初中英语现在完成时与过去完成时讲解与练习

精品文档 1欢迎下载 一 现在完成时 标志词 just already yet ever never recently for since before still now so far 比较比较 havehave beenbeen toto 表示去过 已经回来了 表示去过 已经回来了 havehave gonegone toto 表示去了 还没有回来 表示去了 还没有回来 HaveHave beenbeen inin 表示一直在某个地方表示一直在某个地方 1 I have been to Beijing twice 我去过北京二次 2 He has gone to Beijing and he will be back next week 3 I have been in Beijing for three years He has been a soldier for three years 他参军三年了 His father has been dead for two years 他父亲去世二 年了 The film has been on for ten minutes 电影已开始十分 钟了 瞬间性动词在完成时中如要与表示持续一段时间的状语连用 通常 用意思相当的持续性动词来替换 He has been in the army a soldier for three years 他参军 已有 3 年了 不用 has joined She has been up for quite some time 她起床已有好久了 不用 has got up Has your brother been away from home for a long time 离 家已有好久了吗 不用 has left sincesince forfor 都是完成时的标志词都是完成时的标志词 如 He has taught here since 1981 他自 1981 年就在这儿教书 可能还要继续教 I have t seen her for four years 我有四年没 见到她了 如单纯表示一段时间 或强调一段时间 虽有 since 一词 也不必 用完成时 ItIt isis 一段时间一段时间 since since 过去式过去式 如 It is two years since his father died His father has been dead for two years 他父亲去世已有三年了 二 过去完成时 精品文档 2欢迎下载 句中的动作发生在过去之前 过去的过去 即过去完成时动作发生 在过去的过去 过去完成时常用的时间状语有 1 by the end of last year By the end of last term we had learned 5000 new words 2 By the time sb 动词过去式 The bus had already left by the time I got there By nine o clock last night we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship 状语从句 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中 发生在前 用过去 完成时 发生在后 用一般过去时 如 when before after as soon as till until 引导的 例如 When I woke up it had already stopped raining 1 by 过去的时间点 如 I had finished reading the novel by nine o clock last night 2 by the end of 过去的时间点 如 We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term 3 before 过去的时间点 如 They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday 宾语从句中 当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时 且从句的动作先于 主句的动作时 从句要用过去完成时 在 told said knew heard thought 等动词后的宾语从句 如 She said that she had seen the film before 过去完成时 语法区别 1 过去完成时与现在完成时的区别 比较 I have learned 1000 English words so far 到目前为止我 已经学会了 1000 个英语单词 I had learned 1000 English words till then 到那时为止 我已经学会了 1000 个英语单词 2 过去完成时与一般过去时的区别 比较 They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday They arrived at the station at ten yesterday 精品文档 3欢迎下载 练习题练习题 1 Have you ever Lintong to see the Terra Cotta Warriors Yes I have A went to B gone to C been in D been to 2 My parents Shangdong for ten years A have been in B have been to C have gone to D have been 3 Both his parents look sad Maybe they what s happened to him knew have known must know will kno w 4 The famous writer one new book in the past two yea r is writing was writing wrote has written 5 Jane has to BeiJing She will come back tomorrow A been B gone C went D never been 6 It is ten years I last saw her A after B since C for D that 7 Who will go to the station to meet Lorry I will I her several times A met B have met C had met D will meet 精品文档 4欢迎下载 8 He at eight yesterday afternoon A slept B was sleeping C has sleep D had slept 9 He the car for a week A bought B has bought C has had 10 What a nice dress How long you it Just 2 weeks A will buy B did buy C are having D have had 11 When he arrived at the bus stop the bus for 20 minutes A has left B had left C has been away D had been away 12 The Smiths in China for 8 years A has lived B lived C have been D Live 13 These farmers have been to the United States Really When there will they go did they go do they go have they gone 14 He said that it was at least ten years since I a good drink A had enjoyed B was enjoying C have enjoyed D have been enjoying 15 By the end of 1976 many buildings built in the city A have been B have C had been D will 精品文档 5欢迎下载 16 Hello this is Mr Green speaking Can I speak to Mr Black Sorry He the Bainiao Park A has been to B has gone to C went to D will go to 17 It ten years since he left the army A is B was C has been D had been 18 Our country a lot so far Yes I hope it will be even has changed well changed good has changed better changed better 19 We five English songs by the end of last term A had learned B learned C have learned D will have learned 20 When Li Ming hurried home he found that his mother already to hospital A has been sent B had sent C has sent D had been sent 21 Do you know him well Sure We friends since ten years ago were have been have become have made 22 Han Mei told me she lunch so she was very hungry 精品文档 6欢迎下载 A has had B hasn t have C have had D hadn t had 23 She her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband home A has left comes B had left would come C had left came D left had come 24 The meeting when Mr Wan