英语高考提分点对点 （动词专项）.doc

英语高考提分点对点 （动词专项）动词是学习英语的重点内容，也是高考命题的重中之重。动词的考点有：动词的类别；及物动词，不及物动词，连系动词，助动词和情态动词的用法；动词的时态、语态和语气；非谓语动词的用法；动词短语的搭配、使用及意义。动词的理解与运用 英语中动词是一个变化多端的词性，时时在变，处处在变。所以在学习英语的过程中，要时时想着动词的变化。动词分为系动词 、助动词、实义动词和情态动词。这里主要讲系动词、助动词、和实义动词。第一节 系动词 系动词（即连系动词）用于连接主语和表语，说明主语的状态，性质，特征或身份。常见的系动词是be ,它的三种变化形式为：am , is , are . 除了 be 动词之外还有一些，他们大致可分为四类：1) 表示“ 似乎“ 如： appear , seem 2) 表示“感觉” 如： look , sound , feel , taste , smell 3) 表示 “变化 ”如： become , come , get , grow , turn , fall, go 4) 表示其他含义 如： keep ,remain , stay , stand , prove 例句如下： 1. The old man seems deaf . 那个老头似乎聋了。 2.He appears quite well . 她显得很健康。 3. She didnt feel safe enough . 她不感觉足够的安全。 4. The mixture tasted terrible . 这个混合物闻起来很难闻。 5. Now my dream has come true . 现在我的梦想已经变成了现实。 6. James grew bigger every year . 詹姆斯一年年地长大。 7.You must keep healthy . 你必须保持身体健康。 8. Country music today remains much the same as before . 今天的乡村音乐还是与从前一个样。应用系动词是应当注意以下几个问题：（一）除去be以外的系动词在用法上与be有点不同，有be 动词的句子变为疑问句或否定句时，直接前提或加not 。例如： He is in the classroom . 他在教室。 Is he in the classroom ? 他在教室吗？ He is not in the classroom. 他不在教室。 而其他系动词变疑问句或否定句时与实义动词相同。例如：The language spoken in these places stayed the same .那些地方讲的语言都是一样。Did the language spoken in these places stayed the same ?那些地方讲的语言都是一样吗？The language spoken in these places didnt stay the same .那些地方讲的语言不 都一样。 又如：She proved a very strict teacher . 他证明是一位非常严格的教师。Did she prove a very strict teacher? 他证明是一位非常严格的教师吗？She didnt prove a very strict teacher . 他不证明是一位非常严格的教师。（二 ）一般来讲，系动词之后用形容词作表语能表示主语的性质、特征，这时回答“怎么样”的问题。如： The book is interesting . ( interesting 是形容词，表示主语book 的性质，对表语进行提问可以说：How is the book ? (这本书怎么样？）。 名词作表语表示主语的身份，回答“什么”问题。如： He is a teacher . ( teacher 是名词，它表示主语的身份，对表语进行提问可以说：What is he ?) 当然，副词、数词、代词、介词短语、分词、动名词都可以作表语，分别表示不同的含义。如： The professor is at home . 教授在家。 at home 为介词短语The computer is mine . 这台计算机是我的。 mine 为代词Five and six is eleven . 五加六等于十一。 eleven为数词He is out . 他出去了。 out 为副词My job is looking after the children . 我的工作是照看小孩。looking.为动名词短语The film is moving . 电影很动人。 moving 为分词练习题I.指出下列句子中的系动词1.Our class are all out on the playground . 2. What are the women doing over there ? 3.What we need are good textbooks .4.The door was opened by the boy. 5. The window is open . 6. I turned to the left and saw a strange man .7.There are five trees over there.8.I felt the desk and the desk felt cool.9.Please look at the picture.10.It looks very nice.11.It sounds a good idea.Please sound the bell and ask him to come in.12.The plant which I grew in my garden is growing higher and higher.答案：1.are 3. are 5.is 8.第二个 felt是系动词 10. looks 11. sounds 12 is growing II.填入适当的词使句意完整1. It _ he who found the lost purse .2. _ the students looking over the animals now?3. The news _ exciting .4. _ the answer sound reasonable ?5. _ a new factory set up last year ? 6. _ he careful about his studies ? 答案：1.was 2.Are 3.is 4.Does 5.Was 6.Is 第二节 助动词助动词是用来帮助构成疑问句、否定句、倒装句、强调句以及各种时态、语态、语气等的词，助动词没有词义。常见的助动词有：be , have, do , shall , will 它们随着人称和数的变化而变化。例如：They are dancing and singing . ( are 帮助构成现在进行时)English is spoken by many people . ( is 帮助构成被动语态)We have studied English for five years. ( have 帮助构成现在完成时)She did not go to town yesterday . (did帮助构成否定句)Only then did I realize that I was wrong . ( did帮助构成倒装句型)Do give her my regards . ( do 帮助构成强调句，强调 动词give )I shall write you a letter next month . ( shall 帮助构成一般将来时)If it were fine yesterday , I could have come to see you . (could , have 帮助构成虚拟语气）要是明天好天，我回去看你的。练习题I. 找出下列句子中的助动词1. Never does he get up at five oclock . 2. They did remember the date when they met at he spot . 3.They have been married for ten years . 4. I said that they would accept our thanks . 5.They havent finished what they were asked to do . 6. They seldom call at this lonely place , do they ? 7. The Smiths have a pretty daughter . 8. The computer is for the teacher not for the students. 