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第一单元Welcome back!一、 教法建议抛砖引玉单元双基学习目标.词汇学习: welcome,first,lesson,so,place,paper,call,time,next,long,short,tall,third,shop,fourth, a piece of, next time, sir, term, this term, may, matter, second .语法学习:复习和巩固现在进行时。 .交际用语: Welcome back to school! May I have/borrow,please? Certainly! Here, take this one. May I come in, please? Im sorry, Im late. it doesnt matter. Please dont call me Lily.指点迷津单元重点词汇点拨 1.welcome 欢迎 We received a warm welcome.我们受到了热烈的欢迎。 【点拨】 1)注意该单词既可作名词,也可作动词、感叹词及形容词使用。 2)该词用作动词的过去式及过去分词应是welcomed,不能用come,came,come。 3)英语口语中,You are welcome.是作为对Thank you.的礼貌答语。其含义是“不必客气”,而不应理解为“你是受欢迎的”。如: Thank you very much for the book.非常感谢你给我这本书。 You are welcome.不用谢。 2.first 第一 The first lesson is very easy.第一课很容易。 【点拨】该词除作序数词“第一”外,也可作副词,表“最初,最先,初次”等,也可作名词“第一名(日)”。如:at first首先,first of all最重要的是。 First of all we have to get enough food to eat. 3.lesson 课,功课 Each lesson lasts 40 minutes. We have an English lesson every day.我们每天都有一节英语课。 【点拨】该词可作名词“教训”讲。如: Ill teach him a lesson sooner or later.早晚我要教训他一顿。 What lesson have you learned from this story? 4.so 因此,所以 I had a headache,so went to see a doctor. 【点拨】 1)该词除作连词外,也可作为副词表程度“如此,这么,那么。” 2)该词作连词时不能与because连用,不能说:Because he was ill,so he didnt come. 5.paper 纸 Give me a piece of paper.给我一张报纸。 I want a paper bag.我想要一个纸袋。 【点拨】该词作“纸”讲,是不可数名词,作“报纸,试卷,考卷,论文”讲,是可数名词。如: an exam paper 一份考试卷,an evening paper一张晚报。如果表示一张纸、两张纸则用: a piece of paper和two pieces of paper. 6.call 1)大声说,喊,叫 Please go and call him. She called out for help. 2)给某人打电话 Call me any time.随时打电话给我。 I called her this evening but she was out. 3)称呼,叫(名),取名 His name is Robert,but we call him Robble.他的名字叫罗伯特,但我们叫他罗宾。 4)请来,召唤,呼唤 You should call a doctor.你去请一个医生。 5)看望,拜访,访问 He called on Mr.Smith.他拜访了史密斯先生。 6)呼喊,叫声,喊声 Did you hear a call in the woods? 7)打电话,通话 I received a (telephone) call just now. 8)(短时间的)拜访,访问 He has several calls to make. 【点拨】词组call on “拜访”后跟“人”作宾词,call at “拜访”后跟“地点”作宾词。 7.may可以,可能,也许 May I come in?我能进来吗? The train may be late.火车也许晚点。 It may be the police.可能是警察来了。 【点拨】 1)may是情态动词,后面接不带to的动词不定式,无人称变化;没有第三人称单数的+s形式。 2)may还可以表示祝愿,如: May you be happy!祝你幸福! May you live long!祝你长寿! 3)May作名词时是“五月”之意,要大写。 8.matter 事情,问题,毛病,麻烦事 It is only a matter of money.这只不过是个钱的问题。 Theres something the matter with my bike.我的自行车有些毛病。 Whats the matter with you?你怎么啦?(指困难、故障、身体不适等) 【点拨】该词作“要紧,有重大关系”讲时,主要作于否定句、疑问句和条件句。如: What does it matter?这有什么关系? It doesnt matter.没有关系。 9.second 1)第二(个) This is the second longest river in the country.这条河是这个国家的第二条最长的河流。 We live on the second floor.我们住在二楼。 I read the book for the second time.我第二次读这本书。 2)第二位人(物),(月的)第二日,(时间)秒 She got a second in the examination.她考了第二名。 Today is May the second.今天是5月2日。 【点拨】该词表序数是“the second”,如果说“a second”不是表顺序,而是作“再一,又一”讲。 10.long长,长的(距离,时间等) Is it long or short?