Unit 8 Sports.doc

Unit 8Sports语篇领悟阅读本单元课文，完成下列各题：细枝末节1Which of the following is correct about the Olympic Games?A.The first modern Olympic Games took place around the year 776 in Greece.B.All the women athletes were not allowed to take part in the old Olympic Games.C.311 competitors from 13 countries took part in the old Olympic Games.D.The Olympic Games were never forgotten even though they were stopped for centuries.答案：D2 are the old games in which the athletes competed in the old Olympics.A.Sailing and shooting B.Running and horse ridingC.Jumping and wrestling D.Shooting and running答案：C3How many countries joined in the first modern Olympic Games?A.311.B.227.C.300.D.13.答案：D4Which of the following is not mentioned in the text?A.When the old Olympic Games stopped.B.Why the old Olympic Games stopped.C.Whether women were allowed to take part in the old Olympic Games.D.Where the 27th Olympic Games were held.答案：B5Which of the following is not true according to the text?A.Women were unfairly treated around 776 BC.B.Horseriding isnt included in the Olympic Games.C.Every athlete tries to win a medal in the Olympic Games.D.China is very strong in gymnastics and diving.答案：B6What does “another great competition” refer to in the last paragraph?A.The 2004 Summer Olympic Games.B.The 2002 Winter Olympic Games in Salt Lake City in the USA.C.The competition between countries to host the Olympic Games.D.The Football World Cup in South Korea.答案：C主旨大意7Which could be another title for the text?A.The Summer Olympic GamesB.The Winter Olympic GamesC.The Worlds Greatest Sports GamesD.A Great Victory for China答案：C推理判断8Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A.The Chinese team was the second strongest in the 25th Summer Olympics.B.In Barcelona men athlete won more than 4 gold medals for the Chinese team.C.The Olympic Games stopped in 193 AD because of corruption(腐败)and cheating.D.Now many countries compete to hold the Olympics because they can benefit a lot from the games.答案：D9What will happen in 2010?A.The 28th Olympic Games will be held.B.The 30th Olympic Games will be held.C.The Olympic Games will be held in Beijing.D.The Winter Olympic Games will be held.答案：D10Why do countries compete to host the Olympic Games?A.Hosting the Olympic Games is considered to be an honour for a country.B.The host country will certainly win more gold medals.C.The athletes of the host country do not have to travel abroad.D.Hosting the Olympic Games makes a country very rich.答案：A知识积累词汇梳理1.every four years每四年every 与数词或other,few等连用，表示时间或空间的间隔，其几个主要结构如下：(1)every+基数词+复数名词The American people elect a president every four years.美国人民每四年选举一任总统。Take the medicine every six hours.每六小时吃一次药。(2)every+序数词+单数名词He comes to see his uncle every third week.他每三个星期来看望他叔叔一次。(3)every+other+单数名词，“每隔一”Write on every other line.请隔行写。We have English lessons every other day;that is on Monday,Wednesday and Friday.我们隔一天上一次英语课，就是在星期一、星期三和星期五。(4)every+few+复数名词，“每隔几”Trees should be planted every few metres.树应间隔几米种一棵。2.tie vt.系；扎；与打成平局The kidnapper tied her hands behind her back.绑匪把她的双手绑在背后。She tied the parcel with a string.她用绳子把包裹捆起来。They tied with the visiting team in the game.这次比赛他们与客队打成了平局。The New York Yankess tied the Boston Red Socks in baseball.纽约扬基队与波士顿红袜队在棒球比赛中打成平手。固定搭配:(1)tie.to.把拴到上面He tied his dog to the fence.他把狗拴在栅栏上。Tie the horse to that tree.请把马拴到那个树上。(2)tie up系上；扎起来；使受束缚；使忙碌Wait a moment while I tie up my shoes.请等一下，我系上鞋带。Im too tied up with other things.我别的事情太忙，无法分身。3.compete v.竞争;比得上;比赛固定搭配:compete in (a game,a match)参加compete with/against sb.和某人竞争compete for (a prize,a medal,the first place)角逐Will you compete in the race?你会参加赛跑吗？He is going to compete against/with his old friend in the second round.第二回合时他将与老朋友竞争。There is no book that can compete with this.没有一本书抵得上这本。competition n.