2018年上海春季高考题.doc

2018年上海春季高考第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选项涂黑。AHornimanMuseumand GardensTheHornimanMuseumand Gardens is a fascinating, family-friendly attraction inSouth Londons Forest Hill. It has been open since Victorian times when Frederick John Horniman first opened his house and extraordinary collection of objects to visitors. It includes internationally important collections of anthropology (人类学) and musical instruments, as well as a highly praised aquarium (水族馆) and natural history collection. Unusually in such an important museum, you can see the collection up close and face to face. You can even pick up, try on and play with some of the objects. Visitors come time and time again to explore the museum, take part in various activities and enjoy the 16-acre gardens.Join Horniman membersBecome a member of theHornimanMuseumand Gardens and enjoy a year of inspiration, surprise and enjoyment at our wonderful family-friendly Museum and Gardens. By joining as a member, you will receive some fantastic benefits.Join today with just 20 and receive:Free entry to the aquarium. Enjoy free, unlimited entry to our much-loved aquarium.Free entry to exhibitions. Explore the world with free, unlimited entry to our exhibitions.10% discount at the shop. Bring some of the Hornimans magic home with a 10% discount in our shop.Free e-newsletter. Learn more about whats happening at the Horniman and be the first to hear about upcoming members events.How to join Horniman membersYou can join Horniman members online or by visiting the Ticket Desk at the Horniman.Save 4 if you pay yearly by direct debit (银行自动扣款)download the form, and either post to us or bring to the Ticket Desk.Remember all children under 3 go free throughout the museum.21.What do we know about the HornimanMuseum and Gardens?A.People can visit it free of charge anytime.B.It was started by Horniman in Victorian times.C.There are many rare animals and plants in it.D.It offers unusual exhibits that cannot be touched.22.What benefits can the members of the Horniman get?a. Enjoying a 10% discount on admission.b. Entering the aquarium for free for a year,c. Visiting the museum for free all the time.d. Being kept informed of the newest information.A.a，bB.b, dC.a, dD.a, c23.How much should Mr. and Mrs. Smith pay yearly by direct debit to join Horniman members with their 2-year-old son?A.32.B.20.C.40.D.48.BTwenty-five years ago, as a parent educator, I began reading about the dangers of praise. I was completely shocked by what I was learning: praise is not good for kids. How could that be? So I spent years talking with experts, reading about the effects of praise, and finally decided to close the door on praise and focus on building an encouraging family.Even today, with many studies available to parents, I still hear people say, “How can that be? How can saying Good job or Youre smart be bad?” I understand. It can be a difficult habit to break.If we tell a boy “You are smart!” when he brings home an A in his math test, how does he feel when he comes home with a D? If weve told him that he is smart, then he will more likely feel a failure when he struggles with homework“Im supposed to be smart. Why cant I do this?”Praise trains children to depend on constant feedback on what a “great job” they are doing. This dependency damages childrens confidence. Praise trains children to ask, “Do you like it?” “Did I do a good job?” They begin to believe that what others think is more important than what they think about their achievements and mistakes.Praise breaks the relationship between parents and children. Without even realizing it, parents may be using praise as a tool to direct the childs behavior. The message is clear I approve of you when you . and I dont approve of you when you . Living with this kind of constant judgment damages the relationship.The solution to the problem of praise is encouragement. Encouragement can be given at any time, to anyone, in any situation. It is a comment, an acknowledgment, a statement that focuses on effort, improvement or choice. Hearing “You are smart!” can leave a child at a loss when they dont do well. Using “That took a lot of work to come home with an A in your test ” gives a child the chance to be something else.24.What can be inferred from the first two paragraphs?A.Many parents cant get on well with their children.B.The author never shows any approval to his children.C.The author spent 25 years changing peoples opinion on praise.D.Its hard for many parents to believe praise is harmful.25.According to the passage, it seems that parents praise _.A.can lead to childrens being smartB.helps them get along well with their childrenC.is a good tool to educate their childrenD.might have just the opposite effect26.Which of the following is a good example of encouragement?A.You didnt think you could finish on time, but you did.B.You are the best artist I have ever seen.C.You have a problem and you have to fix it.D.You are very good at math.27.What can be the best title for the passage?A.A study on praise and encouragementB.Mind your words when praising your childrenC.Replace praise with your encouragementD.The difference between praise and encouragementCSeventy-three-year-old George McNeilon selected his food in Value Mart very carefully. After leaving the cashier, he calculated that he had saved 80 cents and thought that he had got good value for his money again.At the exit, the chilly wind reminded him of his gloves. “Where are they?” He searched here and