它是长的还是短的? He took a long time to get there. Its about four feet long.大约有四英尺长。 Its a long way from here to there. 【点拨】该词可作副词“长,长久”讲。 Wait a little longer,please. I cant wait much longer.我没能等那么长. How long are you going to stay here?你要在那儿等多久? 11.short短的,矮的 Lucy has short black hair. Lucy是短短的黑头发。 Mr.Jones is a short man.琼斯先生是个矮个男人。 【点拨】该词作“短的”讲时,反义词是“long”;作“矮的”讲时,反义词是“tall”。 12.pair一对,一双,一副 He bought a pair of glasses.他买了一副眼镜。 【点拨】pair可作量词用。如:a pair of shoes一双鞋,a pair of trousers一条裤子。 13.shop购物,买东西 When will you go shopping?你什么时候去买东西? Mary shopped all morning for new skirts.玛丽为买新裙子用了整整一个上午。 【点拨】该词还可作名词“商店,店铺”讲。 The shop is shout (or closed).这家店已经关门。单元词组思维运用 1.a piece of 一张(块、片、条等) 【提示】piece作量词时,在不同的场合有不同的译法。如:three pieces of chalk三支铅笔,a piece of coal 一块煤,a piece of (good,bad)news一则(好,坏)消息,a piece of advice一则忠告(建议),a piece of music一支乐曲。 2.not at all不用谢,完全不,一点也不 【提示】介词短语,由not+介词短语“at all”构成。 1)会话时可独立使用,表示“不用谢”,“不必客气”。常用在你为别人做了好事或帮了人家的忙,人家表示感谢你时,你可这样回答。 2)在句子中用作状语,与谓词动词构成否定式,表示“一点不”。如: Thank you for helping me.谢谢你帮助我。 Not at all.(=You are welcome.)不用谢。 3.this (that,last,next,every)time这(那,上,下,每)次 It doesnt matter this time. But come to school earlier next time. I didnt see you last time. I met him several times. This is my first time to go this way.这是我第一次走这条路。 【提示】“一次”用once,“两次”用twice,“三次”以上则用times. I go home once a week. I have read the book twice 4.let sb.do something.让某人做某事。let后面的动词不定式省略to作宾语补足语。 lets watch the football match.让我们去看足球比赛吧。 let me do it ,will you?让我来干,好吗? 5.come to 来到 【提示】动词语,to为介词。 I come to school at seven,Classes begin at eight.我七点到学校,八点钟开始上课。 As he came to a bridge,he heard a cry for help.当他来到一座桥时,他听到一声“救命”的叫声。 Come to our new factory,Ill show you around.请到我们新厂来,我带你参观。 6.be late 迟了,晚了 He was late yesterday.昨天他来晚了。 The train was ten minutes late.火车晚了十分钟。 You are late three minutes.你迟到了三分钟。 【提示】be late for 做(干)迟了,晚了 I am late for school.我上学迟到了。 She is never late for school.她上学从不迟到。 Dont be late for the meeting.不要开会迟到。二、学海导航学法指要单元句型思维明晰 1.It doesnt matter.没关系(不要紧)。 It doesnt matter this time.这一次没有关系。 1)It doesnt matter 不是连接词组,它可以用在一个单独的句子里,句中的matter是动词,意思是“关系重大,要紧”。如: I am afraid I may be a little late.我恐怕会来晚一点。 It doesnt matter.没关系(不要紧)。 It doesnt matter at all.这毫无关系(无关紧要)” 2)It doesnt matter.在口语中,相当于no matter.如: He has lost his key to the door.他毛了门的钥匙。 No matter,I can let you in.没关系,我能让你们进去。 3)如果是“很要紧”,可以说:It matter very much. 2.May I (have,borrow)please?句型 May I have a piece of paper,please?我可以拿张纸用吗? May I borrow a book?我可以借一本书吗? 1)May I?意思是:“我可以吗?”表示请求或建议,语气比较客气。如: May I help you?要我帮忙吗? May I carry your bag?我替你拿包好吗? 2)在表示允许时,may和can的意思相近。如: May (Can) I come in?我可以进来吗? 3)对May I (have ,borrow,help)的问句,肯定回答用:Yes,please./Certainly,of course/Please do.等。否定回答是:No,you must not.或No,please dont.而不用No,you may not.如: May I smoke here?我能在这里抽烟吗? Yes,please.