Unit 16 The United States of America.doc

Unit 16 The United States of AmericaTeaching goals:(1).Talk about the USA.(2).Practice describing places.(3).Improve students abilities of listening ,speaking and reading.(4).Review the Nonfinite Verbs(5).Master some useful expressions.(6).Write an explanation paragraph.Teaching difficulties:(1).Talk about the USA.(2).Improve students abilities of reading.(3).Review the Nonfinite Verbs.(4).Master some useful expressions. Teaching steps:First period: Warming-up/ listening/ speaking Step1: Leading in T: Hi, everyone. Hello, everybody. Today we are going to learn a new unit about The United States of America. When we talk about a country, what will you talk about?S: T: How much do you know about America?S: .T: Who is the president of America now? Who was the first president of America? How many states are there in America? Whats on the American national flag? When did America become an independent country? What are most famous universities in America? Whats the nickname of New York?S: .T: Yes. First, watch some slides and listen to me telling you about America.Picture 1: the map of AmericaPicture 2: the view of Capital HillPicture 3: the view of Manhattan T: Look at page 41 or the screen. This is a map of the United States of America and two related pictures. Decide the following 8 sentences (on Page 41-42) are true or false.S: .Step2: Listening T: In this part, you will hear a passage about New Yoke city from Wang Xiaos note book. Listen to part 1 and correct the errors in Wang Xiaos notes on page 42.T: listen to part 1 again and answer the questions on page 42.T: listen to part 2 and choose the best answers on page 42.T: listen to part 2 again and answer the questions on page 42.T: Listen to the whole passage again and let the students to repeat the listening texts if necessary. Get a better understanding of it.Step3: speaking.T: Work in pairs, Choose one of the topics below and ask each other questions, Use a map or the useful expressions to help you. What does your hometown look like? Useful expressions:What does it look like? It looks likeHow long/wide/high /tall is the?Itsmeters/ long/ wide/ high/ tall.Step4: HomeworkAsk the students to write a short paragraph about his/her hometown or a city in his/her province.Second period: Reading Teaching goals:(1). Know more about the USA.(2). Learn and master some key language points.(3). Improve students ability of reading comprehension.Step1: Lead-in T: Lets do some quiz about USA . 1. Which flag is American flag? 2. Which city is the capital of the USA?A: New York B: Washington D.C C: Los Angeles 3. George Bush is the _ president in the USA.A.41st & 42nd B. 42rd &43th C. 44th & 45th T: Let us enjoy some pictures on the screen about USA. Then try to put the events below in the right order. 1. The American civil War2. The Great Depression 3. The civil Rights Movements4. The arrival of Native Americans5. The arrival of European settlers Step2: ScanningT: Scan the text quickly and try to choose the best answer.The passage is mainly about _.A. the sufferings in the history of the SouthB. the quick development of the South after the Civil WarC. the Civil Rights Movement of the black peopleD. the famous cities of the SouthStep3: Fast-readingT: Read the text quickly and match parts with main ideas. Para 1 Hope and success of the South Para 2 A new beginning of the SouthPara 3 The suffering of the South in the pastStep4: Careful-readingT: Read the paragraphs one by one carefully and again ,then answer the questions.Read the Paragraph1:The suffering of the South in the past and fill the table below:The native Americans slavesThe South itselfRead Para 2: Hope and success of the South.FieldsDifficultyResultsThe cityBurnt downOnly_ years to be rebuiltEconomy$_A_ business centerHome of _Sports & cultureIn 1996_Be proud of _FieldsDifficultyResultsSociety (civil rights)_ took away many of blacks right.There were _ fights between blacks & whites. _was shot to death._and _could live together._grew _ become successful._ eventually disappearedRead Para 3: Read the last paragraph and then do the following exercises.In the last paragraph, the writer tries to support the point that_.A. The story of the South is about hope and successB. It is hard for the south to develop furtherC. Atlanta, Birmingham, Miami, and Little Rock are southern citiesD. There is no trouble with the development of the SouthStep5: DiscussionWhat did Atlanta use to be like? What is it like now? Step6: HomeworkPreview the grammar Period three: word study Step1: Look up the dictionary, and conclude the usage Step2: Explanation1. recover vt. 