there, but nowhere could he find them. George was sure he was wearing them when he entered the store. It was obvious that they must have been dropped somewhere inside the store.George bought the gloves at a 25% discount, for just $30, ten years ago. They were genuine lambskin (小羊皮). Until then, he had worn cheaper ones that lasted no more than three years. His impulsive decision to buy the expensive gloves turned out to be a good one, which even promoted his social status on the bus, as passengers stared at him enviously for six months out of the year. He enjoyed being envied.Bad luck, George thought, to lose his gloves on New Years Eve. He, calm on the outside but frantic in the inside, reentered the store. Several minutes of search turned out to be in vain. “Society has changed. People have changed he murmured to himself. “Years ago, if people picked up something lost, they would give it back.”Back home, George was at a loss. In deep winter, he could not do anything without a pair of gloves.After the holiday, George decided to buy another pair of leather gloves. Before boarding the subway, he stepped into Value Mart again to see if by any chance his gloves had been returned to the lost and found office.“What color are they?” the woman in the office asked.“Black,” he answered.She looked into her drawer and drew out a pair of mens leather gloves.“Are they?”“Yes! Those are mine!”28.What is the most probable reason for Georges shopping?A.To kill time in Value Mart as usual.B.To prove how wise he was with money.C.To prepare for the coming New Year.D.To see whether there were gloves on sale.29.Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “frantic” inPara. 4?A.Ashamed.B.Anxious. C.Afraid.D.Angry.30.What do we know about old George McNeilon?A.Economical but vain.B.Clever but simple.C.Pure but impolite.D.Warmhearted but poor.31.What can be inferred from the passage?A.In daily life, accidents will happen.B.A penny saved is a penny earned.C.Never ever jump to conclusions.D.A loss may turn out to be a gain.DThe sharing economy, represented by companies like Airbnb or Uber, is the latest fashion craze. But many supporters have overlooked the reality that this new business model is largely based on escaping regulations and breaking the law.Airbnb is an Internet-based service that allows people to rent out spare rooms to strangers for short stays. Uber is an Internet taxi service that allows thousands of people to answer ride requests with their own cars. There are hundreds of other such services.The good thing about the sharing economy is that it promotes the use of underused resources. Millions of people have houses or apartments with empty rooms, and Airbnb allows them to profit from these rooms while allowing guests a place to stay at prices that are often far less than those charged by hotels. Uber offers prices that are competitive with standard taxi prices and their drivers are often much quicker and more trustworthy.But the downside of the sharing economy has gotten much less attention. Most cities and states both tax and regulate hotels, and the tourists who stay in hotels are usually an important source of tax income. But many of Airbnbs customers are not paying the taxes required under the law.Airbnb can also raise issues of safety for its customers and trouble for hosts neighbors. Hotels are regularly inspected to ensure that they are not fire traps and that they dont form other risks for visitors. Airbnb hosts face no such inspections.Since Airbnb is allowing people to escape taxes and regulations, the company is simply promoting thefts. Others in the economy will lose by bearing an additional tax burden or being forced to live next to an apartment unit with a never-ending series of noisy visitors.The same story may apply with Uber. Uber is currently in disputes over whether its cars meet the safety and insurance requirements imposed on standard taxis. Also, if Uber and related services flood the market, they could harm all taxi drivers ability to earn a minimum wage.This downside of the sharing needs to be taken seriously, but that doesnt mean the current tax and regulatory structure is perfect.32.What is the positive thing about the sharing economy?A.It is a global trend.B.It is beyond regulations.C.It brings in modest profits.D.It takes advantage of spare resources.33.What is the problem with Airbnb customers according to the passage?A.They can be noisy to hosts neighbours.B.They are likely to commit thefts.C.They are allowed not to pay taxes.D.They are not regularly inspected.34.What is the argument over Uber according to the passage?A.Whether it provides reliable services.B.Whether it guarantees customers safety.C.Whether it lowers customers expenses.D.Whether it can compete with standard taxis.35.What will be talked about in the following paragraphs?A.Existing regulations and laws.B.Further development of Airbnb and Uber.C.Necessary improvements of current laws.D.More downsides of Airbnb and Uber.