EIGRP非等价负载均衡.docx

非等价负载均衡如图：R1通过R2到R3走的是Serial线路。R1通过R4到R3走的是Ethernet线路。因此是非等价的。通常在这种情况下，路由表中只有R1-R4-R3一条路由。现在我们通过非等价负载均衡的办法，将两条路由都放进路由表中。环境配置R1Routerenable Router#configure terminal Router(config)#hostname r1r1(config)#line console 0r1(config-line)#logging synchronous r1(config-line)#exec-timeout 0r1(config-line)#exitr1(config)#interface loopback 0r1(config-if)#ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0r1(config-if)#exitr1(config)#interface serial 1/2r1(config-if)#ip address 12.12.12.1 255.255.255.252r1(config-if)#no shutdown r1(config-if)#exitr1(config)#interface ethernet 0/0r1(config-if)#ip address 12.12.12.9 255.255.255.252r1(config-if)#no shutdown r1(config-if)#exitr1(config)#router eigrp 1r1(config-router)#network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.255r1(config-router)#network 12.12.12.1 0.0.0.3r1(config-router)#network 12.12.12.9 0.0.0.3r1(config-router)#no auto-summary r1(config-router)#exitr1(config)#exitR2Routerenable Router#configure terminal Router(config)#hostname r2r2(config)#line console 0r2(config-line)#logging synchronous r2(config-line)#exec-timeout 0r2(config-line)#exitr2(config)#interface loopback 0r2(config-if)#ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0r2(config-if)#exitr2(config)#interface serial 1/3r2(config-if)#ip address 12.12.12.2 255.255.255.252r2(config-if)#no shutdown r2(config-if)#exitr2(config)#interface serial 1/2r2(config-if)#ip address 12.12.12.5 255.255.255.252r2(config-if)#no shutdown r2(config-if)#exitr2(config)#router eigrp 1r2(config-router)#network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.255r2(config-router)#network 12.12.12.2 0.0.0.3r2(config-router)#network 12.12.12.5 0.0.0.3r2(config-router)#no auto-summary r2(config-router)#exitr2(config)#exitR3Routerenable Router#configure terminal Router(config)#hostname r3r3(config)#line console 0r3(config-line)#logging synchronous r3(config-line)#exec-timeout 0r3(config-line)#exitr3(config)#interface loopback 0r3(config-if)#ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0r3(config-if)#exitr3(config)#interface serial 1/3r3(config-if)#ip address 12.12.12.6 255.255.255.252r3(config-if)#no shutdown r3(config-if)#exitr3(config)#interface ethernet 0/1r3(config-if)#ip address 12.12.12.4 255.255.255.252r3(config-if)#no shutdown r3(config-if)#exitr3(config)#router eigrp 1r3(config-router)#network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.255r3(config-router)#network 12.12.12.6 0.0.0.3r3(config-router)#network 12.12.12.14 0.0.0.3r3(config-router)#no auto-summary r3(config-router)#exitr3(config)#exitR4Routerenable Router#configure terminal Router(config)#hostname r4R4(config)#line console 0R4(config-line)#logging synchronous r4(config-line)#exec-timeout 0r4(config-line)#exitr4(config)#interface loopback 0r4(config-if)#ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.0r4(config-if)#exitr4(config)#interface ethernet 0/0r4(config-if)#ip address 12.12.12.10 255.255.255.252r4(config-if)#no shutdown r4(config-if)#exitr4(config)#interface ethernet 0/1r4(config-if)#ip address 12.12.12.13 255.255.255.252r4(config-if)#no shutdown r4(config-if)#exitr4(config)#router eigrp 1r4(config-router)#network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.255r4(config-router)#network 12.12.12.10 0.0.0.3r4(config-router)#network 12.12.12.13 0.0.0.3r4(config-router)#no auto-summary r4(config-router)#exitr4(config)#exit显示路由表R1r1#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not set 1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsD 2.2.2.0 90/2297856 via 12.12.12.2, 00:03:09, Serial1/2 3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsD 3.3.3.0 90/435200 via 12.12.12.10, 00:02:23, Ethernet0/0 4.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsD 4.4.4.0 90/409600 via 12.12.12.10, 00:02:23, Ethernet0/0 12.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 4 subnetsD 12.12.12.12 90/307200 via 12.12.12.10, 00:02:24, Ethernet0/0C 12.12.12.8 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0D 12.12.12.4 90/2221056 via 12.12.12.10, 00:02:23, Ethernet0/0C 12.12.12.0 is directly connected, Serial1/2r1#show ip eigrp topology IP-EIGRP Topology Table for AS(1)/ID(1.1.1.1)Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply, r - reply Status, s - sia Status P 12.12.12.12/30, 1 successors, FD is 307200 via 12.12.12.10 (307200/281600), Ethernet0/0P 1.1.1.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 128256 via Connected, Loopback0P 2.2.2.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2297856 via 12.12.12.2 (2297856/128256), Serial1/2P 3.3.3.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 435200 via 12.12.12.10 (435200/409600), Ethernet0/0P 4.4.4.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 409600 via 12.12.12.10 (409600/128256), Ethernet0/0P 12.12.12.8/30, 1 successors, FD is 281600 via Connected, Ethernet0/0P 12.12.12.4/30, 1 successors, FD is 2221056 via 12.12.12.10 (2221056/2195456), Ethernet0/0 via 12.12.12.2 (2681856/2169856), Serial1/2P 12.12.12.0/30, 1 successors, FD is 2169856 via Connected, Serial1/2R2r2#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not set 1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsD 1.1.1.0 90/2297856 via 12.12.12.1, 00:17:48, Serial1/3 2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 2.2.