可以,请吧? No,Please dont,不,请不要抽烟。单元难点疑点释疑 1.Welcome back to school!欢迎同学们返校! 许多场合中,口语或标语用感叹句句型,只需用简单几个词来表示某种感情。 1)此处的welcome是感叹词,多用于标语、口语中,是主人对客人表示欢迎的用语。 Welcome to China!欢迎到中国来! Welcome home!欢迎您回来! 2)welcome作形容词用,意为“受欢迎的”。如: You are welcome at my house.欢迎你到我家来。 He is welcome to visit our country.欢迎他来访问我国。 注意:You are welcom.还可用作对感谢的回答,相当于Not at all.(不必客气、不用谢)。如: Thanks a lot.谢谢你. You are welcome.不必客气。 还要注意:在back to school中,school前面没有冠词,意思是学生回校学习。如果欢迎客人来校参观,则说: Welcome to our school!欢迎我们学校参观! 2.Im your new teacher this term.这学期我们的新老师。 句中this term是时间状语,这类短语还有:last week上周,this week本周,every day 每天,every year每年。 3.This is our first lesson,so I dont know all your names.这是第一堂课,因此我不知道你们的姓名。 1)first为序数词,意思是“第一”,second第二,third第三。 2)句中so是连词,连接两个并列句。从内容实质来讲,这两句存在因果关系。这句可以改写成: I dont know all your names because this is our first lesson. 4.I have them on this piece of paper.在这张花名册上,我们你们的姓名。 1)them指上文中all your names. 2)this piece of paper意为这张纸,即“花名册”。paper是不可数名词,和表示单位的词组连用,如:a piece of paper一张纸,a cups of tea 一杯茶。 变为复数则为:two pieces of paper两张纸,three cups of tea三杯茶。 5.Now let me call your names.现在让我来点名。 1)let sb.do sth. let 后面省掉不定式符号to,不定式作宾语补足语。如: Let me help you.让我来帮助你。 Let us watch the football match.让我们看足球比赛吧。 2)call your names 点名。call是动词,有“叫,称呼”的意思,如: Please dont call me Mrs Lee,call me Miss Lee.别称我李太太,叫我李小姐吧。 6.May I come in?我可以进来吗? 1)句中may与can一样是情态动词,may用来表示请求对方。如: May I go home now?我现在可以回家吗? May I borrow your bike?我可以借你的自行车吗? 2)对“May I?句型的肯定回答,可以说:Yes,you may./Yes,please./OK./Sure./All right./Certainly.否定回答是:No,you cant./No,you mustnt.也可说Sorry,Im afraid I cant lend you. 7.It doesnt matter this time.这次没关系。 It doesnt matter是用来回答别人道歉的用语。如: Im afraid I cant come.我恐怕不能来。 It doesnt matter.没关系。 8.But come to school earlier next time.但下次请早点到校。 1)earlier是early的比较级,由early中y变为i再+er构成,表示“较早,早点。” 2)next time 下次。还有其他词组:next week下周,next year明年,next century下世纪。 9.Excuse me. May I have a piece of paper,please?请问能给我一张纸吗? 1)excuse me是向别人借东西、问路时的委婉用语。如: Excuse me,can you tell me where to the post office?请问,你能告诉我去邮局怎么走吗? 2)May I have,May I borrow是用来向别人借东西的句型。如: May I have this piece of paper,please?我可以拿这张纸用吗? 3)have用法很灵活,如:have a rest体息一会儿,have supper吃晚餐,have a meeting 开会。 10.Certain.Here you are!当然可以,给你! Certainly相当于OK.或of course.表示当然可以。如: May I borrow your book?我能借你的书吗? Certainly.当然可以。 11.lesson与class的区别 这两个名在表示45分钟的“一节课”时是同义词,一般可以相互换用。如:We have four English lessons(classes)every week.每周我们上四节英语课。 注意:在以下情况下也有区别,不可换用: 1)当表示“第几课”时,习惯上用lesson而不用class。如: Lets read the first lesson.咱们读第一课吧。 2)如果说“开始上课”,通常用class而不用lesson。如: Classes begin at 8:00 in the morning.上午8点开始上课。 3)class还可以作“班级”,“同学们”,“阶级”讲,而lesson无此意。如: Our school has fifty classes.我们学校有50个班级。 Good morning, class!同学们,早上好! 4)lesson可以作“功课”,“教训”讲,而class则不能。如: I can help you with your lesson.我能帮你学习功课。 