恢复原状；恢复；（使身体）复原；找回Hes slowly recovering his strength after a bout of flu. They sought to recover damages, costs, expenses, etc from the firm. Trade soon recovered from the effects of the war.2. overcome vt. 战胜；克服；使（某人）不适Its not a piece of cake to over a bad habit. He overcame a strong temptation to run away. The old man was taken to hospital because of being overcome by gas fumes. 3. insist v. 坚持；坚决要求-You really must go! -All right, if you insist.I insist that you take immediate action to put this right. 当insist意为“坚持主张；坚决要求”时，其后宾语从句的谓语多用“should+动词原形”，其中should可省略。The doctor insisted that the patient (should) take a good rest.We insisted that the meeting (should) be put off.当insist意为“坚持说；坚持认为”时,其后接宾语从句时，谓语用陈述语气，时态根据需要而定。He insists that he is a doctor not a cheat. The insisted that they had nothing to do with the accident.insist on坚持，一定要I always insist on a glass of milk every day. insist on与stick toinsist on多用于“坚持”意见、看法、主张等，含有“坚持（要干某事）”之意，后接名词或v-ing She kept insisting on her innocence. 她坚持说她是清白的。Im afraid I have to insist on the return of my books at once. 对不起，我得坚决要求我的书。stick to多用于“坚持”原则、计划、决定、诺言等。to是介词，后接名词、代词或v-ing形式。You have made a good decision, and you should stick to it. As the manager of the company, he had to stick to the planned rules. 4. aim at 针对；瞄准He aimed his gun at the target, fired and missed it. 他瞄准目标开火，却未打中。Shes aiming at a scholarship. 她争取获得奖学金。My remarks were not aimed at you. 我的话并非针对你说的。We must aim at increasing exports. 我们要求增加出口货物。“动词+ at”构成的常用习语：look at看；laugh at嘲笑；knock at敲打；call at访问（某地）；drop in at访问（某地）； stare at凝视； glance at扫视；throw at朝扔去；should at对大声叫；point at指着 5. make up 弥补，赔偿；补足；拼凑成；配制；包装；（印刷）编排；编制；虚构，捏造，编造（谎言、故事等）；制成；缝制（衣服）；组成，构成 Zhang Yi has to make up the English test I missed last week. 张宜得补上周的英语缺考。Make up deficiency by the surplus. 以盈补亏。The chemist quickly made up the prescription. 药剂师很快就按处方配好了药。The grocer was making up the butter into half a pound packages. 该杂货商正在把黄油装成每包半磅。Youd better make up a list of all our products and their prices .你最好把我们的所有产品及其价格列个表。Linda makes up stories to amuse his little brother. 琳达编故事逗引小弟弟玩。Professor Li is making up a new guide. 李教授正在编一本新旅游指南。The material will be made up into a beautiful dress. 这料子可缝成一件漂亮的女服。As is known, life is made up of tiny trifles. 众所周知，生活是由琐碎的事构成的。Step3: PracticeT: Practice the words and phrases by doing the exercises on the text book.Step4: Homework:赢在课堂英语周报Period four: Grammar 非谓语动词（2）Step1: Explanation(一) 作定语:非谓语动词均可作定语。1. 不定式作定语 被修饰的名词是不定式的逻辑宾语时，不定式用主动形式；若不定式是不及物动词，与所修饰的词有意义上的动宾关系，其后应加一个适当的介词。After she considered the problem, she got a tall box to stand _. A. by B. on C. up D. withThere are five pairs_, but Im at a loss which to buy. (NMET1999上海 )A. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing 不定式可用在the first, the second 以及the last, the only和最高级等后面作定语。She likes to listen to Mr. Lis lessons, so she is always the first to come and the last to leave. 她喜欢听李先生的课，因此她总是第一个到，最后一个离开。2. 过去分词作语: 过去分词用来表示一个完成的或被动的动作。 通常单个的过去分词作前置定语，过去分词短语作后置定语。 developed countries发达国家; a crowded room一间拥护的房间; illness caused by the accident事故引起的疾病;注意：有少数单个过去分词，如left (余下的), given (给出的)等，常作后置定语。 There will only be standing room left for us next century! 下个世纪我们将只有立足之地。The books given are well worth reading. 所给的书很值得读。A man is being questioned in relation to the_ murder last night. (NMET2004江苏)A. advised B. attended C. attempted D. admitted 及物动词的过去分词含有“完成”和“被动”的含义。 The birds shot by the hunter lay on the ground. 被猎人射死的鸟儿在地上。(对于birds来说，shoot的动作是被动的，且已经完成。)注意：并不一定每个及物动词的过去分词都表“完成”和“被动”两种含义，有时可能只有其中一种含义。 Your written exercises should be turned in before Friday. 你的书面作业应在星期五前交上来。（written只表被动）。A larger number of cars were stopped in the crowded street. 大量的车辆被堵在拥挤的街道上。（crowded只表示完成）Prices of daily goods_ through a computer can be lower than store prices. A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying 过去分词作定语可改为一个定语从句。如：boiled water(开水) = water which (that) was boileda mixed group (一个男女生混合组) = a group which (that) was mixedThe computer center,_ last year, is very popular among the students in the school. