牛津小学英语5A语法(五)代词.doc

牛津英语5A英语语法(五)代词一代词：代词是代替名词以及起名词作用的短语、分句和句子的词。二代词的种类：1. 人称代词主格I , you, he, she, it, we, you, they宾格me, you, him, her, it, us, you , them 2. 物主代词形容词性的物主代词my, your, his , her, its, our, your ,their 名词性的物主代词mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs3. 反身代词myself, herself, themselves 4. 相互代词有：each other, one another 5. 提示代词有：this , that , these , those , those 6. 疑问代词who, what, whose 7. 关系代词which, that, who 8. 连接代词what, who, whose9. 不定代词没有指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词 all, each, both, either, neither, one, any10. 指示代词that, this ,these, those三代词的使用方法1. 人称代词是表示我、你、他、她、它、我们、你们、他们的词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化。物主代词表示所有关系的代词，也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种。表示我自己、你自己、他自己、我们自己、你们自己和他们自己等的代词，叫做自身代词，也称为反身代词。详件见下表： 人称代词物主代词反身代词 主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词 第一人称 单数Imemy minemyself 复数weusouroursourselves 第二人称 单数youyouyouryoursyourself 复数youyouyouryoursyourselves 第三人称 单数 hehimhishishimself sheherherhersherself itititsitsItself 复数theythemtheirtheirsthemselves 句法功能作主语,其中she指带代国家,it可指代天气时间等。作宾语介词宾语表语作定语作主语,宾语,介词宾语,表语书信yours作宾语,介词宾语,表语主语同为语 根据上表的例句如下：She doesnt believe us.When he arrived, John went straight to the bank.Youll find your books among mine on the bookshelf.-Who is it? -Its me.Our room is on the first floor, and theirs is on the second.They think too much of themselves.A week later, I myself had to go to Paris.Help yourself!We cook for ourselves.I saw her with them, at least, I thought it was her.The cap is Jacks.注意：在连续使用两个以上人称代词时，通常单数you放在第一位， I 放在最后；复数we放在第一位，they放在最后。简单记成：单数2,3,1，复数1,2,3 。都是三人称，女后男在先。例如：You and I can help each other.They couldnt have seen Tom and me there.You, Tom and I are leaving next month.You or they must pass the exam.We, you and they should go there together.2. 疑问代词(who, whom, which, what, whose) 用来构成疑问句，在句中可以起名词词组作用。指人： who, whom, whose指物： what既可指人又可指物： whichwho与whom. (whom是who的宾格)Who told you the truth?Whom are you talking with?whose, which, what(在非限定的数量中选择用what,在限定的数量中选择which)Whose book is this?What was the directional flow of U. S. territorial expansion?Which book you like better, the English book or the Chinese book?What are you reading now?Whats your father?Whose books are these on the desk?注意：疑问代词用于对介词宾语提问时，过去的文体中介词和疑问代词通常一起放在句首，现代英语中，疑问代词在句首，介词在句未。For what do most students study?What are you looking for?3. 指示代词this, these, that , those被用作名词中心词的修饰语时属于限定词，而单独用来代替名词词组时是代词。This is the bus we want.Put these in your bag.My idea is this.How do you think of this idea?注意：that和those有时用来代表前面提到的名词，以避免重复。The best coal is that from Newcastle.Those who wish to go may sign up here.4. 不定代词用法辨析neithernor 没有也没有either or 不是就是both两者都one the other 两个中的一个,另一个another 再一个,又一个every 作定语,每一个. (可以形成合成词 everybody everything)each每一个,一个个的加以考虑时用.None 否定意思,没有一个5其它代词在高中部分会有进一步讲解。练习题： 1. The weather in Guangzhou is hotter than _ in Shenyang.A. thatB. ItC. thisD. one 2. Mr. Green is our English teacher. _comes from U. S. A.A. heB. sheC. itD. they3. My bike is broken. May I borrow_?A. youB. yourselfC. yoursD. your4. Would you like some tea? Yes, just_-.A. a fewB. fewC. a littleD. little bit5. Would you like some tea or coffee? _. Thanks, Ive had enough.A. eitherB. neitherC. someD. both6. I bought _ exercise books with _ money.A. a few, a fewB. a few, a littleC. a little, a fewD. a