1997以来年考研英语真题作文.doc

1997年考研英语真题作文 Directions: A. Study the following set of pictures carefully and write an essay in no less than 120 words. B. Your essay must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET. C. Your essay should cover all the information provided and meet the requirements below:OUTLINE: 1. Interpret the following picture. 2. Predict the tendency of tobacco consumption and give your reasons.【审题解题】 1997年考研英语写作经历了一次重大变革由传统的命题作文转向图画作文与图表作文虽然之后对此类型进行了不断的改进，但这一总的趋势一直沿用至今。写作的字数由120至150字改为不少于120字，为第二年提高字数打下了基础。这篇文章没有题目，写作时也不必加上。这是一个比较复杂的图表题，出现了一个柱状图，一个饼状图和另外两个数据（单个数据无法称为图表，合在一起只能称为图画）。绘出英文提纲这一点始终没有改变。这里分为两点，可写作两，第一点是解释下面的图画，第二点是预测烟草消费的趋势并给出原因。 这里我们必须清楚吸烟人口比例与吸烟损失（包括金钱与生命）都是绝对数字，都是相当惊人的，而烟草总产量是呈递减趋势的两个数字，也是预测的出发点。这 里提纲中的第一点是阐释图画实际上就没概括地描述数字这里我们可将前三个数据放在第一段，瑞加上统领句；然后把后一对数据放在第二段，以做为趋势预测 的基础。第二段可以这样写：首句描述这一对数据，次句作预测，而后分两方面来说，最后一句做结，这样整个段落和整篇文章都可以达到前后呼应的效果了。【核心词汇】 arouse / receive attention / concern 引起/受到注意/关注 As is indicated / shown by the pictures 如图所示 Witness a decrease 目睹了减少（拟人手法） Win the fight / battle against smoking 取得后烟战斗的胜利【参考范文】 The problem of smoking has received more and more concern from all over the world. As is indicated by the pictures, smokers for nearly 20% of the world population. And tobacco has caused a loss of 200 billion U.S. dollars and claimed 3 million lives annually.However, it is billion that the world tobacco production witnessed a decrease from 14.364 billion pounds in 1994 to 14.2 in 1995. according to this change. I confidently believe that there will be less and less tobacco consumption in the future, generally for two reasons. On the one hand, being aware of the harm of smoking, more and more people join in the fight against it. They either try their best to give up smoking or advise others not to smoke any longer.On the other hand, many governments have attached more attention to this social hazard and take various measures to put an end to it. Therefore, I have every reason to believe that the fight against smoking will be won by us human beings at last.【黄金模板】 The problem of has received more and more concern from all over As is indicated by the pictures. However, According to this change. . Generally for two reasons. On the one hand, On the other hand, Therefore. I have every reason to believe that 【妙笔生花】 首段第二句中的account for表示“占”。第三句中的造成金钱的损失用“cause a loss of。”，夺去生命用“claim lives”，用在同一句话中显得比较紧凑，句中的annually表示“每年地”。 次段首句一定要把变化的趋势写出来，所以用了witness a decrease fromintoin的结构。第二句很关键，不仅做了预测，而且起了承上启下的作用，这主要是借助了句首的According to this change和句末的generally for two reasons。第四句中的social hazard表示“社会危害”，take various measures to put an end to it表示“采取各种措施消灭它”。最后一句包含一宾语从句，have every reason to 表示“有充分理由相信”；从句中使用被动句强调了主语。例文一We meet smokers everywhere: in the streets, on college campuses and in shops. There are 5.8 billion people in the world, and the smokers are about 1.1 billion, which makes up 20 percent of the worlds total population.Smoking is very harmful. I think there are two main aspects to the damage. First, smoking consumes a great deal of money. As is shown in the pictorial graph, smoking wastes 200 billion dollars each year in the world. Second, smoking does harm to the health of smokers, and it is the main cause of lung cancer. About 3 million people die because of the relevant diseases derived from smoking every year.Because more and more people are aware of the great harm of smoking to humans, the amount of tobacco consumption is on the decrease. From the following figures we can clearly see the tendency. The total amount of world tobacco production added up to 14.364 billion pounds in 1994, but it dropped to 14.2 billion pounds in 1995. At the same time, many countries call on people to give up smoking. So it is certain that the number of smokers is to decrease.