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened3. v-ing形式作定语v-ing形式作定语，具有形容词的性质。一般说来，单个分词作前置定语；分词短语作后置定语。v-ing形式在含义上表主动或进行，也可表示经常性、习惯性的动作。the coming week下周; the sleeping children睡觉的孩子们We live in a room facing the south. 我们住在一间朝南的房间里。Mr. Smith,_ of the_ speech, started to read a novel. A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring(二) 作状语 :非谓语动词均可用状语。1. 不定式作状语不定式作状语主要用来表示目的，有时也可以表示结果和原因。为了强调目的，有时可把不定式放在句首，或在不定式前加in order 或so as。Tom kept quiet about the accident_lose his job. A. so not as to B. so as not to C. so as to not D. not so as to_ late in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm. (NMET2001春)A.To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having slept2. v-ing形式作状语v-ing形式作状语，相当于一个表示原因、时间、方式、条件、结果等的状语从句。根据需要可用被动式或完成式。原因状语 Being ill, she cant go to work today. 因为生病，她今天不能上班。时间状语 While watching TV, he falls asleep. 看电视时，他睡着了。方式或伴随状语They lay on the grass, looking at the sky. 他们躺在草地上，望着天空。条件状语 Being prepared, we shall pass the test. 如果有所准备，我们会通过测试的。结果状语 A letter has just come, thus relieving him from anxiety. 信刚来，因而解除了他Though_ money, his parents managed to send him to university. A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in_ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. (NMET2001)A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered3. 过去分词作状语过去分词作状语时，表示它与主语之间是被动关系，通常可表示原因、时间、条件、让步和伴随等。原因状语Inspired by her example, the League members worked even harder.时间状语Once published, this book will become a best seller. 这本书一旦出版，将会成为畅销书。条件状语Unite, we stand; divided, we fall. 团结则存，分裂则亡。让步状语Beaten by the opposite team, the players were not discouraged and practiced even harder. 虽然被对方打败，但队员们没有泄气，更加刻苦训练。伴随状语The scientist entered the lab, followed by his assistants. 那位科学家走进实验室，后面跟着他的助手们。Generally speaking, _according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken_ time, hell make a first-class tennis player. (NMET2003北京)A. Having B. To give C. Giving D. GivenThe research is so designed that once _nothing can be done to change it. (NMET 2002)A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun(三) 非谓语动词使用注意事项1. 不定式的用法注意以下几点： 下列短语后接不带to 的不定式：had better, would rather, why not, cannot help but 及rather than, other than等。In that case, there is nothing you can do_ than wait.A. more B. other C. better D. anyRather than_ on a crowded bus, he always prefers _ a bicycle. A. ride; ride B. riding; ride C. ride; to ride D. to ride; riding 不定式to的内容的省略：a. 形容词后不定式的省略，常用形容词有：happy, glad, ready, eager, anxious 等。-Ill be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat?-Not at all._ A. Ive no time B. Id rather not C. Id like it D. Id be happy tob. 宾语补足语、主语补足语中不定式的省略，常用动词有：ask, tell, order, persuade, advise, wish, permit, allow等。The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother todl him_. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to c. 动词后不定式的省略，常用动词有:like, love, hope, wish, mean, want, refuse, try, advise, persuade等。-Will you go to the theatre, Miss Brown?-Sorry，_. A.I want B. I dont want to C. Im glad to D. Id liked. 在某些固定词组，如：ought to, have to, used to, be able to, be going to 等后也可省略不定式。-Alice, why didnt you come yesterday?-I _, but I had an unexpected visitor. (NMET1997)A. had B. would C. was going to D. did2. v-ing形式和过去分词作独立成分英语中有几个特殊的分词可用作独立成分，如given (that)意为“假设；如果；考虑到”；providing/ provided (that) 意为“假定”；supposing/ suppose (that)意为“假如”；considering (that) 意为“考虑到”；seeing (that) 意为“既然”等。_ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation. A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given3. 非谓语动词作状语的句型结构非谓语动词作状语时，一是它相当于一个状语从句，二是它逻辑上的主语必须和句子的主语一致。In order to improve English,_. A. Jennys father bought her a lot of tapes B. Jenny bought a lot of tapes for herselfC. a lot of tapes were bought by Jenny D. a lot of tapes were bought by Jennys fatherFinding her car stolen, _. A. a policeman was asked to help B. the area was searched thoroughly C. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman fro helpStep2: Practice 1. The old man,_ abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland.A. to work B. working C. to have worked D. having worked2._ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared3. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only_ the film stars had left. A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told4.