高三连词和状语从句

连词 概说 连词是一种虚词 用于连接单词 短语 从句或句子 在句子中不单独用作句子成分 连词按其性质可分为并列连词和从属连词 1 并列连词用于连接并列的单词 短语 从句或句子 如and but or for等 2 从属连词主要引出名词性从句 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句等 和状语从句 时间状语从句 条件状语从句 目的状语从句等 引出名词性从句的连词如that whether等 引出状语从句的连词如when because since if等 一并列连词 表示联合 and both and either or neither nor notonly but also aswellas when就在这时等 表示选择 or orelse either or neither nor 表示转折 but yet 表示因果 for so 表示对比 while Practice Hedidn tgo shedidn tgoeither Turndownthemusic you llbecomplained Hemustbeill heisabsenttoday Greatprogresshasbeenmade muchstillremainstobedone Chinaisadevelopingcountry theUSisadevelopedone or and for yet while 二从属连词 引导名词性从句 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句和同位语从句 引导状语从句 时间状语从句 条件状语从句 目的状语从句等 1引导名词性从句的连接词 A 连词 5个 1 that不仅没不充当句子成分 而且没有词义 在句子中只起连接作用2 if whether虽不充当句子成分 但有词义 即表示 是否 3 asif asthough 均表示 好像 似乎 如 Herepliedthathewasgoingbytrain Iwonderifit slargeenough IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings Shelooksasifsheweretenyearsyounger B 连接代词 what whatever who whoever whom whose whichC 连接副词 when where how why等 2引导状语从句的从属连词有 时间状语从句 when while as before after since until till once 条件状语从句 if unless as so longas incase 目的状语从句 inorderthat sothat 结果状语从句 sothat so that such that原因状语从句 because as since now that 让步状语从句 although though evenif though while however whatever whoever whenever 方式状语从句 as asif asthough地点状语从句 where wherever everywhere anywhere比较状语从句 than as as 一 引导时间状语从句的从属连词 when while as before after since until till oncewhenever Heenteredtheroom wewerewatchingTV Pleasebequiet Iamdoinghomework Thestudentstooknotes theylistened Hedidn tgetup thealarmclockwentoff Theyworkedonthefarm itwasdark It be justaweeksincewearrivedhere I write tohimtwicesinceIleftschool 一 when可以和延续性动词连用 也可以和短暂性动词连用 而while和as只能和延续性动词连用 二 since引导的从句谓语动词经常是瞬间性动词的一般过去时 主句中的谓语动词为延续性动词的现在完成时 when while as until until is hasbeen havewritten when while as的区别 一 when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前 之后或同时发生 while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生 1 从句动作在主句动作前发生 只用when Whenhehadfinishedhishomework hetookashortrest WhenIgottotheairport theguestshadleft 2 从句动作和主句动作同时发生 且从句动作为延续性动词时 when while as都可使用 When While Asweweredancing astrangercamein When While Asshewasmakingaphonecall Iwaswritingaletter 二 当主句 从句动作同时进行 从句动作的时间概念淡化 而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时 只能用as 这时 as常表示 随着 一边 一边 之意 Asthetimewenton theweathergotworse 随着时间的推移 气候更加糟糕 Thelittlegirlssangastheywent 小姑娘们一边走 一边唱 引导时间状语从句的其他词组 assoonas themoment minute second instant directly immediately instantly 表示 一 就 each everytime nexttime thefirst lasttime hardly scarcely when nosooner than 翻译 他回来我会告诉他一切的 每次我感冒时 我都会背痛 什么时候你有空都可以来 刚做完我就后悔了 Iwilltellhimeverythingwhenhecomesback EachtimeIcatchacold Ihavepaininmyback Youcancomewheneveryouarefree IhadhardlydoneitwhenIregrettedit 二 引导地点状语从句的从属连词 where wherever1 Thechurchwasbuilt therehadoncebeenaRomantemple 2 thereisawill thereisaway 3 Hislittledaughterfollowshim