青奥亚青英语培训资料.doc

2013 Asian Youth Games (AYG)2014 Youth Olympic Games (YOG)Share the Games, Share our Dreams一、青奥会、亚青会口语：志愿者和导游二、青奥会、亚青会口语：中国能得多少金牌？三、青奥会、亚青会口语：比赛很精彩四、青奥会、亚青会口语：青奥会、亚青会与旅游业五、青奥会、亚青会口语：最喜欢的奥运项目六、青奥会、亚青会主办城市：南京介绍七、青奥会、亚青会词汇：常见公共标志英文表达八、青奥会、亚青会术语九、南京特色佳肴介绍十、西方人口语中的禁忌话题一、青奥会、亚青会口语：志愿者和导游”I want to get a job at the AYG (Asian Youth Games). 我想为亚青会工作。A: Hi, Im Feng. Im Mr Lis son.A: 嗨，我是峰。我是李先生的儿子。B: Hi, Feng. Nice to meet you. Youre a student, arent you? Your dad tells me you love athletics.B: 嗨，峰。很高兴认识你。你是一个学生，对吗?你爸爸告诉我你喜欢体育。A: Yes. I run a bit. I like running.A: 是的，我时常跑跑步。我喜欢跑步。B: Are you looking forward to the AYG (Asian Youth Games)?B: 你期待奥运会的召开吗?There will be a lot of volunteer helpers and guides.将会有很多志愿者和导游。A: Hi Paul. Sorry Im late.A: 嗨，保罗。对不起，我迟到了。B: Not at all. Ive been talking to Feng.B: 没关系。我一直在和峰说话。A: About volunteering at the Olympics, no doubt!A: 你们一定是在谈论关于当奥运志愿者的事情!B: Yes. Its a great idea.B: 是的。这是个好主意。A: But there will be lots of volunteer helpers and guides.A: 但是到时候将会有很多志愿者和导游。二、青奥会、亚青会口语：中国能得多少金牌？”I wonder how many gold medals China will win.我想知道中国能夺得多少块金牌。A: I hope China does really well in the Olympics.A: 我希望中国在奥运会上取得好成绩。B: Im sure it will. The host nation always performs well. And there are so many good athletes in China.B: 我想一定能。东道主总是表现良好。再说中国有那么多优秀的运动员。A: I wonder how many gold medals China will win.A: 我想知道中国能夺得多少块金牌。B: Remember, silver and bronze medals are important too!B: 记住，银牌和铜牌也很重要!A: Youre right. Anyway, the most important thing is to compete well.A: 你说得对。无论如何，最重要的是好好比赛。比赛结果相关词汇：winner 优胜者record holder 纪录保持者cut the record 打破纪录record breaker 打破创造者set a new record 创造新纪录world record 世界纪录champion 冠军runner-up/the 2nd place 亚军third place/the 3rd place 季军medalist 奖牌获得者gold medalist 金牌获得者silver medalist 银牌获得者bronze medalist 铜牌获得者last eight 取得决赛权的八名选手final result 决赛成绩total points 总分placement/ranking 名次，排名final placing 决赛名次medal tally 奖牌榜lost to 败给defeat 击败win title 夺魁go for gold 夺取金牌defend title 卫冕road to 进军victory and ceremony/awarding ceremony 颁奖仪式The victory ceremony for will now take place 颁奖仪式现在开始announce results 公布成绩The medals will be presented in descending order-1st, 2nd, 3rd. 按第一名、第二名、第三名顺序颁发奖牌。raise national flag and play national anthem 升国旗，奏国歌mount the rostrum 登上颁奖台sportsmanship trophy 风格奖fair play trophy 公平竞赛奖cup/trophy 奖杯prize money 奖金prize/trophy/award 奖品awarding/ to present prize 颁发奖品title 称号undertake laps of honor 绕场一周向观众致意三、“青奥会、亚青会口语：比赛很精彩”I thought the match was really exciting. 我认为比赛非常精彩。A: What a match! That was an incredible game.A: 多么精彩的比赛啊!这是一场令人难以置信的比赛。B: Yes, it was amazing. At least I thought the first half was amazing.B: 是的，令人惊叹。至少我认为上半场非常精彩。A: Did you see that last goal? What a header!A: 你看到最后那个进球了吗?多么漂亮的头球攻门!B: Maybe it was a bit lucky. The second half wasnt so good.B: 也许有点儿运气吧。下半场就没有那么好了。A: I thought the match was really exciting.A: 我认为比赛非常精彩。B: Yes, it was good.B: 是的，很不错。比赛人物词汇player/footballer 球员striker/ forward 前锋center/ midfielder 中场winger 翼锋wing-back 翼卫goalkeeper/ goalie 守门员scorer 入球者keyman 球队重心球员referee 裁判assistant referee 助理裁判substitute/ reserve 替补journalist 记者ball picker 拾球童crowd/ fans 球迷linesman 司线员coach 教练head coach 主教练referee 裁判lineman 巡边员captain / leader 队长forward / striker 前锋midfielder 前卫left midfielder 左前卫right midfielder 右前卫attacking midfielder 攻击型前卫(前腰)defending midfielder 防守型前卫(后腰)center forward 中锋full back 后卫center back 中后卫left back 左后卫right back 右后卫cheer team 拉拉队四、“青奥会、亚青会口语：青奥会、亚青会与旅游业”The Asian Youth Games will be good for tourism.