昆明理工大学2011级平台作业(五)Microsoft Word 文档.doc

Part One Building up Your Vocabulary and Grammar1. Archer had always been to think that chance and circumstance played a small part in shaping peoples lots. 1. a) A. declined B. inclined C. subjected D. submitted2. Theres been a decline in the standard of living over the past few years. 2. a) A. continual B. vertical C. constant D. progressive3. The plumber is coming tomorrow to the new washing machine. 3. a) A. equip B. fix C. install D. decorate4. She is about her chances of winning a gold medal. 4. a) A. optimistic B. enjoyable C. agreeable D. realistic5. To a , it is possible to educate oneself. 5. a) A. extent B. degree C. range D. level6. They endured hours of backbreaking work in conditions. 6. a) A. favorable B. feasible C. miserable D. tolerable7. He just laughed and my proposal as unrealistic. 7. a) A. discarded B. discharged C. dismissed D. disgusted8. After the arrival of the United Nations soldiers, tension in the area began to . 8. a) A. cease B. ease C. loosen D. release9. In the event of fire, the alarm will sound at of 15 seconds. 9. a) A. spans B. periods C. sessions D. intervals10. She into his tray, knocking the food onto his lap. 10. a) A. bumped B. knocked C. hit D. struck11. Intelligence and good humor are among his personality . 11. a) A. trends B. tendencies C. properties D. traits12. The explosion was of such that it was heard five miles away. 12. a) A. density B. activity C. intensity D. relativity13. Evidence out the idea that students learn best in small groups. 13. a) A. works B. figures C. makes D. bears 14. It cant be a coincidence that they left at the same time. 14. a) A. mere B. just C. only D. barely15. Young children sometimes cant distinguish between and reality. 15. a) A. illusion B. fantasy C. visualization D. visionPart Two Fast ReadingThe Road to SuccessSometimes it takes a short conversation with a single individual to turn preconceptions and fixed ideas completely on their heads. This happened to me. The editor asked me to write a piece about athletes with disabilities top sportsmen and women who have overcome the odds and excelled. But I didnt know where to start. Sure, there are many inspiring stories about stars who despite the loss of a limb, or some physical or psychological drawback have excelled in their chosen field. But there is more to overcoming disability than excelling in the teeth of difficulties, and this is where my own education occurred. And it was thanks to a straight-talking individual called Andy Scott. Polio (小儿麻痹症) as an infant left Andy disabled, and the loss of his parents at an early age were blows that not many people would recover from easily. But Andy used this hard base as a bedrock on which to build. In a sporting career that spanned more than 20 years, Scott held 13 world records. He became the youngest World Record Holder in Paralympic history when, at age 15, he smashed the 50-metre breaststroke swimming record at the 1968 Paralympics, held in Tel Aviv, Israel. “I came from a very difficult family background,” he says. “Sport was the only thing I had to hold on to. In the water I felt a tremendous sense of equality.”“Successful disabled athletes refuse to be defined by their disability,” according to Andy. “They all have one thing in common they are achievers, no matter what their impairment or disability may be. In the overall view, none of these things actually matters. Like anyone else, they have found the niche in which they wish to excel, and they have excelled.”The truly ground-breaking revelation to me was we all have disabilities of some sort whether they are physical or mental. Some people have a crippling lack of confidence or self-worth, others are recovering from a business crash or personal tragedy. Possibly we all should look at the way disabled people have overcome their disabilities and apply those lessons to our own lives. Take Natalie du Toit as an excellent example. In 2000 at the age of 16 she was burning up the swimming scene, with a number of smashed records and Olympic hopes. But in 2001 she was involved in a motorcycle accident and was forced to lose a leg. But and this is the amazing part it didnt make any difference to her goals. “Losing my leg didnt change anything,” she says. “I still hoped to qualify for the Olympics.” It is sheer determination that has led to her awards too many to list and the fact that she made sporting history by being the first athlete with a disability to qualify for an able-bodied freestyle swimming event (800 metres) in the 2002 Commonwealth Games in Manchester. She didnt get the gold, but she got a standing ovation when she emerged from the pool. Unbelievably, Natalie has recently achieved her dream of qualifying for the 2008 Beijing Olympics in the open water swimming event. This together with her attendance at the Paralympic programme will ensure Natalie is on track for a unique Olympic double.