竞争;比赛，竞赛competitor n.竞争者，竞争对手4.host v. 做东;主办;招待The Smiths hosted the visitors.史密斯夫妇招待客人。Los Angeles hosted the Olympics in 1984.洛杉矶主办了1984年的奥运会。n. 主人;主办单位He acted as host to his fathers friends.他当主人款待父亲的朋友。5.allow vt.许可；容许；承认allow后可接名词、代词、动名词或that从句作宾语。The law does not allow such actions.法律不允许有这种行为。They dont allow smoking here.他们不允许在这儿抽烟。I allow that things are not easy.我承认事情并不那么容易。allow后还可接动词不定式的复合结构作宾语。My parents wont allow me to stay out late.我的父母不允许我深夜还不回家(留在外头)。We dont allow such things to be done.我们不允许有人做这样的事。辨析：allow,permit和letallow,permit和let均有“许可”的意思。allow和permit的意思和用法相近,permit稍微正式一些,allow通常有“默许”的意思。Smoking is not allowed/permitted in the reading room.阅览室内不许抽烟。His parents allow him to watch TV every evening.他父母允许他每天晚上看电视。let和allow都可用于客气的请求,在这种情况下,可以通用,但let较口语化,allow较正式。Please let me(allow me to) introduce my classmates.请让我向你介绍我的同学。6.stand for 代表;代替;象征;支持The owls stand for wisdom.猫头鹰是智慧的象征。What do the letters WTO stand for?字母WTO是什么意思？We want to know what he stands for.我们想知道他主张什么。He always stands for what is right.他对正确的事物总是支持的。7.further adj.更深入的;更进一步的；另；更远的;较远的Keep working as usual till further notice.照常工作,直到有进一步通知(才停止)。His house is on the further side of the street.他的房子远在街道的那一边。adv.更深一层地;更进一步地；更远地;更前面地The policeman questioned him further.警察更进一步的讯问了他。He went further away.他走得更远。注意：further与farther都是far的比较级形式,在表“距离更远”时,二者可互换。但表示时间、数量、程度上“更深入的,更进一步的”时,只可用further。He was so tired that he couldnt walk any farther/further.他太累了,再也不能往前走了。I cant help you any further.我不能再进一步帮助你。8.rank n.阶层;阶级;等级;地位;显贵;高身份;行;列固定搭配:people of all ranks社会各阶层的人a soldier of high rank高军阶的军人a gentleman of rank有地位的绅士He is a musician of the first/top/front rank.他是一流的音乐家。Taxis stood in a rank in front of the station.出租车在车站前排成一列。v. 位居;被分类;评价She ranks high/first in her class.她在班上名列前茅(第一)。He ranks among/with the greatest pianists of our day.他是当代最伟大的钢琴家之一。He ranks below/above Shelley as a poet.他在诗人当中，地位低/高于雪莱。They rank him as a firstclass painter.他们把他评价为一流的画家。9.prepare v.准备;预备;使(某人)作心理准备We must prepare for the party.我们必须为聚会作准备。I prepared my speech for the meeting.我为集会准备演讲稿。Mother is preparing Father to enter the hospital.母亲正在为父亲入院作准备。be prepared to do./for sth.准备着，作好的准备Have you prepared to go on a trip?你已准备好去旅行了吗？I am prepared for anything.我已作好应急准备。vt.准备做;配制Ill prepare a meal tonight.今晚我要做晚餐。She prepared her father lunch.=She prepared lunch for her father.她为她的父亲做午餐。10.effect n.效应;结果;后果cause and effect因果side effect副作用注意：effect常与介词on或upon连用。His new way of teaching produced a good effect.他的新教学法产生了良好的效果。The medicine had a good effect on me.那种药对我有很好的功效。My advice didnt have much effect on him.我的劝告对他没什么效果。His stomachache is an effect of overeating.他因为吃得太多而肚子痛。(1)come/go into effect生效The new regulation will come into effect next month.这项新规定下个月生效。(2)bring/carry/o effect实行；实施They decided to bring the plan into effect as soon as possible.他们决心尽快实施这项计划。(3)take effect生效；奏效The medicine didnt take effect.这种药并没有产生效用。(4)of no effect没有效果的；没有影响的All our efforts were of no effect.我们所有的努力都未产生任何效果。The medicine was of no effect on the patient.这种药对病人无效。(5)in effect事实上；实际上；有效的；在实施中的The vicepresident is,in effect,the leader of the company.那位副总经理事实上是公司的领导者。The law is still in effect.那项法律仍然有效。聚焦拓展1.take part in,join in与jointake part in“参加(某种活动)”,如体育、讨论、战斗等,通常是临时性活动,规模大小均可。join in与take part in用法基本一样。May I take part in the game?我可以参加比赛吗？I hope you will all join in the discussion.我希望你们大家都参加讨论。All of us took part in the sports meet.我们都参加了运动会。join指“参加(某组织、政体、俱乐部、联盟等)”,意为成为其成员之一。My father joined the army 30 years ago.父亲30年前参的军。When did you join the club?你什么时候加入该俱乐部的？注意：(1)join sb.和某人一起；和某人待在一起Will you join us for dinner?和我们一起吃饭好吗？You go first;Ill join you in a few minutes.你先行一步,我随后就到。(2)join sb.in.和某人一起做Will you join us in the English evening?同我们一起参加英语晚会好吗？Why not join us in playing basketball?和我们一起打篮球去吧？