例文二About Tobacco ConsumptionFrom the above set of pictures, we can see that there were a total of 14.364 billion pounds of tobacco produced in 1994 and 14.2 billion pounds in 1995. Because the amount of tobacco production is falling yearly, it can be predicted that the tendency of tobacco consumption would also be falling yearly. There are many reasons. Firstly, smoking wastes money. Every year there are two hundred billion dollars “burnt” in the cigarette “fire.” Secondly, smoking would hardly do people any good and it can even cause cancer. Every year there are three million people “buried” in the cigarette “tomb”.Although tobacco consumption is falling, there are too many people who smoke. The population in the world is 5.8 billion, but about twenty percent of the population, that is to say 1.1 billion people, smoke. So the situation is serious and the movement against smoking is still a difficult task.评语：上边两篇作文内容符合要求, 包括对各图的说明, 对趋势的预测及理由, 数字表达正确, 语言较好, 表达能力较强, 长度符合要求。得14分1998年考研真题作文 Directions: A. Study the following cartoon carefully and write an essay in no less than 150 words. B. Your essay should meet the requirements below:OUTLINE: 1. Write out the messages conveyed by the cartoon. 2. Give your comments. (15 points)【审题解题】 1998年的考研写作是 第一次考图画作文，图画作文又可分为漫画(cartoon)与照片(photograph)等多种。这首题目属于漫画类，画的是一只下蛋的母鸡，手中拿着 一份承诺书，旁边还有一首诗。从1997年至2004年，共考了两次图表作文，六次图画作文。从2000年到2004年，更是连续考察了五次图画作文。从这一年起考研写作字数从不少于120字增加到不少于150字，这一要求一直延续到2000年。从2001年起，字数增加到200字左右，写作部分所占分值增加到20分，充分体现了对写作部分的重视。这次的提纲包含两点，第一点是写出漫画所包含的信息；第二点是给出评论。总的来说，这一提纲的第一点是相当固定的，是对漫画的描述。这里我们注意应着力描写母鸡手中的承诺书，而勿须将旁边的逐句翻译，但这篇文章原来没有题目，则可以借鉴诗歌的题目如此承诺，写作My View on So-called Promises，其中so-called即是“所谓的”意思。提纲的第二点即是较为笼统的，给大家留出的自由驰骋的空间很大。按照上述分析，这篇文章可 以分为三段来写，首段是描述图画，次段写此种承诺产生的原因，末段写这些承诺的危害。【核心词汇】 make premises 做出承诺 duties and responsibilities 责任和义务 takeas 把。看作。 absurd and ridiculous 荒谬的，荒唐的 come into being 形成 widespread empty promises 普遍的空话【参考范文】My view on So-called promises As can seen from the cartoon, a hen is making promises that her eggs are all round and consist of shells, egg whites and yolks. In our daily life, many people, just like the hen, keep making such promises in which they take duties and responsibilities as virtues to be proud of.Such promises, absurd and ridiculous even at the first sight, come into being mainly for two reasons. First, some profit-driven enterprises take advantages of such promises to win peoples trust and understandingtheir advertisements are intentionally misleading and their behavior is sheer cheating. Second, some organizations and individuals, obsessed with fame and success, are by all means publicizing their deeds, but actually they just assume their own duty. These widespread empty promises will do great harm to people as well as to the whole society. They will result in a dishonest atmosphere in our societypeople will lose mutual trust and become more doubtful. As a result, the economic development of our country will be hindered.【黄金模板】 As can be seen from the cartoon, . In our daily life, . Such and even at the first sight, come into being mainly for two reasons. First (On the one hand), Second(On the other hand), These widespread will do great harm to people as well as to the whole society.