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Americans are obsessed (着迷的) with telling their life stories. This phenomenon isnt simply the product of the technological world._36_. People are eager to tell stories and are fascinated by those of others. Even at preschool, “sharing time” is a common Monday-morning activity where the teenagers will sit in a circle and take turns telling a story about something they did over the weekend._37_. In many Asian countries, talking about and drawing attention to oneself can be seen as socially inappropriate. People are often unwilling to share their life stories and do not encourage others to do so. But there are also times when Asians do share their stories._38_. Asians believe that a person is largely decided by his or her social status and relationships, leaving little reason to broadcast detailed and revealing personal stories to establish a unique self.Ironically, the more unique Americans strive to be, the greater their need to feel connected with others. In their culture of individuality, relationships are highly mobile and can be easily formed or dissolved (破裂).Sharing personal stories brings them closer through the exchange of thoughts, feelings and desires._39_. But this motivation is not nearly as strong among Asians, for whom social relations are generally unconditional, obligatory(义不容辞的) and stable, and therefore require little maintenance (维护)._40_. American parents encourage children to share their stories and create opportunities to re-experience the past with children. Asian parents, by contrast, engage their children in telling personal stories less frequently. When they do talk about a childs experiences, they are not particularly concerned with parent-child bonding but tend to focus on disciplining the child.A.It helps them shape their “selves” and makes them who they are.B.They tend to focus more on outer facts than personal details.C.Talking about personal stories is to cheer people on with positive feelings.D.It connects them like many different points, holding their society together.E.Sharing personal stories is also an essential part in everyday conversations.F.Parents inAmericaandAsiadiffer in how they share memories with children.G.Interestingly, this obsession is not necessarily shared in other cultures.第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。I still remember it was in the winter of 1990 that, together with the help of my older sister, I_41_down my wishes for Christmas onto a piece of paper. How I wished on Christmas Eve my grandest wish would be_42_and placed under the Christmas treea puppy. When we were done, our wish-lists were collected by our parents with the promise to be_43_to Santas hard-working helpers.The next day, our parents sat us down in the living-room, with_44_ expressions on their faces. As it_45_, they had seen our wishes, now wanting to talk to us about one wish_46_ the puppy. For a moment, I held my breath, but was_47_when they told us that they werent against a puppy. What they_48_against was putting it under the Christmas tree. That was not a good idea.They_49_taught us that an animal was not a gift that belonged to the same_50_as our toys. Animals were creatures with_51_. Once we decide to have one, it would be a (an)_52_to our family. An animal_53_a lot of responsibilities. It wasnt anything one bought out of a mood. An animal could not be exchanged or_54_when we didnt feel like it. A animal wasnt a toy. An animal was a_55_family member that needed lots of love and attention. An animal was not a_56_, but a family decision. A serious decision. And a big decision._57_, my Parents share my love for animals, so the decision came reasonably_58_. After our grandparents had given their_59_up for taking care of the dog, while we were on future vacations, the answer was yes. Yes, we would get a puppy.The following days and weeks, there was only one_60_：our new family member! Yes, a family member, because animals have their rights. They are not simply food or gifts. We humans must attend, love and protect them.41.A.leftB.gotC.pulledD.set42.A.fulfilledB.declinedC.challengedD.rejected43.A.given awayB.taken onC.passed onD.put up44.A.dangerousB.curiousC.mysteriousD.serious45.A.taken outB.turned outC.run outD.held out46.A.in peaceB.in orderC.in returnD.in particular47.A.relievedB.frightenedC.inspiredD.pardoned48.A.objectedB.protestedC.opposedD.resisted49.A.hurriedlyB.patientlyC.anxiouslyD.roughly50.A.categoryB.routineC.scheduleD.arrangement51.A.secretsB.feelingsC.charactersD.sufferings52.A.convenienceB.traditionC.heritageD.extension53.A.signedB.attainedC.meantD.guaranteed54.A.put forwardB.put upC.put offD.put aside55.A.preciousB.originalC.responsibleD.native56.A.puzzleB.servantC.giftD.victim57.A.LuckilyB.RidiculouslyC.ParticularlyD.Negatively58.A.difficultB.contradictoryC.easyD.concrete59.A.toesB.thumbsC.nosesD.eyes60.A.topicB.argumentC.prejudiceD.theme第II卷第三部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式World Read Aloud Day is celebrated each year on the first Wednesday of March._61_(start) by the LitW website in 2010, it has now reached 65 countries._62_aim is to encourage people worldwide who cannot read to enjoy the benefits of a book. The website asks everyone_63_(celebrate) the day by taking a book, finding an audience, and reading out aloud. It is about taking action to show the world that the right to read and write_64_(belong) to all people.The website asks visitors to join in the movement to reduce_65_number of illiterate (不识字的) people in the world. It is_66_(absolute) necessary to help those who cannot read. The website says, “Its time to start by reading aloud to_67_might like it. Share a book with a child who might need it, share a story with someone who would treasure it, and listen patiently to someone_68_(else) story as they share with you.” The United Nations says, “Literacy involves a variety of learning in enabling individuals to achieve their goals, to develop their_69_(knowledge), and to participate fully in society.” In that way, World Read Aloud Day does help make a_7