They joined him in a visit to London.他们和他一起参观了伦敦。(3)当后不接宾语时,用take part或join in。Jim saw the new boy watching the game and asked him to take part.吉姆看到新来的男孩在看比赛,就邀请他参加。We are playing football.Will you join in?我们在踢足球,你加入吗？2.would rather宁愿；宁可would rather do sth.宁愿做某事；更愿意做某事Shall we dine out?我们要不要出去吃饭？Id rather stay at home.我宁愿留在家里。would rather do sth.than do sth.宁愿做而不去做Hed rather chat than play football outside.他宁愿聊天,也不愿外出踢球。would rather have done sth.要是做过某事就好了I would rather have gone to her birthday party yesterday,but I was too busy.我昨天要是参加她的生日宴会就好了,但我当时太忙了。would rather (that)更愿意；希望,从句中的谓语动词用过去时表示虚拟语气。Hed rather he were a bird.他宁愿自己是一只小鸟。Id rather I hadnt met you that day.我宁愿那天没见到你。语法精讲一般将来时的被动语态(1)构成：will/shall/be going to+ be+过去分词(2)用法：表示将要发生的事情或打算、计划、决定要做的事情。You wont be allowed to take so much luggage with you.不会让你带这么多行李。What tools will be needed in the work?工作中需要什么工具？We shant/wont be invited.我们不会受到邀请。注意：(1)not应置于will/shall之后或going to之前。 (2)短语动词应看作一个整体不能分开。When will the patient be operated on?病人什么时候动手术？(3)把一般将来时句子变为被动语态,首先要弄清句子的结构,主动句的宾语作为被动句的主语,谓语由“will+be+过去分词”表示,主动句的主语由by短语表示,有时可以省略。基础巩固汉英翻译1代表;象征 答案：stand for2主办城市 答案：the host city3每四年 答案：every four years4参加比赛 答案：take part in/join in/compete in the games5角逐奖牌 答案：compete for medals6在现代 答案：in modern times7位居第三 答案：rank the third8划时代的成就 答案：historymaking success9进行大的变化 答案：make big changes10最好的运动会 答案：the best ever games11不仅仅 答案：more than12实现梦想 答案：live ones dream13为作准备 答案：in preparation for单项填空1The necklace isnt you paid for it.A.worth B.worth whatC.costing D.costing what解析：isnt后要用形容词worth;what you paid for it相当于the money you paid for it。答案：B2As an NBA star,Yao Ming is working very hard to his dream.A.make B.takeC.live D.keep解析：live ones dream或live up to ones dream “实现梦想”。答案：C3Many of the Chinese medals were won in table tennis and gymnastics and also in such as diving and weightlifting.A.events B.businessesC.matters D.affairs解析：event可指比赛项目。答案：A4My father used to be a very good basketball player.He wasthe college team.A.for B.onC.with D.by解析：on the (college) team属于大学校队，或为大学校队的一员。答案：B5Do you need a ride?No,thanks.Iwalking.A.preferB.wantC.used toD.take解析：相比较来说，更喜欢做某事用prefer,其结构为prefer sth.to sth.或者prefer doing sth.to doing sth.。答案：A6I can offer you 50,but I cant go any than that.A.far B.fartherC.further D.furthest解析：further除表示“更远”相当于farther之外，它还表示程度，意为“进一步地”。答案：C7We have physics on Tuesday,Thursday and Saturday;that is,we have it .A.every other days B.every three daysC.every other day D.each two days解析：从题意看应是我们每隔一天上一节物理课。every other day意为“每隔一天”，即every two days或every second day。答案：C8“Is you want to say?”asked the teacher.A.this B.thatC.all that D.that all解析：此直接引语问句中缺少主语及表语只有系动词is及作定语的部分，转为陈述语序为：That is all (that) you want to say.答案：D9How long have you been like this? October 13,Monday.A.On B.AfterC.From D.Since解析：从问句“How long.?”来看，要求答语为表示时间段的，只有用since即“自从以来”。答案：D10The World Cup will in Tokyo next month.Do you know how many countries will be ?A.happen;taking partB.hold;taking part inC.play;taking part inD.take place;joining it解析：take part in后要接宾语，而take part不用接宾语。答案：A11Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, was very reasonable.A.which price B.the price of whichC.its price D.the price of whose解析：因为空格前是逗号，说明后句是个非限制性定语从句，故排除C项。先行词vase与price是所属关系，可用whose price或the price of which表示。答案：B12Everybody believes he will be the winner of the 100-metre .A.match B.competitionC.contest D.race解析：race指的是“径赛”。答案：D13Fred is second to none in maths in our class,but believe it or not,he passed the last exam.A.easily B.hardlyC.actually D.successfully解析：second to none是个习语，意为“不亚于任何人或事物”。根据上下文的联系，空格处应用表否定意义的词，所以选B项，hardly意为“几乎不”。答案：B14Wang lives the same way as he did 50 years ago.He doesnt want to change with the .A.times B.seasonsC.life D.days解析：根据句意，Wang不愿随时代而改变，“时代”用times表示。