【结构点评】 首段共分两句，首句将母鸡承诺的两句话简练地描述了出来，次句立即进行类推（analogy），在日常生活中许多人与这只母鸡一样，把自己的责任当成了引以为傲的美德。次段写此类承诺形成的原因，在主题句后分两方面来说。一方面，某些追逐利益的企业利用这样的承诺来骗取人们的信任和理解，其广告是故意的误导，其行为纯属欺诈。另一方面，一些组织与个人为了名声和成功大肆宣扬本来是自己份内应做的事情。末段写这些承诺的危害既危害了人们，又危害了社会。这些承诺会导致社会中不良风气的产生，人们会失去相互信任，变得更多疑。结果是经济发展受到了影响。【妙笔生花】 首段首句的as can be seen from the cartoon是常用的模板句，make promises表示“承诺”，而sell, egg whine和yolk分别是表示“蛋壳”，“蛋清”和“蛋黄”。次句立即借助插入语just like the hen作一类比，说有些人总是作这样的承诺。次段首句后两点来说：第一点中使用了破折号作进一步的说明，profit- driven和take advantage of分别表示“追逐利益的”和“利用”，破折号后的intentionally表示“故意地”，misleading表示“误导的”，sheer表示“完 全的、彻底的”。第二点中使用了插入语obsessed with fame and success是一个过去分词短语，相当于一个定语从句，be obsessed with意即“着学于。的”；by all means表示“利用一切手段”，publicize表示“宣扬”，assume ones duty表示“承担责任”，亦可用take on。第三段首句之后有两句话：前一句中的result in表示“结果是。”，mutual trust表示“相互责任”；后一句开头的as a result起承接上句的作用，其后的hinder表示“阻碍”，亦可用affect。Recently, more and more people have seen varieties of promises either from TV, newspaper or from other media. As is shown in the cartoon, even a hen has learned how to promise. We all know that hens duty is to lay eggs which should undoubtedly consist of most elementary part. But the hen promises what she should do!(图画点题, 夹叙夹议)With the development of the society and the improvement of peoples living standard, more and more attention should be paid to the improvement of quality of service. Therefore, many enterprises and departments promise to better their services so as to meet the peoples need better. They are also pleased to invite people to supervise what they have done and will do. But much to our surprise, some of them just say something that they should do. These promises are only laughed at by people.(解释配诗, 又有议论)In my opinion, doing more is better than promising more, because people are willing to be served really. All we should lay more emphasis on what we do and how we can virtually improve the level of service. Only in this way can we make people satisfied with what we do.1999年考研英语真题作文 Directions: A. Study the following graphs carefully and write an essay in at least 150 words.B. Your essay should cover these points;OUTLINE: 1. effect of the countrys growing human population in its wildlife 2. possible reasons for the effect 3. your suggestion for wildlife protection (15 points)【审题解题】 1999年的考研英语写作继 1997年之后再次考察了图表作文，也是至今为止最后一次考图表作文，其后一直考的都是图画作文。这一次给出了两幅图表，分别标示了美国人口的增长与物种 的灭绝。我们截取共同的1800的到1900年的情况，可以发现两个数据均呈上升的趋势，由此可以得出人口增长很大程度上导致物种灭绝的结论。提纲要求我们写三点，第一点是写人口增长对野生动植物的影响。第二点写可能的原因。第三点是写自己对野生动植行保护的建议。第一段自然是描述数据， 而后得出结论。第二段可以在统领句后为三点来写。第三段分为政府和公民两个方面来说。【核心词汇】 soar 高涨，剧增 rapid growth of U. S. population 美国人口的快速增长 sharp decline of wildlife species 野生动植物种类的迅速下降 result from 由引起，是的结果 forbid wildlife hunting 禁止捕猪野生动植物 be aware of this ecological crisis 意识到这场生态危机 take on the responsibility of wildlife protection 担负起保护野生动植物的责任【点石成金】 the ups and downs of population growth As is seen from the two graphs, it is clear that with the rapid growth of U.S. population from 1800 to 1990, the number of its wildlife species no longer existing soared during the same period. Naturally, we can draw the conclusion that the sharp decline of wildlife species resulted from the population growth.Two reasons may account for this phenomenon. To begin with, as the population grows, people consume much more natural resources, which often leads to excessive hunting. Second, with the increase of human activities, modern people take up more and more space. Which has a great impact