亚青会的召开将有利于旅游业的发展。A: Im looking forward to the Asian Youth Games!A: 我期待着亚青会的召开!B: So am I.B: 我也是。A: The Asian Youth Games will be good for tourism.A: 奥运会的召开将有利于旅游业的发展。B: Yes, and theyll be good for business, too. Especially for hotels and restaurants.B: 是的。奥运会对商业发展也会有促进作用。尤其是对酒店和餐馆业。相关旅游词汇travel agency 旅行社flight number 航班号take off 起飞land 降落check in 办理登机手续motel 汽车旅馆hostel 青年旅社book the ticket 订票passport 护照visa 签证credit card 信用卡driving license/licence 驾照expire v.驾照、护照等过期platform 站台museum 博物馆souvenir 纪念品art gallery 画廊hiking 徒步旅行hitch-hike 搭便车旅行五、“青奥会、亚青会口语：最喜欢的奥运项目”Whats your favourite event in the AYG (Asian Youth Games)? 你最喜欢的亚青会项目是什么?A: Im so looking forward to the Asian Youth Games. Its going to be a great event.A: 我热切地期待着亚青会的召开。这将是一大盛事。B: Me too. I cant wait for them to start. Its so exciting.B: 我也是。我都等不及了。太激动人心了。A: There will be so many things to see.A: 到时候将有许多要看的东西。B: I know. Whats your favourite event in the Asian Youth Games?B: 我知道。你最喜欢的亚青会项目是什么?A: My favourite event? I dont know I like so many different things!A: 我最喜欢的项目?我不知道我喜欢的项目太多了!B: I suppose so. There are so many different sports and events.B: 我想也是。有这么多的运动项目。Im also looking forward to the marathon.A: I like the big, dramatic events at the Youth Olympic Games.A: 我喜欢重大的、壮观的青奥会项目。B: So do I. Im also looking forward to the marathon. Its one of the biggest events. Its a classic race.B: 我也是。我还期待着马拉松比赛。这是重大的青奥会项目之一。它是经典的比赛项目。A: I agree. And its something everyone can see.A: 我同意。它还是每个人都可以看到的比赛。B: Yes, the race goes all through Nanjing. There will be thousands watching it on the streets.B: 是的，比赛将贯穿南京城。到时候将有成千上万的人站在街头观看比赛。A: Its such a tough race! Forty kilometers.A: 这是多么艰苦的比赛！40公里. . .B: I know. I hope it isnt too hot when they run the marathon. Its better when its cooler.B: 我知道。我希望当马拉松比赛举行的时候天气不要太热。天气凉爽些比较好。六、“青奥会、亚青会主办城市：南京介绍”南京旅游景点中英文对照 阅江楼 Yuejiang Tower 珍珠泉风景区 Pearl Spring Scenic Spot 雨花台烈士陵园 Yuhuatai Cemetery of Revolutionary Martyrs 甘熙故居 Ganxi House 奥体中心 Olympic Center 天生桥 Tianshen Bridge 南京新貌 New look of Nanjing 南京长江二桥 The Second Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge 民国记录 The record of R.O.C 中山陵 Dr.Sun Ytsens Mausoleum 音乐台 Music Platform 紫金山天文台 Zijin Mountain Observatory 孙中山纪念馆 Dr. Sun Yatsens Museum 无梁殿 Beamless Hall 总统府 Presidential Palace 六朝如梦 千古存韵 Dream Dynasty Charming View-spots 玄武湖 Xuanwu Lake Park 白鹭洲公园 Bailuzhou Park 十里秦淮 Qinhuai River 瞻园 Zhan Garden 中华门城堡 the Castle of Zhonghua Gate 夜色夫子庙 Night view of Confucius temple 江南贡院 Tribute yard 玄奘塔 Xuanzang pagoda 台城 Taicheng City 莫愁湖 Mochou Lake 鸡鸣寺 Jiming Temple 朝天宫 Chaotian Palace 七、青奥、亚青会词汇：常见公共标志英文表达Business Hours 营业时间Office Hours 办公时间Entrance 入口 Exit 出口Push 推 Pull 拉Shut 此路不通On 打开（放） Off 关Open 营业 Pause 暂停八、青奥会、亚青会术语CEP文化教育计划 Culture Education ProgrammeCOC中国奥委会 Chinese Olympic CommitteeCS庆祝场地 Celebration SitesF&B食品与饮料 food & beverageGFP青奥会基础规划 Games Foundation PlanGPP青奥会计划程序 Games Planning ProcessHCC主办城市合同 Host City ContractIF国际单项体育联合会 International FederationIOC国际奥委会 International Olympic CommitteeMMC主媒体中心 Main Media CentreMS青奥会总体进度表 Master ScheduleNanjing 2014第二届夏季青年奥运会 Nanjing 2014 Summer Youth Olympic GamesNGO非政府组织 Non-Government OrganisationNOC国家/地区奥委会 National Olympic CommitteeNYOGOC第二届青年奥运会组织委员会 Nanjing Youth Olympic Games Organising CommitteeNYOGRIP南京青奥会准备完成整合计划 Nanjing 2014 YOG Readiness Integrated PlanOBS奥林匹克广播服务公司 Olympic Broadcasting ServiceOCC青奥会开闭幕式 Opening & Closing CeremoniesPRC中华人民共和国 