hegoes where Where wherever 三 引导原因状语从句的从属连词 because since asnow that 既然 由于 seeing that 因为 鉴于 既然 considering that 鉴于 Shewasangry wewerelate itisraining weshallnotgotothezoo youdon ttrusthim youshouldnotemployhim Itwas hedidn tfeelgoodthathemissedthelecture because As Since because eg Wemuststartearly consideringthatwehavealongwaytogo because引导的从句表示说话人认为这种原因或理由是听话人所不知道的 是全句的重心所在 其语气最重 通常位于主句之后 若强调原因 也可置主句之前 此外 because引导的状语从句还可以用于强调句中 其它则不能 还要注意的是 在回答why的提问时或原句有just only not but 等副词强调原因时必须用because since和as引导的从句一般位于主句之前 表示不重要的或已知的原因 从语气上看 because语气最强 since as依次递减 for不说明原因 只表示一种附带或补充的解释说明 或表示推理 for引导的句子只能放在主句之后 是并列连词 而非从属连词 Itmustbemorningnow forbirdsaresinging 四 引导条件状语从句的从属连词 if unless incase 如果 万一 as so longas oncondition that 如果 provided providing that 表条件 suppose supposing表假设1 Doyoumind Iopenthewindow 2 itrains thegamewillbeplayed 3 thereisafire whatwillyoudofirst 4 Youcangoswimming youdon tgotoofarfromtheriverbank 5 suppose anythingshouldgowrong whatwouldyoudothen 注意 和时间状语从句一样 条件状语从句如果表示将来时间 要用一般现在时表将来 if Unless Incase onconditionthat Suppose Supposing 五 引导目的状语从句的从属连词 inorderthat sothat forfearthat 唯恐 just incase 以免 以防 lest 以免 他提高了嗓音 以便每个人都能听见 2 带上雨伞 以防下雨 3 Heputhismoneyinthesafe n 保险箱 itshouldbestolen 4 Wedarenotplayjokesonhimlestheshouldbeangry Heraisedhisvoicesothateveryonecouldhear Takeyourumbrella just incaseitrains forfearthat 目的状语从句中的谓语动词前常有情态动词如may might can could或should would等 六 引导结果状语从句的从属连词 sothat so that such that1 Iwenttothelectureearly Igotagoodseat 2 Heis niceateacher thateverystudentlikeshim 3 Hemade anexcellentspeed itbroketheoldrecord sothat sothat suchthat 注意 such可以修饰复数名词或不可数名词 而so不可以 so可以与many few much little等修饰的名词搭配使用 而such不可以 1 Therewere manypeopleonthebusitwashardtogeton 2 Theyare usefulbooksthatyoushouldmakegooduseofthem 3 Itwas fineweatherwewentforapicniclastweekend so such such 七 引导让步状语从句的从属连词 although though as while evenif though whether or however whatever whoever whenever wherever nomatterhow what who when where hewasexhausted still hekeptonworking theweatherisgoodorbad we llsetoffasplanned Youwon tmovethatstone strongyouare 4 youare youmustobeytherules 5 WhileIadmitthatthereareproblems Idon tagreethattheycannotbesolved Although Though however Whoever Nomatterwho Whether as引导的让步状语从句必须以部分倒装的形式出现 被倒装的部分可以是表语 状语或动词原形 though也可用于这样的结构中 但although不可以这样用 Although Thoughhewasachild heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo Child hewas heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo as though 八 引导方式状语从句的从属连词 as asif asthough1 WheninRome doastheRomansdo 2 Hetreatsthegirlasif thoughshewerehisowndaughter 九 引导比较状语从句的从属连词 than as as notas so as1 他们比我们勤奋 2 我妹妹和我一样高 3 他工作不像她那样努力 Theyworkharderthanwedo Hedoesn tworkashardasshedoes MysisterisastallasI me 1 Iamnotangrywithhim nomatterwhat whateverjokesheplaysonme 让步状语从句2 MrsBrucewassokindtoherstudentsthattheyregardedherastheirmother 由so that引导的结果状语从句中 其结构是 so 形容词 副词 that 从句 3 Ifitdoesn traintomorrow wewillgotherebybike 引导条件状语从句的if不能用whether替换 4 Willyouplea