“My mother tells me that at birth the doctor said I would suffer from a serious lack of quality of life and that she should consider giving me up for adoption,” says Ernst van Dyk, current world champion wheelchair racer and the new world champion in handcycling (a specially modified bicycle). “I use these words to fuel the flame of victory inside me,” he laughs.Ernst, who had a congenital birth defect that cost him his legs, is a bit of an anomaly: an athlete who wins constantly (he has been a consistent world champion for the last six years and has broken 24 world records) in a discipline that is rarely practised in his home country (in South Africa, there are only two wheelchair marathons). Not only was Ernst nominated as South Africas Ambassador to the International Paralympic Committee, but he currently holds the most records worldwide in his field. Moreover, he has won the Boston Marathon six times in a row between 2001 and 2006, crashing out in 2007, only to regain his crown in 2008. To put that achievement in perspective, this race is widely regarded as the Wimbledon of wheelchair racing. Not surprisingly, Ernst was named the Sportsperson of the Year with a Disability at the Laureus World Awards in 2006.Jenna Higgins breaks world records the way most of us have hot breakfasts. The Durban-based swimmer showed potential from an early age: “Living by the sea,” says her mother Barbara, “Jenna was always in the water. By the age of five I realized she had talent and took her for lessons.” The lessons led to a place in the Special Olympics at the age of eight, and Jennas rise in the world of swimming has been meteoric. Jenna was born with Downs Syndrome (a genetic disorder) and a severe heart defect. But determination and a love of the sport saw Jenna begin to win international accolades. In 2006 she was widely regarded as the best in the world and consequently was named the Disabled Sportswoman of the Year at the South African Sport Awards. She currently holds 17world records. “I like the feeling of the water when I swim,” says Jenna, speaking slowly but with enormous passion. “Swimming is my best thing in the whole world. I like winning gold medals.” Lombard is amazingly nonchalant about his loss. “I have a much more positive outlook on life now than before I lost my leg,” he says. “I see things as a challenge, but of course within certain boundaries. Ironically, when able-bodied people see you overcoming your disability, they too are encouraged to deal with their own lifes problems.” Lombard has recently retired from active sport, but will continue behind the scenes. “I am determined to give back to the sport and the disabled athletes of South Africa. I want to pass on my experience and the information I have learned, in order to help others achieve their best. I believe everything is possible. Just never say “never.” The indelible achievements of these athletes would be remarkable in any sphere, but they have three things in common: They have not treated their disability as their defining characteristic and instead have regarded it as merely an obstacle to overcome, in the same way that other people deal with a business crash, bereavement or a divorce. In other words, it is an enormous setback, it slows you down and it might temporarily crush you, but in the greater scheme of things you get over it and move on. Secondly, they have opened another door when their first choice was denied them. In other words, their original life goals might have received a setback, but they have found a way round the obstacles and achieved glory anyway. And thirdly, they have all walked a furrow that has been plowed for them.One thing is certain, how we tackle the problems we face, defines us. If youre facing an unforeseen obstacle, take heart from the examples set by these athletes theyve looked down the barrel of despair, and have overcome great trials in order to succeed at the highest levels. Importantly, you can too. (1231 words)16. The writer was educated about _. 16. A. how the disabled athletes achieved successB. how the disabled athletes overcame disabilityC. how to express thanks to othersD. how to communicate with athletes with disabilities17. According to Andy, successful disabled athletes _. 17. A. firmly believe that they can achieve success despite their disabilitiesB. feel sorry for being confined by their disabilitiesC. refuse to talk about their disabilitiesD. refuse to be discriminated against18. The important revelation to the writer was that _. 18. A. we should never lose our confidenceB. we improve our self-worth.C. all of us have physical or mental disabilities of some sort.D. we should learn to cope with personal tragedy19. Which of the following statements about Natalie du Toit is not true? 19. A. She lost her leg in a motorcycle accident.B. She was not affected by loss of her leg.C. Her great determination contributed to her success. D. She was the first disabled woman to get the gold medal in the freestyle swimming event.20. Ernst van Dyk was characterized by his _. 20. A. optimismB. pessimismC. anomalyD. kindness21. Which of the following statements about Jenna is not true? 21. A. She had a talent for swimming at an early age. B. Her mother gave her swimming lessons. C. She was born with a heart disease. D. Her determination and love of swimming contributed to her success22. It can be inferred that Lombaards attitude towards his loss of leg is _. 