护理专业汉译英翻译

应该说，机构照料和居家照料各有利弊。照顾失能老人的家属有说不出的苦楚。照顾有精神疾病的老人，辛苦、繁琐足以让照料者身心疲惫。不争的事实是，多子女家庭都难以承担老年照料的重任，更不要说独生子女家庭了。居家照料需要儿女、配偶或者保姆照顾，空巢独居老人的生存风险是很大的。的确，认为居家养老的成本比机构养老低是一种误会，事实恰恰相反。如果真到动不了再进养老机构，成本会很高。目前我国居家养老的成本呈上升的趋势，实现养老效用最大化越来越困难。公共机构养老的成本比较稳定，能够更大程度地满足老年人生活照顾方面的需求。综上所述，入住养老院主要有以下优势：（1）可以减少孤独。老年人有机会和服务员以及其他老人唠唠嗑，舒缓精神上的孤寂。（2）生活有安全感。当老年人身边无子女或没有配偶时，独自起居很不安全，容易发生意外事件，在养老院则24小时有人值班，一旦发生意外，会有人及时处理。（3）减轻家庭养老压力。老年人住养老院减轻了子女的养老压力，有利于家人和老人生活质量的提高。（4）提高老人生活质量。人到老年，或多或少有些疾病且多为慢性病，在养老院可以得到有计划的健康管理和治疗，生活更有规律，一日三餐营养均衡，运动及娱乐活动适度，有利于身心健康。此外，养老机构可以向老人提供专业化、高效的老龄服务，尤其是临终老人，在养老机构可以得到更多关怀和专业护理。 摘自翻译：It should be said that institutional care and home care each has advantages and disadvantages. The caregivers of disabled elders have unspeakable pain, especially those caregivers who care for the elders with mental illness, they suffering exhaustion both in body and mind. An indisputable fact is that it is difficult to take care of the elderly for multiple-child families, let alone the one-child family. Home care needs children, spouse or nannies to provide care for elders, while the empty nest elderly people living alone haveserioussubsistencerisks. Most people make the mistake of thinking that the cost of home care is lower than institutional care, butthe realityis theopposite. Spouses and adult children of the older people often care for their disabled family member themselves until the health status of the disabled older people deteriorates too far. At this point, they sent their parents to a long term care facility, the cost will be high. At present,thecosts of home care in China areon therise, it is hard to achieve socialwelfaremaximization. While the costs of institutional care are relatively stable, it can provide the elderly with personal care and instrumental daily help toalargeextent.In conclusion,institutional care has the following advantages: 1) Reducing the loneliness of elders. The elderly have the opportunity to talk with the caregivers or other elders to relieve emotional loneliness. 2) Providing the sense of security for the elderly. When elders live without children or spouse around, living alone can make themhighlyaccidentprone, while in nursing homes caregivers are on dutyfor24hours, once an accident occurs, there will be timely treatment. 3) Reducing the family pension pressure. The elderly living in nursing homes can reduce the pension pressure which is beneficial to improve the quality of life of the elders and their families. (4) Improvingthelifequalityoftheelders. Elders often have more or less disease, especially chronic disease. Health management and treatment can be planned in nursing homes, the elderly have more regular life there. The elderly have three meals a day, balanced nutrition, appropriate sports and recreational activities in nursing homes, which all are conducive to physical and mental health for them. In addition, the pension agencies can provide professional, efficient service to th