答案：1.does 2.did 3.have been 4.would 5.have , were 6. do 7.have 不是助动词8.is 不是助动词II.填入适当的词使句意完整1.We _ go to Shanghai next Sunday . 2.They _ not hear the sound last night . 3. He _ not smoke and neither _ his brother. 4. Hardly _ he gone to bed when there was a knock at the door . 5._ the doctors giving the first aid to the dying child ? 6. It _ said that a lot of flowers have _ planted recently . 7.He suggested that we _ follow the way the teacher had showed us. 8.They _ lived here since this village _ celebrated .9._ you ever been to the Great Wall ? 10. _ she usually write to you ? 答案：1.will 2. did 3. does , does 4. had 5. Are 6. is , been 7. should 8.have, was 9.Have 10.Does第三节 实义动词 实义动词又叫行为动词， 它分为及物动词和不及物动词。所谓及物动词是指动词后需要宾语的动词，如：We all love our motherland .(我们都热爱我们的祖国。 love 为及物动词）所谓不及物动词是指不能跟宾语的动词，只能接状语或其他成分。如：He smiled when he saw her. (他见到她时笑了。smiled 为不及物动词。）有些动词既是及物动词又是不及物动词，如： We study English . ( 我们学习英语。study 为及物动词。 ）We study hard . ( 我们努力学习。study 为不及物动词。）及物动词又被动语态而不及物动词没有被动语态，因为不及物动词不能跟宾语。实义动词在句中变化无常，时时在变，处处在变，学好英语掌握实义动词的变化最重要，它主要随主语人称和数的变化以及动作发生时间的不同而变化。以 work 为例,He often works . ( 他经常工作。）We often work. . （ 我们经常工作。）He worked yesterday .( 他昨天工作。）He has worked for three hours .(他已经工作三个小时了。）He is working now . .( 他正在工作。）He will work tomorrow .(他明天将要工作。）He had worked for three hours by the end of last Sunday .(到星期日末他已经工作三个小时了。）He said that he would work the next day . (他说第二天他将要工作。）实义动词又分为状态动词和动作动词，状态动词时表示状态的动词，它所表示的不是具体动作，这类动词一般是延续性的。如：have, keep ,belong,be, exist 动作动词是表示具体动作的动词，一部分是延续性动词，一部分是非延续性动词。如 :非延续性动词 hit ,stop , buy , jump ,borrow ；延续性动词 sit , talk ,do , sing 练习题 I.用所给词的正确形式填空1. A pair of glasses _ been found . ( have )2. There _ a bus and several cars. ( come ) 3.Half of them _ gone. ( be) 4.Fred _ a waiter for two years before he went to university .( be ) 5. When I entered the room , I _ him drawing.( find )6. The football match _ this afternoon . ( hold )7. We can do nothing unless we _ more time . ( give ) 8. Our plan _ at the next meeting . ( discuss )9. A new high building _ near our school now . ( build ) 10.They _ about a chair when the teacher came in . ( quarrel ) 答案：1. has 2.comes 3.are 4. had been 5.found 6.will be held 7.are given 8.will be discussed 9. is being built 10. were quarrelling巩固练习：1. - Have you seen _ knife? I left it here this morning. - Is it _ white one? I think I saw it somewhere. A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a2. What _ good advice he gave us!A. a B. an C. the D. 3. _ is not gold that glitters. (prov.) (闪闪发光物，未必尽黄金。)A. AllB. The wholeC. EveryoneD. The entire4. Come early, _ you will see our president on the spot.A. andB. orC. otherwiseD. as well as5. Along the highway, the sign board Dont drink _ drive. can be seen every ten kilometres.A. orB. andC. otherwiseD. as well as6. - I dont like chicken _ fish.- I dont like chicken, _ I like fish very much.A. and, and B. and, but C. or, and D. or, but7. I had five friends in my childhood. One is an engineer. _ is a professor, a third is an officer, a fourth is a middle school teacher and the fifth is a company manager.A. The otherB. AnotherC. A secondD. Others8. - Have you finished your report yet?- No. Ill finish in 10 _ minutes.A. another B. other C. more D. less9. - Which one shall I take, the blue one or the red one? - If you like, you may take _ .A. any B. either C. neither D. both10. - Which lamp do you want?- _ will do?A. Anyone B. Any one C. No D. Everyone11. The _ Nanchang Uprising(起义) in 1927 was just the beginning of our Partys armed struggle. Thats why our Army Day is celebrated on this day.A. First AugustB. 1st AugustC. August FirstD. August one12. I came back not _ the rain, but _ I was tired. A. because; because B. because of; because ofC. because; because of D. because of; because13. - What was the party like?