Peoples Republic of ChinaVIK现金等价物 Value in KindVC颁奖仪式 Victory CeremoniesVPN虚拟专用网 Virtual Private NetworkVOD视频点播 Video-on-demandYOG青年奥运会 Youth Olympic GamesYOTR青奥会火炬传递 Youth Olympic Torch RelayYOV青奥村 Youth Olympic Village组委会organization committee开幕式opening ceremony闭幕式closing ceremony吉祥物mascot申办城市 the bidding cities候选城市 the candidate cities申办2012年奥运会 bid for 2012 Olympics主办2012年奥运会 host the 2012 Olympic Games奥林匹克精神 the Olympic ideals; the Olympic spirit奖杯 cup/trophy奖金 prize money奖品 prize/trophy/award九、Guide to Nanjing Specialty FoodNanjing has many famous specialty foods. Some of these are unique to Nanjing and others are found all over China but get a special twist in Nanjing.DuckThe quality and quantity of duck eaten in Nanjing has earned it one of its many nicknames - Yadu (鸭都) or Duck Capital.Nanjing Salty Duck (Nanjing Yanshui Ya, 南京盐水鸭)Nanjing Salty Duck has been produced in Nanjing for over 1000 years and is widely thought of as the number one Nanjing specialty. The skin is lightly coloured and the meat is tender.Bagged Salty Ducks can be found in all the tourist markets. Fresh ducks can be bought at butchers shops and grocery stores.Baked Duck (Shao Ya, 烧鸭)This is less famous than the Salty Duck but more likely to be popular with foreigners. It is soaked in dark sweet and salty sauce to add flavour.Fresh Shao Ya can be bought in butcher shops and some grocery stores.Duck Blood and Sweet Potato Starch Noodle Soup (Yaxue Fensi Tang, 鸭血粉丝汤)This soup contains congealed blocks of ducks blood and thin noodles made from sweet potato starch. It is a dish that is loved by some and avoided by others.Duck Blood Soup can be found at many specialty restaurants such as Yingshi on Lions Bridge.DumplingsFried Beef Dumplings (Niurou Goutie, 牛肉锅贴)They are what they sound like Oily but delicious fried beef dumplings. Perhaps this dish is not native to Nanjing but some will swear that the fried beef dumplings in Nanjing are the best.These can be found at small hole-in-the-wall(简陋的) vendors across the city. Maxiangxing, near Hunan Road serves Fried Beef Dumplings in a seemingly cleaner environment.Steamed Dumplings (Zhenjiao, 蒸饺)Steamed dumplings are found all over China but Nanjings steamed dumplings are made to be less oily. Try the pork (猪肉) and fragrant mushroom (香菇) steamed dumplings.Steamed dumplings can be found in the same places that the fried dumplings are found.Soup Dumplings (Tangbao, 汤包)Dumplings with chicken broth inside them are a favourite of both locals and visitors.Soup dumplings can be found in many restaurants. One of the more popular restaurants can be found on Lions Bridge. They do not sell any dishes besides soup dumplings and duck blood soup.Other Meaty DishesSour Vegetable Fish Soup (Suancai Yu, 酸菜鱼)The spicy “Sour Vegetable Fish” soup actually comes from Sichuan province, but it has gained such popularity in Nanjing that it is considered a Nanjing specialty by many. A big bowl of Sour Vegetable Fish makes a good centerpiece for a meal.It can be found in most restaurants.Crawfish (Xiao Longxia, 小龙虾)A big bowl of spicy crawfish is a meal on its own. It is often complimented with some small snacks or thin bread.Crawfish can be found year long, but the large fresh ones can usually only be found between May and October. It can be bought in grocery stores and restaurants. Indeed, some restaurants only sell crawfish. There is one restaurant on Lions Bridge