三级笔译实考题.doc

人事部翻译资格考试三级笔译实务模拟题 口译笔译考试 Part 1 English-Chinese Translation (英译汉) Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET (60 points, 100 minutes).I leave the vault, and as the guard closes the door, a marine archaeologist asks if I want to see anything else. As an example he shows me an astrolabe, a navigation tool that preceded the sextant. Few have survived. We have three of the oldest known, he says. He directs me to a paper on astrolabes written by a Cuban colleague, who quoted a 16th-century instruction: He who wants to take the sun with an astrolabe at sea, must be seated near the main mast, the place where the boat oscillates the least and is quiet. I want to take the measure of Cubas past, so I tell the archaeologist I would like to go to the place where the plain things are. I am here not only to see treasures that glitter but also to see and touch objects that illumine moments of the past. Smiling, he takes me into storage rooms where he and other archaeologists preserve cargoes from four centuries of wrecks. Jumbled on these shelves is the stuff of Cubas long reign as counting house and command center for Spains New World colonies. I see knickknacks destined for one of the annual 18th-century trade fairs, where Cubans bought imports from Spain. I also see, pallid from centuries in the sea, dozens of little painted ceramic dogs, lions, cats, and deer later shipped from England. Stacked nearby are sets of dinner dishes, tankards, an hourglass, a bottle of very Old Spanish wine. On another day, in fading light, I walk the ramparts of El Morro, its lighthouse standing tall over Havanas harbor. The old fortress, by day a warren of tourist stops, changes by night, looming deeper into the shadows of Havanas past. As torches light the darkness, I watch Cuban soldiers, costumed as 18th-century Spanish sentries, march along the ramparts of the Castillo de San Carlos and fire a cannon that salutes the end of day. In Spanish times the cannon signaled the closing of the city gates and the drawing of a great chain across the harbor. Now the nightly ritual keeps open the sea-lane of memory between colonial past and present nationhood. Near the waterfront of Old Havana stands the Palace of the Captains General. Once the headquarters of the Spanish bureaucracy that governed Cuba, the palace now is the Museum of the city. Light and shadow play along its walls of coral limestone. Royal palms rustle in its lust courtyard. Up a stone stairway a gallery leads to the spacious office of Eusebio Leal Spengler, historian of the city of Havana and preserver of its past. A slight, precise man in a well-tailored dark suit, he is the obvious ruler of the palace. We had hardly shaken hands before he began rapidly talking about Havana, a city he sees simultaneously in past and present. The jewels I had viewed in the vault were about to become part of the treasure he guards for Cuba. He has selected an old fort to be their new home. This, he said with a sweep of his hand, is the city that changed history. Because of a decision by Philip all ships had to gather here to carry treasure back to Spain. And what treasure! Silk and aromatic wood from China, emeralds, silver. Part 2 Chinese-English Translation (汉译英) Translate the following passage into English and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET (40 points, 80 minutes). 原文 从19世纪40年代之后的鸦片战争、甲午战争，到庚子之乱乃至20世纪30年代的日本侵华战争，中国惨遭东西方列强的屠戮和极其野蛮的经济掠夺；再加上封建腐败和连年内乱，中国主权沦丧、生灵涂炭、国力衰弱、民不聊生。深重的灾难、惨痛的事实使中华民族深知和平之珍贵、发展之重要。这样的历史实践形成了中国人民渴望和平、企求安定的心理，坚定了中国人民走和平发展道路的信念。1949年新中国成立后，我们在发展道路上艰辛探索，既经历过成功的喜悦，也经受过失败的挫折。从1978年开始，中国开启了新的征程，从计划转向市场，从封闭转向开放，从自成一体转向融入经济全球化，走独立自主地建设中国特色社会主义的道路，取得了举世瞩目的辉煌成就。实践充分证明，坚持走和平发展的道路是正确的，既符合中国国情，又顺应时代潮流。中国将沿着这条和平发展的道路，坚定不移地走下去。考 试 大收集整理 参考译文 From the Opium War and the First Sino-Japanese War after the 1840s, Chinas War on Foreign Invaders 1900 to the Japanese War of Aggression against China in 1930s, China was subject to the butchering of the then strong powers in the West and East and their extremely barbarian economic depredation. This, coupled with feudal corruption and years of successive civil strife and chaos, led to the loss of Chinas sovereignty and the horrendous suffering of her people, her national strength failing and people barely surviving. The grave disasters and the harsh facts have ingrained deeply into the Chinese nation the value of peace and the importance of development. Such a historic experience has shaped the psychology of the Chinese people in our quest for peace and hope for stability, consolidating our belief in following a path to peaceful development. After the founding of New China in 1949, we have made arduous explorations in the course of our development, going through both the joys of success and the frustrations of failure. Starting from 1978, China has embarked on a new journey of transforming from a planned to a market economy, from cloistered up to opening up, from exclusive self-sustaining to integration into globalization. By following a path of building socialism with Chinese characteristics in an independent and self-reliant manner, we have scored glorious achievements that attracted worldwide attention. Practice has amply demonstrated that it is right to adhere to a path of peaceful development, as it conforms to both Chinas reality and the trend of the times. China will unswervingly march onward alongside this path to peaceful development.