高三英语：Module 5《The Conquest of the UniverseGrammar》测试课件（外研版选修8）.ppt

module5 theconquestoftheuniverse 高中第八册 grammar nounclauses 1 whatwefindoutfromspaceresearchisimportantforusonearth 2 thefactthatwecannottravelfasterthanlightmeansthatitwilltakealongtimetoreachthoseplanet 3 itisnaturalthattheyshouldhavedifferentviews 4 theteachershowedusthecontrolsofthespacecraftandexplainedhowgravityworked 5 likeeveryschoolboyihadthoughtthatgoingintospaceasanastronautmustbethebestjobintheworld 6 thequestionpeopleareaskingiswhatthespaceprogrammeisgoingtocost 名词性从句相当于名词 可分别作主句的主语 表语 宾语和同位语 因此 名词性从句可分为主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句和同位语从句 一 引导名词性从句的连接词1 连接代词 who whose whom what which有词义 在从句中担任成分 如主语 表语 宾语 或定语等 2 连接副词 when where why how有词义 在从句中担任成分 作状语 3 连接词 that whether if asifthat无词义 在从句中不担任成分 有时可省略 if whether asif虽有词义 但在从句中不担任成分 注意 连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句 因而从句中谓语不用疑问式 连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分 连接词whether和if 是否 asif 好像 在从句中不充当句子成分 只起连接作用 根据句义 如果连接代词与连接副词 whether if和asif都用不上时 才用that作连接词 that本身无任何含义 二 主语从句1 主语从句在复合句中作主语 e g whowillgoisnotimportant 2 用it作形式主语 主语从句放在句末 e g itdoesn tmattersomuchwhetheryouwillcomeornot 3 that引导主语从句时 不能省略 e g thathesuddenlyfellilllastweekmadeussurprised 三 表语从句1 表语从句在复合句中作表语 位于系动词之后 e g thequestionwaswhocouldgothere 2 引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去 e g myideais that wecangetmorecomradestohelpinthework 四 宾语从句1 宾语从句在复合句中作宾语 引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略 e g ihope that everythingisallright 2 介词之后的宾语从句 不可用which或if连接 要分别用what或whether e g i minterestedinwhetheryou vefinishedthework i minterestedinwhatyou vesaid 3 whether与if都可以引导宾语从句 常可互换 但下面情况不能互换 1 宾语从句是否定句时 只用if 不用whether e g iwonderifitdoesn train 2 用if会引起误解 就要用whether e g pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouwanttogo 此句如果把whether改成if 容易当成条件句理解 3 宾语从句中的whether与ornot直接连用 就不能换成if 不直接连用 可换 e g idon tknowwhetherornotthereportistrue idon tknowwhether ifthereportistrueornot 4 介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导 whether可与不定式连用 whether也可引导主语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 还可引导让步状语从句 以上均不能换成if 但引导条件从句时 只能用if 而不能用whether e g itdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughtime theydon tknowwhethertogothere pleasecometoseemeifyouhavetime 五 同位语从句同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语 一般位于该名词 如 news fact idea suggestion promise等 之后 说明该名词的具体内容 e g ihavenoideawhenhewillbeback thefactthathehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedeverybody 高考链接 1 mattersmostinlearningenglishisenoughpractice 2007全国ii a whatb whyc whered which2 hereferredtoinhisarticlewasunknowntothegeneralreader 2007上海 a thatb whatc whetherd where 3 thetraditionalviewis wesleepbecauseourbrainis programmed tomakeusdoso 2007上海 a whenb whyc whetherd that4 couldispeakto isinchargeofinternationalsales please 2007山东 a anyoneb someonec whoeverd nomatterwho 5 youcanonlybesureof youhaveatpresent youcannotbesureofsomething youmightgetinthefuture 2007安徽 a that whatb what c which thatd that6 thelawyerseldomwearsanythingotherthanasuit theseason 2008全国i a whateverb whereverc wheneverd however 7 thecompaniesareworkingtogethertocreate theyhopewillbethebestmeansoftransportinthe21stcentury 2008北京 a whichb thatc whatd who8 thenews ourathleteswonanothergoldmedalwasreportedinyesterday snewspaper 2008上海春 a whichb whetherc whatd that 9 wearesureaboutistheneedtopreventchildrenfrombeingspoiled 2008上海春 a whatb whichc whetherd that10 ashisbestfriend icanmakeaccurateguessesabout hewilldoorthink 2008上海 a whatb whichc whomd that 11 ithasbeenproved eatingvegetablesinchildhoodhelpstoprotectyouagainstseriousillnessesinlaterlife 2008上海 a ifb becausec whend that12 thelasttimewehadgreatfunwas wewerevisitingthewaterpark 2008天津 a whereb howc whend why 13 peopleinchongqingareproudof theyhaveachievedinthepasttenyears 2008重庆 a thatb whichc whatd how14 wasmostimportanttoher shetoldme washerfamily 2008山东 a itb thisc whatd as 15 studentsarealwaysinterestedinfindingout theycangowithanewteacher 2008安徽 a howfarb howsoonc howoftend howlong16 wantstostayinahotelhastopaytheirownway 2008浙江 a anyoneb theonec whoeverd who 17 somechildrenwanttochallengethemselvesbylearningalanguagedifferentfrom theirparentsspeakathome 2008浙江 a whatb thatc whichd one18 whenasked theyneededmost thekidssaidtheywantedtofeelimportantandloved 2008湖南 a whatb whyc who