that specializes in crawfish.Return to Sauce Tofu (Hui Lu Gan, 回卤干)This tofu is first stif-fried in excessive oil and then placed back in a broth to be boiled. The result is something similar to fried tofu except with a soft inside inebriated（浸泡） with the flavours of the broth（肉汤）.The tofu on the right is served in chicken soup broth with bean sprouts（豆芽）. It can be found in many places, including Maxiangxing.VegetarianLuhao (芦蒿)Luhao is a green vegetable that is grown in freshwater lakes nearby. It is usually stir-fried and served on its own as a side dish or with toufu. Although some will say that it can only be found in Nanjing, the truth is that it can be found in other cities in China as well. However, it is quite popular in Nanjing.Stinky Tofu (Chou Doufu, 臭豆腐)Stinky Tofu is Tofu that is marinated （浸泡于）in brine(卤水) and allowed to ferment（发酵） for several days. How long it ferments for, what the brine is made out of and the type and texture of tofu are all factors that affect the end product. It is possible to have different tasting toufu just as there are different varieties and strengths of cheeses. Because of this variety, many cities in China each count stinky tofu as one of their unique specialties. It is usually served with hot sauce but can also be served with other toppings. Note: in the picture on the right, it is served with pork.Stinky Tofu can be found at street vendors, restaurants, grocery stores.Five Fragrance Egg (Wuxiang Jidan, 五香鸡蛋)A nutritious snack, five fragrance egg is an egg boiled in a broth composed of anise, cinnamon, ginger, other herbs and sometimes tea leaves. It is left to simmer in the broth for hours.Five Fragrance Eggs can be found in convenience stores and grocery stores. However, eggs as flavourful as the home-made ones in the picture can be harder to find.Zhuangyuan Beans (Zhuangyuan Dou, 状元豆)Zhuangyuan Beans are not only a Nanjing specialty but are even specifically called a Confucius Temple (夫子庙) specialty. These are large beans that are baked with various types of seasoning（调味料）. There are many flavours, some of which are a bit over the top so ask for a sample before buying so as to assure you get a flavour that you like.Zhuangyuan Beans can be bought at specialty hole-in-the-wall vendors as well as grocery stores.A great place to sample many of Nanjings specialty foods all at once is Wanqinglou in Confucius Temple.Btw, generally speaking, foreigners do not like eating animal organs, and also do not used to eat meat with bones, so you should be careful when you try to order the first three kinds of food.Duck Blood and Sweet Potato Starch Noodle Soup (Yaxue Fensi Tang, 鸭血粉丝汤)Baked Duck (Shao Ya, 烧鸭)Nanjing Salty Duck (Nanjing Yanshui Ya, 南京盐水鸭)西方人口语中的禁忌话题age 我曾经问过美国的ROBERT，他说反正比你大，我再进一步追问，他有点恼火。marital status我差一点进一步问income 没问他 因为他正在中国到处找工作property 只知道他住在北卡罗纳州 google地图能看到他家乡美丽的夜景 说不来中国 最多是一个出租司机而已religion 谈过 他一句话I hate churchmen.political views当时911后 他主动涉及政治问题 大骂布什prices of personal belongs没有问及总之，不要问：I，warm，where，meal。I表示income(收入)。warm则每个字母都表示一个词：w代表weight(体重)，a表示age(年龄)，r代表religion(宗教)，m表示marriage(婚姻状况)。Where是指去哪儿。Meal表示吃饭。在我们和西方朋友初次交谈的时候，这七个话题可是不能随便问的哟，否则会被视为很没礼貌。西方人大谈特谈的话题weathersportshobbiesmoviesholidaysbooksjobsmusicstudiesLook at the following sentences, and decide which sentences can be used when meeting foreign guests.1. How much do you earn per month?2. How much did you spend in this car?3. How much money did you spend