on other species. Finally, the problem of pollution becomes more and more serious with the development of modern industry. More and more animals have to adapt themselves to the decaying environment or move to a totally different place, but not all of them are fortunate enough to survive the changes.Solving this problem calls for, above all, the governments efforts to control population growth, to decrease industrial pollution and to enhance the laws to forbid wildlife hunting. Moreover, common citizens should be aware of this ecological crisis and take on the responsibility of wildlife protection. In a word, only when the government and the common people make joint e f forts can we hope to find a satisfactory solution to this problem.【黄金模板】 As is seen from the two graphs, it is clear that . Naturally, we can draw the conclusion that . reasons may account for this phenomenon. To begin with . second . Finally. calls for, above all, .moreover, . in a word, only when the government and the common people make joint efforts can we hope to .【结构点评】 首段首句先描述数据，次句得出结论。次段首句是主题句，而后分三方面来说。第三段先分政府和公司两方面来说解决方法，而后做结。【妙笔生花】 首段首句非常精妙：先以as is seen from the two graphs 开头，再使用一个主语从句以表示客观，而后用with the rapid growth 和during to the same period来表示两者之间的密切联系。第二句以naturally开头，使用模板句we can draw the conclusion, 而后引出同位语从句物种的急剧减少是人口增长的结果。第二段首句是常用的模板句，而后分三点来说。第一点是说随着人口增长，人 们会消费越来越多的自然资源，而这会导致过度的捕猎。句中consume、natural resources和excessive hunting分别表示“消费”、“自然资源”和“过度捕猎”。第二点是说随丰人类活动的增加，现代人占用了越来越多的地方，这对其它物种产生了巨大影 响。句中human activities、take up和impact分别表示“人类活动”、“占据”和“影响”。第三点是说污染的影响，其中后一句非常值得大家学习。More and more animals have to adapt themselves to the decaying environment or move to a totally different place, but not all of them are fortunate enough to survive the changes. 句中adept themselves to the decaying environment表示“适应于恶化的环境”，之后使用了部分否定句，survive 表示“幸存下来”。最后一段使用了分 总的结构，先分两面三刀点来说，首句讲政府应当控制人口增长，减少工业污染和加强法律保护。第二句是讲公民应该意识到这场生态危机 （ecological crisis） 的严重性并肩负(take, on,亦可用shoulder)起保护动植物的责任。末句是以only开头的倒装句，是个经典模板句。The two graphs tell us something about population growth and wildlife extinction in the U.S. From 1800, the American population has been growing all the time. In the 100 years from 1600 to 1700, the number of wildlife species remained almost stable, with the next 200 years witnessing a growing trend in wildlife extinction. It can be easily seen that the more the human beings, the fewer the animal species.There may be several reasons for this effect. First, as human population expands, more and more wild animals are hunted for food. Second, due to all kinds of pollution and the damage of ecosystem caused by man, some animals have nowhere to live. Third, some animals are of great medical value, they become the targets for making money.It is time we took some measures to stop this disturbing trend. On one hand, government should pass some laws and regulations to prevent people from killing more wild animals and forbid further damage to our environment. On the other hand, we should cultivate the awareness that animals are our friends and their extinction poses a threat rather than brings benefits to us. Only when human beings live in harmony with all kinds of animals can we really build a beautiful and healthy world.2000年考研真题作文Directions: A. Study the following two pictures carefully and write an essay of at least 150 words. B. Your essay should meet the requirements below:OUTLINE: 1. Describe the pictures. 2. Deduce the purpose of the drawer of the pictures. 