little, a little7. I made the cake by _. Help _, Tom.A. ourselves, yourselfB. myself, yourselfC. myself, youD. me, him8. Enjoy_, May and Mary.A. yourselfB. myselfC. yourselvesD. themselves9. _ house is this ?Its mine.A. WhatB. WhoC. WhoseD. Whose10. She is a student and _ name is Mary.A. sheB. herC. hersD. his11. She will go skating and I will do _.A. suchB. sameC. the same asD. the same12. _ is he?He is a bus driver.A. who B. whichC. thatD. what13. _ hat is this?Its _.A. Whose, meB. Who, mineC. Whom, hisD. Whose, mine14. The population of China is larger than _ of Japan.A. oneB. itC. thatD. those15. Li Li is clever than _ in his class.A. anybodyB. anyone elseC. else anyoneD. somebody else16. _ like music.A. Both of themB. Both of theyC. The both girlsD. Both them17. Could you give me some ink?Sorry, I have_ in my bottle.A. a fewB. fewC. a littleD. little18. He has _ to tell us.A. something importantB. important somethingC. anything usefulD. useful nothing19. Would you like _ coffee? Yes, Id like _.A. any, anyB. some, someC. some, anyD. any, some20. _ of the teachers are ok in our school.A. everyB. eachC. eitherD. all21. Of the three foreigners, one is from London, _ are from the USA.A. two othersB. the other tooC. another twoD. the both22. Which would you like, sir, tea or coffee?I dont mind. _ is ok.A. EitherB. NeitherC. AnyD. Both23. Help _ to some chicken, boys and girls.A. youB. yoursC. yourselfD. yourselves24. What do you usually have for breakfast?_ milk and _ eggs.A. Little, a littleB. A few, fewC. A little, a fewD. A few, a little25. Who taught _ history last year?Nobody! He learned it _.A. him, himselfB. his, himselfC. himself, himselfD. his, him26. There isnt _ paper here. Will you go and get _for me?A. any, anyB. any, someC. much, manyD. many, much27. The farmer is busy because hes so _ sheep to keep and so _ work to do.A. much, manyB. many, muchC. many, a lotD. a lot, much28. On _ side of the river therere many tall trees.A everyB. allC. bothD. each29. Whose photo is this?Its _.A. meB. mineC. myD. myself30. Who is playing the piano in the next room?_ is Li Pings brother.A. ThisB. ThatC. ItD. He 31. The old man has two sons, but _ of them lives with him.A. bothB. noneC. neitherD. all32. You have more apples than I, but _ are bigger than_.A. my, yourB. my, yoursC. mine, yourD. mine, yours33. There is _ meat at home. Would you please go and buy_?A. some, a littleB. a little, anyC. little, someD. little, any34. My parents are workers. _ both work in the same factory.A. themB. theyC. heD. she35. Can you come on Friday or Saturday?Im afraid _ day is possible.A. eitherB. sameC. nayD. neither36. He cant hear you, because there is _ noise here.A. very muchB. too muchC. much tooD. so many37. All of us were invited, but _ of us came.A. neitherB. noneC. bothD. any38. There isnt _ water in the cup.A. anyB. manyC. someD. the 39. We have _ sugar. Really? Lets go and buy some.A. fewB. a fewC. littleD. a little40. There isnt _ milk in the fridge. Youd better buy some.A. noB. anyC. someD. a few41. Help_ to some meat, Mary.A. themselvesB. ourselvesC. yourselfD. himself42. Though they had cleaned the door, there was still _ water on it.A. littleB. a littleC. fewD. a few43. The old man kept one black dog and two white_.A. oneB. onesC. thoseD. ones44. _ of us has read the newspaper, so we know nothing about it.A.