另外,还必须注意下列lesson和class的固定搭配:do ones lessons做功课,give lessons to 给上课,after(before)class课后(前),in class在课堂上。 12.Excuse me.和Im sorry.的区别 Excuse me.和Im sorry.虽然都有“对不起,请原谅”的意思,但用法不同。 1)Excuse me.主要用于下列场合: (1)问事、问路时。 Excuse me, may I borrow a pencil, please?对不起,我能借一支铅笔吗? Excuse me,which is the way to the bus stop?对不起,请问到汽车站怎么走? (2)和人交谈过程中,要出去一会儿或做一点别的事时。 Excuse me,just a moment.对不起,请等一下。 (3)表示异议、客气地纠正人家的话时。 Excuse me,what you said was wrong.对不起,你讲错了。 (4)打喷嚏、打嗝时。 2)Im sorry./Sorry.常用于做错了事之后或不能满足对方的要求时,表示歉意。 May I come in,please?Im sorry Im late.我能进来吗?对不起我来晚了。 Sorry,Lucy.You look the same.对不起,Lucy.你看起来没什么变化。 Sorry.或Im sorry.还可用于其他场合。如:代替no,表示委婉否定,或表示同情。 Will you please give this note to Tom?你把这个便条给Tom,好吗? Sorry,I wont be able to see him today.对不起,我今天见不到他。 Im sorry to hear that.听到这个消息我很难过。妙文赏析(1) Tom White was a famous American pianist.Once while he was waiting for his concert to seart, a well-dressed young lady come to him. “Dear tom,I dont have a ticket for your concert.Could you arrange a seat for me?Any seat will do.”said the young lady. “Im sorry madam.I have just been given one seat.”answered Tom. “Oh,but cant you do me a favour and let me have that seat?”asked the lady eagerly. Tom smiled and said,“All right,madam,Ill offer you the seat if you wouldnt mind.” “Oh course,I wouldnt.Its so kind of you.Please show me the seat.Where is it?” “By the piano.” 【赏析】本文主要讲述了Tom和他的座位。不难看出,Tom很幽默,他会把他的座位让给那个lady吗?(2) I went into the managers(经理)office and sat down.I just lost(丢失)$ 50 and I felt very unhappy.“I left my money in my room.I said.and its not there now.”The manager felt very sorry for me,but he could do nothing.“Everyones losing money these days,”he said.He started to say that this was a bad world(世界).Just then a girl came in and put a bag on his desk.It had $ 50 in it.“I found this outside this mans room.”she said.“Well,”I said to the manager,“There are still some good people in this world!” 【赏析】该文章表明了这个世界不像这个经理认为的那样坏。同学们,你们认为是这样的吗?你们又是怎样看待这个世界的呢?思维体操 选择下列句中划线词的用法并翻译句子: (1)time A.作不可数名词时,表示“时间 B.作可数名词,表示“次数”。 1.Please be here earlier next time.( ) 。 2.Dont take it this time. ( ) 。 3.Its time to go home. ( ) 。 4.Whats the time now? ( ) 。 (2)class A.表示“班级的全体成员” B.表示“班级、班。 1.The class are having their Chinese lessons.( ) 。 2.Good morning,class. ( ) 。 3.Lily and lucy are in class2. ( ) 。 4.I love our class. ( ) 。 【参考答案】 (1)1.B。请下一次来早点。 2.B。这次不要把它拿走。 3.A。到回家时间了。4.A。现在什么时间了。 (2)1.A。同学们正在上语文课。2.A。同学们,早上好。3.B。lily和Lucy在二班 4.B。我爱我们的班级。三、智能显示心中有数单元语法发散思给现在进行时小结 1.表示此时此刻(说话瞬间)的动作正在发生或进行,常与now,look,listen等指示性的连词用。如: Kate is writing now.凯特正在写字。 Listen!Lin Tao is singing in the next room.听!林涛正在隔壁的房间里唱歌。 2.表示现在这一阶段正在进行的动作,常与表示一段时间的状语连用。如: Were having the school sports this week.这一周我们在举行校运动会。 3.现在进行时有可时可用来表示一个在最近按计划或安排将要进行的动作,常与一个表示未来时间的状语连用。这一用法仅限于某些动词,如:go,come,leave,start,等。如: Liu Mei is comeing here this evening.刘梅今晚来这儿。 