand he held a bow 弓 He was known as the hero of a hundred adventures Hercules served a king The king was afraid of him So again and again he sent him on difficult tasks One morning the king sent for him and told him to fetch three golden apples for him from the garden of the Singing Maidens 歌女 But no one knew where the garden was So Hercules went away He walked the whole day and the next day and the next He walked for months before he saw mountains far in the distance one fine morning One of the mountains was in the shape of a man with long long legs and arms and huge shoulders and a huge head He was holding up the sky Hercules knew it was Atlas the Mountain God So he asked him for help Atlas answered My head and arms and shoulders all ache Could you hold up the sky while I fetch the 5 golden apples for you Hercules climbed the mountain and shouldered the sky Soon the sky grew very heavy When finally Atlas came back with three golden apples he said Well you are going to carry the mountain for ever I m going to see the king with the apples Hercules knew that he couldn t fight him because of the sky on his back So he shouted Just one minute s help My shoulders are hurting Hold the sky for a minute while I make a cushion 垫子 for my shoulders Atlas believed him He threw down the apples and help up the sky Hercules picked up the apples and ran back to see the king 31 What do you know about Hercules according to the first paragraph A He was a Greek hero B He was a king C He was the Mountain God D He was a man working in the king s garden 32 Hercules was given many difficult tasks because A he was the strongest man B the king wanted to get rid of him C the king wanted to test his strength D those tasks had to be done anyway 33 Which of the following can best describe Atlas according to the text A He looked like a mountain B He was a man with huge shoulders and arms C He was a man with long legs and a huge head D He was the giant who held up the sky 34 Atlas got the golden apples for Hercules because A he wanted to help Hercules B he was afraid of Hercules C he did not want to hold the sky any more D he wanted to be the king himself 35 Hercules finally managed to get the apples A by fooling Atlas B by defeating Atlas C because he ran faster than Atlas D because Atlas threw down the apples 第二篇第二篇 Tim s Career As a boy Tim was much influenced by books about the sea but in fact by the age of fifteen he had decided to become a doctor rather than a sailor His father was a dentist and as a result Tim had the opportunity of meeting many doctors either at home or elsewhere When he was fourteen he was already hanging around the dispensary 药房 of the local doctor where he was supposed to be helping to wrap up medicine bottles but was actually trying to listen to the conversations taking place between the doctor and his patients in the next room During the war Tim served in the Navy as a surgeon That was the happiest time of my life doing major surgery I was dealing with very real suffering and on the whole making a success of it In Rhodes 罗得岛 he taught the country people simple facts about medicine He saw himself as a life saver He had proved his skill to 6 himself and his ability to take decisions With this proof came the firm belief that those who lived simply possessed qualities and a secret of living which he lacked Thus while he was able to tell them what to do he could feel he was serving them After the war he got married and chose a practice in the English countryside working under an old doctor who was popular in the area but who hated the sight of blood and believed that the secret of medicine was faith This gave the younger man many opportunities to go on working as a life saver 36 Tim decided to become a doctor at 15 mainly because A his father wanted him to be so B he had read many books about medicine C his father was a surgeon himself D he had met doctors through his father 37 When Tim was in the dispensary of the local doctor he A was expected to help the doctor B read many books there C participated in the conversations D often went to the next room 38 During the war Tim A became a sailor B worked as a surgeon C lost interest in work D didn t achieve success 39 When Tim was working in Rhodes he A wanted to live like the country people B wanted to prove his abilities and skills C discovered the virtues of a simple life D taught life saving to his patients 40 When the war was over Tim A continued working as a surgeon B got married and lived in the city C chose a junior partner to work with D decided to give up medicine for faith 第三篇第三篇 Suggestion As you are soon on your way to Eastern Europe here are a few tips on what you should pack In general pack lightly with only the most basic clothes People dress casually in Eastern Europe so you don t need to bring along your smartest clothing At the risk of going against our own advice by weighing down your luggage we suggest you consider bringing along the following items which we found particularly useful in Eastern Europe Batteries If your camera flash or other appliances run on batteries bring a sufficient supply Certain types of batteries don t exist in Eastern Europe and those that do often don t last very long Calculator many travelers find it useful to figure out foreign exchange rates on a calculator We suggest a credit card calculator which fits into your wallet or purse Cash We have found it good to have a supply of small de nomination U S bills 1s and 5s to use in 7 hard currency stores to buy international train tickets etc The hard currency stores never seem to have the right change and thus you may lose out without some petty cash on hand Electric Current Adapter If you bring handy appliances remember that the electricity in Eastern Europe uses 220 volts A C not the standard 110 volts of North America A 110 volt appliance will soon burn out when attached to an unconverted 220 volt plug Contact the Franzus Company 352 Park Ave south New York NY 10010 tel 212 889 5850 and ask for their booklet Foreign Electricity Is No Dark Secret Language Tools One of Europe s big challenges is communicating with the local people since their languages are so different from our own To help overcome difficulties you might invest in phrase books before you go you won t find them once you are in Eastern Europe If you are interested in learning an Eastern European language in more detail we recommend the cassette course produced by Audio Forum In each course you listen to native speakers on a cassette and follow along in a textbook You can contact Audio Forum for their catalog at 96 Broad St Guilford CT 06437 tel toll 费用 free 800 243 1234 Money Belt A money belt is especially helpful when you have many documents to carry around as you always do in Eastern Europe The best one we found is made by Eagle Creek Travel Gear 143 Cedros Ave P O box 651 Solona Beach CA 92075 tel 619 755 9399 or toll free 800 874 9925 outside California Traveler s Checks These are essential Bring your traveler s checks in small to medium de nomination 10 20 or 50 to change a little bit at a time so as not to be left with a lot of local currency To be on the safe side be sure to copy down the check numbers in two places just in case something happens to the checks 41 The author suggests that when you go to Eastern Europe you only need to bring your A smart clothing B everyday clothes C formal dresses D raincoat 42 What items mentioned in the text are about money matters A Money belts and language tools B Batteries and other electric devices C Cash and electric current adapters D Cash and traveler s checks 43 Which of the following statements is NOT a fact A The electricity in Eastern Europe uses 220 volts A C B Eastern European languages can be a problem to foreign travelers C No shop in Eastern Europe accepts hard currency D Travelers may need to carry many documents in Eastern Europe 44 Eagle Creek Travel Gear is a company manufacturing A money belts B calculations C cassettes D electric current adapters 45 This passage is probably taken from A a bank statement B a traveler s guide C a holiday advertisement D an electrical safety booklet 第第 5 部分 补全短文部分 补全短文 第 46 50 题 每题 2 分 共 10 分 阅读下面的短文 文章中有 5 处空白 文章后面有 6 组文字 请根据文章的内容选择 5 组文字 将 其分别放回文章原有位置 以恢复文章原貌 请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上 8 The Invader of AIDS The invader is small even in the microscopic world of bacteria and viruses It is alive only in the strictest sense of the world It had no intelligence no means of mobility no methods of defense in the outside world It is fragile easily killed by common household bleach 漂白剂 and even short periods outside the body 46 It is the AIDS virus and it is a killer AIDS is a disease caused by a virus that breaks down