- Wonderful. It is years _ I enjoyed myself so much. A. after B. before C. when D. since14. I didnt get a good understanding of the complicated sentence _ the teacher had explained it to me. A. before B. until C. when D. unless15. We had hardly left the house _ it began to rain.A. until B. while C. before D. when16. The “orphans” home in the old society was _ a living hell, where children suffered from inhuman treatment.A. as far as B. much better than C. no better than D. not better than17. Would you lend me the bike _ you often come to school? A. on which B. by which C. in which D. with which18. There are trees on _ side of the road. A. both B. every C. all D. either19. It is raining now. We have no choice _ at home.A. but stayB. but to stayC. but stayingD. and stay20. I met one of my friends in the street _. We decided to have an outing _.A. some day; one dayB. one day; some dayC. some day; some dayD. a day; some day21. Every morning, the fish mongers stood there _ with the fishermen for fishes. A. to argue B. to talk about prices C. bargaining D. discussing22. She always _ her opinion _ facts. A. depends, on B. bases, on C. put, into D. bases, by23. Everyone should remember it is very important to _ the balance of nature toady.A. getB. makeC. keepD. remain24. The valley was _ in sunlight, and the children were singing and jumping with joy A. bathedB. coveredC. swam D. surrounded25. - We could have walked to the station. It was so near.- Yes. A taxi _ at all necessary.A. wasnt B. hadnt been C. couldnt be D. wouldnt be26. The old woman could not _ the terrible noise, and she had to close the door and windows. A. bear B. accept C. receive D. hold27. When he heard the news, his heart _ very fast. A. stroke B. beat C. knocked D. jumped28. They _ friends since they met in Shanghai ten years ago. A. have become B. have turned C. have been D. have grown29. Thats all for the party. Lets _. A. fall asleep B. go to sleep C. go to bed D. be asleep30. The coal we use today should _ plants and trees. A. begin with B. start with C. commence as D. originate as31. Do you know when did the world _? A. come into being B. come C. formed D. existed32. I _ what he said, but I dont _ him.A. believe, believe inB. trust, believeC. believe in, creditD. depend on, believe in33. - Do you think its to rain over the weekend?- _.A. I dont believe B. I dont believe thatC. I believe not so D. I believe not34. -Theres something wrong with the machine. Who is _? -None. The machine is too old to work.A. blamed B. scolded C. to blame D. answered for35. The poor old man _ blind when he was very young. A. wentB. gotC. madeD. kept36. The entrance is _ with such heavy stones as two or three big men cant move.A. put B. stopped C. blocked D. closed37. He blew 10 dollars on a dinner. The underlined word probably means _.A. obtained B. spent C. was fined D. was robbed38. - What are you going to do tomorrow?- I will go _ with my friends on the lake. A. hunting B. shopping C. shipping D. boating39. He is _ with anger. I dont know whats the reason. A. boiled B. boiling C. to boil D. boil40. Youll have to_ tickets early if you want to watch the football match. A. receive B. book C. accept D. give41. - Can you tell me the tomato is? - It is one yuan per kilo. A. how many B. how much C. whats the money D. what money42. _ foreign visitors come to China every year and this has promoted the development of our tourism. A. Hundreds of millions of B. Hundred of million C. One hundreds millions D. One hundred million of43. I want to know _ hell be here on time because we cannot begin the meeting without him. A. if B. when C. that D. what44. John Keats, a great British poet, died _. His death is really a great loss to the field of literature. A. in his twentieth B. in his twenties C. his twenty D. on