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsD 3.3.3.0 90/2297856 via 12.12.12.6, 00:17:48, Serial1/2 4.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsD 4.4.4.0 90/2323456 via 12.12.12.6, 00:17:48, Serial1/2 90/2323456 via 12.12.12.1, 00:17:48, Serial1/3 12.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 4 subnetsD 12.12.12.12 90/2195456 via 12.12.12.6, 00:17:49, Serial1/2D 12.12.12.8 90/2195456 via 12.12.12.1, 00:17:48, Serial1/3C 12.12.12.4 is directly connected, Serial1/2 r2#show ip eigrp topologyIP-EIGRP Topology Table for AS(1)/ID(2.2.2.2)Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply, r - reply Status, s - sia Status P 12.12.12.12/30, 1 successors, FD is 2195456 via 12.12.12.6 (2195456/281600), Serial1/2 via 12.12.12.1 (2221056/307200), Serial1/3P 1.1.1.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2297856 via 12.12.12.1 (2297856/128256), Serial1/3 via 12.12.12.6 (2349056/435200), Serial1/2P 2.2.2.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 128256 via Connected, Loopback0P 3.3.3.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2297856 via 12.12.12.6 (2297856/128256), Serial1/2 via 12.12.12.1 (2349056/435200), Serial1/3P 4.4.4.0/24, 2 successors, FD is 2323456 via 12.12.12.1 (2323456/409600), Serial1/3 via 12.12.12.6 (2323456/409600), Serial1/2P 12.12.12.8/30, 1 successors, FD is 2195456 via 12.12.12.1 (2195456/281600), Serial1/3 via 12.12.12.6 (2221056/307200), Serial1/2P 12.12.12.4/30, 1 successors, FD is 2169856 Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply, r - reply Status, s - sia Status via Connected, Serial1/2P 12.12.12.0/30, 1 successors, FD is 2169856 via Connected, Serial1/3从路由表里只能看到一条到R3的回环地址3.3.3.3（以下简称3.3.3.3）的路由 3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsD 3.3.3.0 90/435200 via 12.12.12.10, 00:02:23, Ethernet0/0这是从R1的Ethernet0/0接口出去经过R4到R3的3.3.3.3。而且Topology表里面也只有一条通往R3的3.3.3.3的路径P 3.3.3.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 435200 via 12.12.12.10 (435200/409600), Ethernet0/0也是经过R1的Ethernet0/0接口出去经过R4到R3的3.3.3.3，出去的。从图上可以看到，我们其实有两条路径可以选择：R1-R2-R3-3.3.3.3R1-R4-R3-3.3.3.3检查R2的Topology表后，发现R2到R3的3.3.3.3路由条目P 3.3.3.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2297856 via 12.12.12.6 (2297856/128256), Serial1/2的度量值为（即R1-R2-R3-3.3.3.3的通告距离）：AD=2297856。而R1的Topology表中，路径R1-R4-R3-3.3.3.3P 3.3.3.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 435200 via 12.12.12.10 (435200/409600), Ethernet0/0的度量值为（即R1-R4-R3-3.3.3.3的可行性距离）：FD=435200。这里ADFD。因此路径R1-R2-R3没有进入R1的Topology表。修改度量值在R1上修改R1-R4-R3-3.3.3.3的度量值。R1r1#configure terminal r1(config)#router eigrp 1r1(config-router)#offset-list 1 in 1862657 ethernet 0/0r1(config- router)#exitr1(config)#exit显示R1的topology表和路由表r1#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not set 1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsD 2.2.2.0 90/2297856 via 12.12.12.2, 00:20:13, Serial1/2 3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsD 3.3.3.0 90/2297857 via 12.12.12.10, 00:05:31, Ethernet0/0 4.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsD 4.4.4.0 90/2272257 via 12.12.12.10, 00:05:31, Ethernet0/0 12.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 4 subnetsD 12.12.12.12 90/2169857 via 12.12.12.10, 00:05:31, Ethernet0/0C 12.12.12.8 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0D 12.12.12.4 90/2681856 via 12.12.12.2, 00:05:31, Serial1/2C 12.12.12.0 is directly connected, Serial1/2r1#show ip eigrp topologyIP-EIGRP Topology Table for AS(1)/ID(1.1.1.1)Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply, r - reply Status, s - sia Status P 12.12.12.12/30, 1 successors, FD is 2169857 via 12.12.12.10 (2169857/2144257), Ethernet0/0P 1.1.1.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 128256 via Connected, Loopback0P 2.2.2.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2297856 via 12.12.12.2 (2297856/128256), Serial1/2P 3.3.3.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2297857 via 12.12.12.10 (2297857/2272257), Ethernet0/0 via 12.12.12.2 (2809856/2297856), Serial1/2P 4.4.4.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2272257 via 12.12.12.10 (2272257/1990913), Ethernet0/0P 12.12.12.8/30, 1 successors, FD is 281600 via Connected, Ethernet0/0P 12.12.12.4/30, 1 successors, FD is 2221056 via 12.12.12.2 (2681856/2169856), Serial1/2P 12.12.12.0/30, 1 successors, FD is 2169856 via Connected, Serial1/2topology表中出现路由条目：P 3.3.3.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2297857 via 12.12.12.10 (2297857/2272257), Ethernet0/0 via 12.12.12.2 (2809856/2297856), Serial1/2现在两条路由条目都已经在Topology表中了。但是路由表中仍然只有一条路由： 3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsD 3.3.3.0 90/2297857 via 12.12.12.10, 00:05:31, Ethernet0/0做非等价负载均衡R1r1#configure terminal r1(config)#router eigrp 1r1(config-router)#variance 2r1(config-router)#exitr1(config)#exit显示路由表r1#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OS