22. A. indifferent B. pessimistic C. concerned D. ironicalPart ThreeDirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.No one knows exactly how many disabled people there are in the world, but 23 23. suggest the figure is over 450 million. The number of disabled people in India alone is probably more than double the total population of Canada. In the United Kingdom, about one in ten people have some disability. Disability is not just something that happens to other people. As we get older, many of us will become less 24 24. , hard of hearing or have 25 25. eyesight. Disablement can take many forms and occur at any time of life. Some people are born with disabilities. Many others become disabled as they get older. There are many 26 26. disabling diseases. The longer time goes on, the 27 27. they become. Some people are disabled in accidents. Many others may have a period of disability in the form of a mental illness. All are affected by peoples attitude towards them. Disabled people face many 28 28. barriers. Next time you go shopping or to work or visit friends, imagine how you would manage if you could not get up steps, or on to buses and trains. How would you 29 29. if you could not see where you were going or could not hear the traffic. But there are other barriers: prejudice can be even harder to break down and ignorance inevitably 30 30. by far the greatest barrier of all. It is almost impossible for the able-bodied to fully 31 31. what the severely disabled go through, so it is important to draw attention to these barriers and show that it is the individual person and their ability, not their disability, which 32 32. .A appreciate F values K worse B perceive G failing L copeC physical H compete M estimates D mental I mobile N active E counts J represents O progressive Part FourDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 33 to 37 are based on the following passage.Ask Steveland Morris and hell tell you that blindness is not necessarily disabling. Steveland was born prematurely and totally without sight in 1950. He became Stevie Wonder a composer, singer, and pianist. As the winner of ten Grammy awards, Stevie is widely acclaimed for his outstanding contributions to the music world.As a child, Stevie learned not to think about the things he could not do, but to concentrate on the things that he could do. His parents encouraged him to join his sighted brothers in as many activities as possible. They also helped him to sharpen his sense of hearing, the sense upon which the visually disabled are so dependent.Because sound was so important to him, Stevie began at an early age to experiment with different kinds of sound. He would bang things together and then imitate the sound with his voice. Often relying on sound for entertainment, he sang, beat on toy drums, played a toy harmonica, and listened to the radio.Stevie soon graduated from toy instruments to real instruments. He first learned to play the drums. He then mastered the harmonica and the piano. He became a member of the junior church choir and a lead singer. In the evenings and on weekends, Stevie would play different instrument and sing popular rhythm and blues tunes on the front porches of his neighbors homes.One of Stevies sessions was overheard by Ronnie White, a member of a popular singing group called The Miraches. Ronnie immediately recognized Stevies talent and took him to audition(试演，试唱) for Berry Gordy, the president of Hitsville USA, a large recording company now known as Motown. Stevie recorded his first smash hit “Fingertips” in 1962 at age 12, and the rest of Stevies story is music history.33This passage could be entitled _. 33. AThe Music World BStevie Wonder CA Great Musician DBlind People34Which of the following is NOT true about Stevies childhood? 34. AStevie often tells people that a blind person is not necessarily disabled BHe learnt to concentrate on things that he could do CHe played as often as possible with his brothers, who had normal sight DHe tried very hard to train his sense of hearing35By saying “Stevie soon graduated from toy instruments to real instruments”, the author means that _. 35. AStevie finished his study at a toy instruments school BStevie began to study in a real instruments school CStevie gave up all his toy instruments and began to buy many real instruments DStevie started to play real instruments36The author mentions all the following facts EXCEPT that _. 36. AStevies neighbors could often enjoy his playing and singing Bit was Ronnie White that recognized Stevies talent and led him to a successful career CBerry Cordy helped him to set up his own recording company DStevies parents played a very important part in training his sense of hearing37The “Fingertips” _. 37. Arecorded Stevies musical performance that won him instant fame Bwas a record that turned out to be a great success Ccarried the message that the blind could work miracles with their fingertips Dall of the above复合式听写Directions:In this part, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space. Remember you will hear the