the twenties45. Thirty-three people were present at the meeting, _ the chairman. A. included B. inclusive C. including D. includes of46. Dont worry. _ were taken to the hospital . And now the doctors are performing operations on them. A. The injured B. The injury C. Injured D. Injury47. Alice received an invitation from her boss, _ came as a surprise. A. it B. that C. which D. he48. - Would you like a cup of coffee? - _ A. Why not?B. Its very kind of youC. Im glad.D. Help yourself49. The westerner is used to eating food with _ while we Chinese use chopsticks. A. a knife and a forkB. a knife and forkC. the knife and forkD. the knife and50. Wei Fang lives by _ Dongting Lake, while his American friend lives near _ Great Lakes. A. the; theB. the; XC. X; theD. X; X51. _ is the most beautiful one in the world and it boasts musical accents and nobler rhymes. A. The French B. The French languageC. French languageD. The France language52. , Mother will wait for him to have dinner together. A. However late is heB. No matter how he is lateC. No matter how is he lateD. However late he is53. Sam is no more diligent than his friend. This sentence means .A. Sam is as lazy as his friend B. Sam is lazy, but his friend is diligentC. Sam is not more diligent than his friend D. His friend is more diligent than Sam54. We are taught that a business letter should be written in a formal style in a personal one. A. rather than B. more than C. better than D. less than 55. Dont be sad, my fellow. It wont be we meet again. A. before long B. long after C. after long D. long before56. Nobody believed him what he said and he felt very disappointed. A. even though B. in spite C. no matter D. contrary to 57. Tom is in favour of going to the movies Jack insists on playing basketball. A. while B. as C. meanwhile D. since58. In front of our dormitory, there stands .A. a tower over 50 metres high B. a more than 50 metres high towerC. a tower over 50- metres-high D. a high tower over 50 metres59. On his _ birthday, the old man enjoyed his good health. A. ninth B. nineteenth C. ninetiethD. nineties60. No sooner had the clerk arrived office _ he started his computer. A. thanB. butC. whenD. then61. That young man you with neglecting your duty. A. charged B. changed C. ordered D. told62. The crowd the runners on as they started the last lap. A. called B. checked C. cheered D. checked63. Passengers should Flight BA125 to Berlin. A. check in for B. check on C. check out D. check off64. We have to a new manager from a short-list of five candidates. A. choose B. select C. elect D. pick65. The Chinese people _ brave and hard-working. The Chinese _ a brave and hard-working people. A. is; areB. are; areC. are; isD. is; is66. Now more and more college students _ to go and work in the west provinces of China. A. pickB. electC. selectD. choose67. Many countries have sent up man-made communication satellites to _ the earth, which is made possible for each household to use TV.A. moveB. roundC. circle D. go68. She her hands in delight when she heard the good news. A. clapped B. clap C. circled D. slap69. I have some problems. Please _ them for me.A. clear awayB. clean awayC. clear upD. clean off70. It was a fine day once the mist had . A. cleared away B. cleared up C. carried D. cleaned71. I must have this suit . A. cleared B. cleaned C. cleared away D. cleaned off72. The road has long been out of order and last month it was for repairs. A. shut B. stopped C. closed D. opened73. She the children round him and asked them to listen to her attentively. A. gathered B. collected C. told D. drew74. The man you _ in the street is my best friend. A. paid a visitB. came acrossC. had a talkD. dropped in75. Why dont you to England for a holiday? A. come through B. come over C. come on D. come along76. In the ne