Im leaving tomorrow afternoon.我准备明天午后动身。 4.现在进行时与always,constantly等词连用时,带有赞叹、厌烦等感情色彩。如: He is alway thinking of his work.他总是想着他的工作。(表赞许) She is always boasting.她老爱说大话。(表厌烦)5.表示状态、感觉、结果、情感、愿望的动词,如hear,see,like,love,know,want,have(有),be(是)等,一般不用于现在进行时,即使表示说话时这些动作正在进行,也常用一般现在时。如: I like English.我喜欢英语。(不能说Im liking English.) He has a brother and a sister.他有一个哥哥和一个姐姐。(不能说He is having a brother and a sister.)动脑动手单元能力立体检测 .要点分析: 1.Welcome back home. A.to B./ C.at 2.I wrote it a piece of paper. A.at B.in C.with D.on 3.Lesson One is of this term. A.a first lesson B.lesson first C.the first lesson D.Lesson First 4.May I have some ,please? A.apple B.milk C.pear D.cake 5.My father is now. A.go to shopping B.doing shopping C.going the shopping D.shopping 【参考答案】 1.B。虽然welcome back to 是固定搭配,指“欢迎回到”,但home为副词,故省略前面的to。 2.D。“在纸上”要用介词on,而“用笔”则需用with。 3.C。通常在名词后使用基数词,而名词前用序数词作定语,同时序数词在使用时要与“the”连用,且不需大写第一个字母。 4.B。some意为“一些”,后应跟可数名词复数或不可数名词,因为所给答案中的可数名词均为单数,因此只能选择不可数名词milk。 5.D。shop表动作时不及物,意为“买东西”,固定短语有:do the/some shopping, go shopping,A、B、C选项中的搭配均不正确,故选D与前面的is构成现在进行时。 .关键句型强化训练: 1.欢迎来中国! China! 2.欢迎回到北京! Beijing! 3.我可以问你一些问题吗? ask you ? 4.对不起,我迟到了。 being late. 5.对不起,我不能同你一起去。 I cant go . 6.我们叫他小李。 We Xiao Li. 7.不要叫我莉莉。 Lily. 8.让我看一看。 a look. 9.让我们来帮你。 us . 【参考答案】 1.Welcome to 2.Welcome back to 3.May I, some questions 4.Im sorry for 5.Im sorry ,but,with you 6.call him 7.Dont call me 8.Let me have 9.Let, help you创新园地 根据所给句子选择正确回答: 1.May I borrow your pen? ( ) 2.Sorry,I cant help you. ( ) 3.Do you have an eraser? ( ) 4.What are you doing? ( ) 5.Please dont call me lily.I am lucy. ( ) 6.Whos trousers are these? ( ) 7.Is Polly eating something? ( ) 8.what are the two men doing? ( ) 9.How many girls are there in your classroom?( ) 10.Who has a green coat? ( ) A.It doesnt matter. B.They are shopping. C.Yes,I do. D.Certainly! E.They are Jims. F.Twenty. G.No,she isnt. H.Han Meimei has. I.We are playing basketball J.Sorr,you look the same. 【参考答案】1.D 2.A 3.C 4.I 5.J 6.E 7.G 8.B 9.F 10.H二、 同步题库三、 .找出划线部分读音与所给词划线部分读音相同的词: 1.borrow A.now B.brown C.how D.know ( ) 2.family A.ask B.cant C.after D.have ( ) 3.clear A.learn B.hear C.early D.earlier ( ) 4.there A.fourth B.third C.thank D.them ( ) 5.why A.yes B.your C.yellow D.fly ( ) .按要求写出下列各句划线词的相应形式,完整句子: 1.Today well learn Lesson one.(序数词) Today Well learn the lesson. 2.Do you want a long ruler?No,I want a one.(反义词) 3.She is in the shop.She is for shoes.(动词形式) 4.Hes short,but his brother is .(反义词) 5.Its early now.Come here next time.(比较级) .选择题: 1.Would you like ? A.two cup of tea B.two cups to tea C.two cups of teas D.two cups tea 2.His sister shoes in a factory. A.dose B.makes C.works D.has 3.What on Saturdays? A.does Kate often do B.do Kate often does C.Kate often does D.does Keate often 4.Look after and
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