专业英语与一般英语的区别ppt课件

1 SpecializedEnglish 2 DifferencesbetweenspecializedandgeneralEnglishDifferentpurposesForspecializedpurposetoobtainthemostrecentinformationtopublishtheresearchresultseitherbywritingapaperorgivinganoralpresentationDifferentlearningmethodsreadasmanyEnglishreferencesaspossibleattendasmuchasseminaraspossibletrytocomposeresearchpapers reportsinEnglishDifferentcontentsSpecialvocabulariesandterms 3 GrammaticalcharacteristicsofspecializedEnglish1 客观 Objectivity thepresenttense pasttenseorperfecttensethepassivevoiceorimpersonalsubjecte g Itwasstartedin1969 whentheU S DepartmentofDefenseestablishedanationwidenetworktoconnectahandfulofuniversitiesandcontractors pasttenses 4 2 简洁 Conciseness nonfiniteverbs Gerund participle past present infinitivenounphrasee g 1 Manydifferentschemesforperformingthesethreefunctions sampling quantizingandcoding haveevolvedduringrecentyears gerund 2 Consequentlythereisaninherentadvantageforovercomingnoisyenvironmentbychoosingdigitaltransmission gerund 3 Televisionisthetransmissionandreceptionofimagesofmovingobjectsbyradiowaves 5 4 Thesignalreceivedfromasatellite locatedinfarouterspace isveryweak pastparticiple 5 Mostotherformsoftransmissionsystemsconveythemessageinformationusingshapeorlevelofthetransmittedsignal presentparticiple 6 Ethernethubsandswitchesprovideaneasyandinexpensivemeanstoprovidemorebandwidthtoworkstations infinitive 6 3 准确 Accuracy longsentences exceedinglyinformativeconditionalsentences accuratedescriptione g Ifthenumberofthemessagesinthesetisfinitethenthisnumberoranymonotonicfunctionofthisnumbercanberegardedasameasureoftheinformationproducedwhenonemessageischosenfromtheset allchoicebeingequallylikely 7 4 无生命主语 及物动词 宾语 宾语补足语 e g Chapter6providesabasicintroductiontotheideasofsequences seriesandlimits 5 常用it作为形式主语或宾语e g 1 Ithasbeenprovedthatinducedvoltagecausesacurrenttoflowinoppositiontotheforceproducingit 2 Theinventionofradiohasmadeitpossibleformankindtocommunicatewitheachotheroveralongdistance 8 6 尽量用紧缩型状语从句而不用完整句e g Whiledesignedprimarilyforusebyengineeringstudents itisbelievedthatthebookisalsohighlysuitableforstudentsofthephysicalsciencesandappliedmathematics 7 割裂修饰比较普遍 包括短语或从句被分隔 e g Itishopedthatthisprovision togetherwiththelargenumberofworkedexamplesandstyleofpresentation alsomakesthebooksuitableforprivateordirectedstudy 主谓分离 9 8 较多使用祈使语气e g Lettheforward passtransferfunctionbegivenbythelineardifferenceequation 9 句中并列成分 各种并列短语 单词或从句 较多e g Radarhascertaininherentadvantagesoverdetectionsystemsemployinglightwaves 1 hasgreaterrange 2 itisusableinanyweatherandindayornight and3 theelectroniccircuitryandcomponentsfortransmitting receiving amplifying detectingandmeasuringarehighdeveloped 10 专业英语词汇的构成World building派生法 Derivation 复合法 Composition 转化法 Conversion 拼缀法 Blending 缩略法 Shorting 11 Derivationa asynchronous asymmetryanti clockwise anti clockwiseco relation correlationoperation cooperationdis advantage disadvantagecover discoverable disableen enable enlargeem embed embody 12 im possible impossiblebalance imbalanceil legible illegiblelegal illegalin correct incorrectcapable incapableir regular irregularrelevant irrelevantinter change interchangeinterfaceinternetinteract 13 mis miscountmistakeMulti poly multipurpose multicarrierpolynomial binomial non linear nonlineareffective noneffectivepost postfixpostgraduatepre prefix preface predictre retell readjustreflect react reverse 14 sub set subsetsubscriptsubroutinesuper superscriptsuperconductorsuperpositionsym syn synchronoussymmetrytele telephone telegraph telescope 15 trans transmitter transformtransverseultra ultraspeed ultravioletultrav