答案：A15The Parkers bought a new house but will need a lot of work before they can move in.A.they B.itC.one D.which解析：指代上文提到的同一物“a new house”,而不是同类，用it替代。答案：B介词、副词填空1I think we must do something the problem officials.答案：about;with2I am worried the spirit of the Olympics.People care too much winning and money.答案：about;about3Many of the athletes train work and pay their own trips and equipment.答案：after;for4Fencing is a fast sport.Matches will be won or lost a matter seconds.答案：in;of5That doesnt matter me.I only care getting better and about competing my country.答案：to;about;for6For some athletes the reward will be to compete other great athletes from the world.答案：with;around7 least 150 000 cars will be produced each year the beginning.答案：At;at/in8 the beginning June well have the final exam.答案：At;of9Ive read the book the beginning the end.答案：from;to10The money was the table and no one was there,so he helped himself it.答案：on;to句型转换完成B句，使其与A句意思相同或相近。(每空一词)1A.I prefer watching tennis to playing it.B.I watch tennis it.答案：would rather;than play2A.Jane got the second place in the contest.B.Jane in the contest.答案：ranked the second3A.In Barcelona the Chinese team got 16 gold medals.Women won 12 of them.B.In Barcelona the Chinese team got 16 gold medals, 12 won by women.答案：of which;were4A.In some sports people easily hurt themselves.I dont like those kinds of sports.B.I dont like the sports people easily hurt.答案：in which;get5A.Yao Ming not only has size but also has great skill and speed.B.Yao Ming has just size.He also has great skill and speed.答案：more than词语填空用下列所给单词或短语的适当形式填空。athletebecause ofcontinentmedalhostcompetemottotorchwrestlestand forAround 776 BC the earliest Olympic Games began in ancient Olympia.Only free men who spoke Greek could 1 in running,jumping,2,etc.But there were much fewer events than in our modern Olympic Games,which were first held in 1896 in Greece.The Olympic flag,on which there are five rings that 3 five 4 and the peace and brotherhood of the whole planet,was first flown at the 1920 Olympic Games in Belgium.After each Olympics it is passed on to the new 5 city.The Olympic 6 is brought by a relay of 7 from the ruins of ancient Olympic.It will keep burning until the end of the Games.The Olympic 8 is made up of three Latin words,which means:FASTER;HIGHER;STRONGER,that is to say,every athlete should do their best to win 9.The ancient Olympics were not held for more than fifteen centuries while the modern Olympics have been stopped three times 10 wars.答案：1.compete2.wrestling3 stand for4.continents5.host6.torch7.athletes8.motto9.medals10.because of单句改错下列句子均有一处错误(或多一词;或缺一词;或错一词)，请找出并加以改正。1The Olympic Games is held every four years.答案：isare2I am sure the place of interest is well worth visiting it.答案：去掉it3He attends the evening class each other day,that is,Monday,Wednesday and Friday.答案：eachevery4How soon will the project be completed?For about two years.答案：ForIn5If the Hope Primary School is finished next month,more than 100 dropout children in the village will return back to school.答案：去掉back6To make the best ever games,the capital city will make several changes.答案：To make 后加it7In 1896 the first Olympic Games was held in Greece.答案：waswere8Great changes have been taken place in my hometown.答案：去掉been9He would rather go skiing to go boating.答案：tothan10Its unbelievable to do all the work just by the hand.答案：去掉by后的the典题精析12005北京高考 Scientists think that the continents always where they oday. A.arent;are B.arent;wereC.werent;are D.werent;were解析：本题考查谓语动词的时态。题意是“科学家认为，这些大陆原来并不总在它们现在所处的位置上”。表示“原来不是”应用一般过去时，而表示“现在所处的位置”则要用一般现在时。故答案为C项。又如本单元课文中的一句话：Many of the sports were the same as they are now.答案：C22005山东高考 Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, a record US $57.65 a barrel on April 4.A.have reached B.reachingC.to reach D.to be reaching解析：本题考查非谓语动词的用