全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语三级笔译实务模拟试题Part 1 English-Chinese Translation (英译汉)Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET (60 points, 100 minutes).I leave the vault, and as the guard closes the door, a marine archaeologist asks if I want to see anything else. As an example he shows me an astrolabe, a navigation tool that preceded the sextant. Few have survived. We have three of the oldest known, he says. He directs me to a paper on astrolabes written by a Cuban colleague, who quoted a 16th-century instruction: He who wants to take the sun with an astrolabe at sea, must be seated near the main mast, the place where the boat oscillates the least and is quiet.I want to take the measure of Cubas past, so I tell the archaeologist I would like to go to the place where the plain things are. I am here not only to see treasures that glitter but also to see and touch objects that illumine moments of the past. Smiling, he takes me into storage rooms where he and other archaeologists preserve cargoes from four centuries of wrecks. Jumbled on these shelves is the stuff of Cubas long reign as counting house and command center for Spains New World colonies.I see knickknacks destined for one of the annual 18th-century trade fairs, where Cubans bought imports from Spain. I also see, pallid from centuries in the sea, dozens of little painted ceramic dogs, lions, cats, and deer later shipped from England. Stacked nearby are sets of dinner dishes, tankards, an hourglass, a bottle of very Old Spanish wine.On another day, in fading light, I walk the ramparts of El Morro, its lighthouse standing tall over Havanas harbor. The old fortress, by day a warren of tourist stops, changes by night, looming deeper into the shadows of Havanas past. As torches light the darkness, I watch Cuban soldiers, costumed as 18th-century Spanish sentries, march along the ramparts of the Castillo de San Carlos and d fire a cannon that salutes the end of day. In Spanish times the cannon signaled the closing of the city gates and the drawing of a great chain across the harbor. Now the nightly ritual keeps open the sea-lane of memory between colonial past and present nationhood.Near the waterfront of Old Havana stands the Palace of the Captains General. Once the headquarters of the Spanish bureaucracy that governed Cuba, the palace now is the Museum of the city. Light and shadow play along its walls of coral limestone. Royal palms rustle in its lust courtyard. Up a stone stairway a gallery leads to the spacious office of Eusebio Leal Spengler, historian of the city of Havana and preserver of its past. A slight, precise man in a well-tailored dark suit, he is the obvious ruler of the palace.We had hardly shaken hands before he began rapidly talking about Havana, a city he sees simultaneously in past and present. The jewels I had viewed in the vault were about to become part of the treasure he guards for Cuba. He has selected an old fort to be their new home. This, he said with a sweep of his hand, is the city that changed history. Because of a decision by Philip all ships had to gather here to carry treasure back to Spain. And what treasure! Silk and aromatic wood from China, emeralds, silver.Part 2 Chinese-English Translation (汉译英)Translate the following passage into English and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET (40 points, 80 minutes).中国海洋事业的发展海洋覆盖了地球表面的71%，是全球生命支持系统的一个基本组成部分，也是资源的宝库，环境的重要调节器。人类社会的发展必然会越来越多地依赖海洋。二十一世纪是人类开发利用海洋的新世纪。维护联合国海洋法公约确定的国际海洋法律原则，维护海洋健康，保护海洋环境，确保海洋资源的可持续利用和海上安全，已成为人类共同遵守的准则和共同担负的使命。中国是一个发展中的沿海大国。中国高度重视海洋的开发和保护，把发展海洋事业作为国家发展战略，加强海洋综合管理，不断完善海洋法律制度，积极发展海洋科学技术和教育。中国积极参与联合国系统的海洋事务，推进国家间和地区性海洋领域的合作，并认真履行自己承担的义务，为全球海洋开发和保护事业作出了积极贡献。Freed by warming, /waters once locked beneath ice are gnawing（咬、侵蚀） at coastal settlements（村落）/around the Arctic Circle（北极圈）.In Bykovsky（）, a village of 457 people on Russias northeast coast, the shoreline is collapsing, /creeping（爬行） closer and closer to houses and tanks（大容器） of heating oil（采暖用油）, /at a rate of 15 to 18 feet a year.It is practically all ice permafrost（永久冻土） - and it is thawing（融化）. For the four million people /who live north of the Arctic Circle, a changing climate presents new opportunities. But it also threatens their environment, their homes and, for those /whose traditions rely on the ice-bound wilderness, /the preservation of their culture.A push to develop the North, /quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries its own rewards and dangers for people in the region. The discovery of vast petroleum（石油） fields in the Barents and Kara Seas /has raised fears of catastrophic accidents /as ships loaded with oil and, soon, liquefied（液化的） gas churn（作动词搅动翻腾） /through the fisheries off Scandinavia, /headed to markets in Europe and North America. Land that was untouched could be tainted by pollution /as generators（发电机）, smokestacks（大烟囱） and large vehicles sprout（发芽、发展） to support the growing energy industry.Coastal erosion is a problem in Alaska （阿拉斯加）as well, forcing the United States to prepare to relocate several Inuit（因纽特人/爱斯基摩人） villages /at a projected（计划的） cost of $100 million or more for each one.Across the Arctic, indigenous（本地的） tribes with traditions /shaped by centuries of living in extremes of cold and ice are noticing changes in weather and wildlife. They are trying to adapt, but it can be confounding（不知所措、困惑）.In Finnmark（）, Norways northernmost province, the Arctic landscape unfolds in late winter /as an endless snowy plateau（高原）, silent but for the cries of the reindeer /and the occasional whine（鸣叫） of a snowmobile（摩托雪橇） herding（放牧） them.A changing Arctic is feelt there, too. The reindeer are becoming unhappy, said Eira, a 31-year-old reindeer herder.Few countries rival Norway /when it comes to protecting the environment and preserving indigenous customs. The state has lavished（过分慷慨、浪费） its oil wealth on the region, /and Sami（萨米人） culture has enjoyed something of a renaissance（文艺复兴）.And yet no amount of government support can convince Eira that his livelihood, /intractably（strongly） entwined(使缠绕) with the reindeer, is not about to change. Like a Texas cattleman, he keeps the size of his herd secret. But he said warmer temperatures in fall and spring were melting the top layers