3. Suggest your counter-measures. (15 points) 【审题解题】 200年的考研写作考察的是图画作文，它标志着真正意义上的图画作文考察的开始。这是继1998年之后第二次考图画作文，也是之后连续考察图画作文的开始，1998年的图画作文并不典型，因为包含的文字（包含图画内的和图画边的）太多；从2000年起，就变得言简意赅了。 这里给出了两张图画，形成了强烈的对比：1099年只有一艘捕鱼的船只，鱼儿却很多；到了1995年，船只成群，而鱼儿却只剩一条了。这里给人的震撼是 巨大的，在多年的商业捕鱼之后，渔业资源受到了巨大的破坏。提纲共有三点，第一点是描述图画，第二点是推断绘画者的意图，第三点给出对策，也就是解决办 法。我们应该根据提纲来构建文章的三个段落。 【核心词汇】 alert us to 使我们对有所警觉 the diminishing fishery resources 逐渐减少的渔业资源 ensure the moderate exploration and reasonable disposition of natural resources 保证适度开发和自然资源的合理配置 destructive ecological disaster 毁灭性生态灾难 heighten awareness 提高意识 【组词成句】 第二段的首句应该紧紧扣住提纲的第二点，同时道出绘画者的用意： It is most obvious that the drawer means to alert us to the diminishing fishery resources because of excessive global commercial fishing. 句中的most表示“非常”，语气要强于very, mean后面加不定式时表示“意欲，想要做某事”，alert us to 表示“使得我们对有所警觉”， diminishing fishery resources表示“日益枯竭的渔业资源”，excessive表示“过渡的”。 【点石成金】 The picture, “a brief history of commercial fishing”, shows us that there have been less and less fish in the ocean for the last century. The two parts that comprise the picture display totally different scenes in 1099 and 1995. In1900 there were a large number of fish while only one boat was fishing on the ocean. But in 1995 fishing boats increased sharply while only one fish was left. We cant help asking ourselves a disturbing question:will there be a day when no fish are for our descendants?It is most obvious that the drawer means to alert us to the diminishing fishery resources because of excessive global commercial fishing. If no measures are taken to ensure the moderate exploration and reasonable disposition of natural resources, a destructive ecological disaster may not be far away and the nest victim will probably be man himself.There fore, it is high time we took effective measures to solve this problem, The essential solution, in my opinion, is to combine fishing with raising and protecting not least, peoples awareness of protecting natural resources must be heightened through education and publicity. In a word, we can never solve the problem until all of us take actions to protect fishery resources. 【黄金模板】 The picture shows us that We cant help asking ourselves a disturbing question: will there be a day when It is most obvious that the drawer means to alert us to Therefore it is high time we took effective measures to solve this problem. The essential solution, in my opinion, is to In addition, Last but not least, In a word, we can never solve the problem until all of us take actions to, 【结构点评】 第一段是描述图画，这里应将两幅图画的对比表现出来，并将重点落在渔业资源的大幅度减少上面。本段共分五句话。首句先总括性地说出上个世纪海洋中的鱼儿 越来越少了一这事实。次句说两幅图画对比明显，第三句第四句分别说1900和1995年的情形，都使用了while来表示对比。最后一句非常精彩：我们不 禁问自己一个令人担忧的问题，是否未来有一天我们的子孙将一条鱼也没有了呢？此句对下面引出绘画者的意图起了很好的铺垫作用。第二段首句说出了画家的意图是想让我们对这个严重的问题有所警觉，之后进一步说，如果不采取措施，毁灭性的生态灾难就将不远了，而下一个受害者就是人本身。第三段是写对策，首句是常用的模板句，而后分三个方面来说，最后做结。 【妙笔生花】 首段次句中的comprise表示“组成”；末句非常引人注目，cant help表示“忍不住”，之后是个问句：will there be a day when表示“会有那一天时吗？”，这是把问题推出极致的办法，能更容易地看清问题。 第二段的次句中的moderate exploration and reasonable disposition of natural resources表示“自然资源的适度开采和合理配置”，使用了平行的名词词组；destructive ecological disaster表示“毁灭性的生丰收灾难“，may not be far away 表示“可能就不远了”，victim表示“受害者”。请大家仔细品味这句话的语气为了获得强烈的效果，在词、词组和句型的选用和排列上都要下功夫，这 里看似简的himself实际上就是为了加强语气来增加上去的。第三段的首句是常用的句型it is high time we后面用过去时。第一点说的是将捕鱼和养鱼、护鱼结合起来，raise就是养的意思。第二占是说应立法控制商业捕鱼。第三点是说加强人们保护自然资源 的意识，包含heighten awareness这个好词组。末句使用经典句neveruntil做结，语气强烈。These two pictures display a sharp contrast: there were a lot of fish with one fi