【人教版初二】unit1 一般过去时教案.docx

个性化教案【人教版初二】unit1 一般过去时适用学科初中英语适用年级初二适用区域全国课时时长（分钟）60分钟知识点 一般过去时教学目标知识目标：使学生学会一般过去时的构成和使用，尤其是对于时间状语的 的掌握，为以后学习宾语从句和定语从句做好时态基础能力目标：让学生能够运用所学习的知识去应用到其他同类知识的学习中情感目标：书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！机会永远只属于准备好了 的人！教学重点对于句子中出现before、 just now、ago时时态的选择教学难点对于不规则动词的过去时的记忆和使用教学过程 一、复习预习Xiao Ming and Xiao Fang are students of No. 1 Middle School. Last Friday, 1 school, they went home 2 happily. Suddenly, they saw a wallet(钱包) 3 on the road. Xiao Fang picked it up. They thought they should give it 4 to the owner(失主)of the wallet. And they 5 there till it was dark. The owner didnt come, 6 they had to hand it in to a 7. The nextmorning, the headmaster and the owner came to Xiao Fang and Xiao Mings classroom.The owner said lots of thanks to them and offered(送)a letter of thanks to the headmaster. The headmaster praised(表扬)them for 8 they had done and called on(号召)the 9 students to 10 from them. 【答案】1. after 2. together 3. lying 4. back 5. waited 6. so 7. policeman 8. what 9. other 10. Learn 【解析】1. after。 after school “放学后”。是固定词组。2. together。 由文章意思可知小明和小芳放学后一起回家，故选together.3. lying。由文章意思可知钱包是躺在地上的，故选lie 的现在分词形式lying作宾语补足语。4. back。 give sth back to sb. “把某物还给某人”。5. waited。 wait“等”，再次应该用其过去形式waited.6. so。 so “所以”，引导结果状语从句。7. policeman。 由文章意思可知他们把钱交给了警察。8. what。 what 在此引导宾语从句，作宾语从句的谓语done 的宾语。9. other。 the other“其他的”，在此指出了小明和小芳以外的学生。10. learn。 learn from sb.“向某人学习” 二、知识讲解1.本单元知识概括 重点单词 decide , enough , try , anyone , anywhere , wonderful , few , most , something nothing , everyone , myself , yourself , pig , seem , bored , someone , diary , activity, bird , bicycle , building , wonder , difference , top , wait , umbrella, 重点短语 do ones homework；.watch TV ; eat /have dinner; talk on the phone; go to the movies= go to the cinema= see a film; That sounds good.; write a letter to sb.; talk about; wait for; go shopping; TV show; clean the room; read books; at the pool 核心句型 where did you go on vocation ? Did you go out with anyone? Still no one seemed to be bored . .so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. And because of the bad weather. 主要话题 holidays and vacations 语法结构 不定代词和一般过去时 主题功能 talk about holidays2 一般过去时I. 一般过去时的概念 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：last year, yesterday等； 也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作，常和often, always等频率副词连用。例如：I saw him in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上看见他了。Li Mei always went to school on foot last year. 去年李梅总是步行上学。II. 一般过去时的构成动词过去式的构成：(1) 规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则：一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。如：look-looked。以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去e再加-ed。如：live-lived。末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop-stopped。末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，然后再加-ed。如：study-studied。(2) 不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。如：am(is)-was, are-were, go-went, come-came, take-took, have (has)-had等。III. 一般过去时的几种句型 肯定句结构为：主语+动词的过去式+其它。【举例】：He went to the toy store yesterday. 他昨天去玩具店了。 否定句结构为：主语+did not (didnt)+动词原形+其它。【举例】：He didnt go to the toy store yesterday. 他昨天没去玩具店。 一般疑问句的构成：Did+主语动词原形其它？【举例】1) -Did you go to Beijing last week?-Yes, we did. (No, we didnt.)2) -Did you meet the businessman before?-No, I didnt. (Yes, I did.) 特殊疑问句的构成：疑问词did+主语动词原形其它？【举例】：1) -What did you do last night?-I did my homework.2) -Where did you go last week?-I went to Shanghai with my parents.一般过去时口诀：一般过去时并不难，表示过去动作、状态记心间。动词要用过去式，时间状语句末站。否定句很简单，didnt 站在动词原形前，其它部分不要变。一般疑问句也好变，did放在句子前，主语、动词原形、其它部分依次站。特殊疑问句也简单，疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。最后一条请注意，动词过去式要牢记。1）动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。例如： Did you want anything else? 您还要些什么吗？ I wondered if you could help me. 能不能帮我一下。2）情态动词 could, would。例如： Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行车，能借用一些吗？要掌握的几个动词的过去式:watched TV, washed clothes, played football, cleaned the room, visited grandparents, went to a park, went swimming, read a book, went fishing, went hiking, learned Chinese, sang and danced, took pictures, climbed a mountain, ate good food, bought presents, rowed a boat, saw elephants, went skiing, went ice-skating. 考点/易错点1 不规则动词的过去式的写法考点/易错点2 对于句子中出现before、 just now、ago时时态的选择考点/易错点3 对于不规则动词的过去时的记忆和使用 三、例题精析 【例题1】 【题干】Why do you collect so many old bikes? Ill have them _and give away to the children who dont have bikes.A. used up B. given up C. fixed up D. set up 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：你为什么收集了这么多旧自行车。我将找人把他们修理一下然后捐给那些没有自行车的孩子。fix up “修理”，use up“用尽”， give up “放弃”，set up“建立”。注意本句使用了句式：have sth done 表示“让别人做某事”。【例题2】 【题干】You are _to type quickly when talking to each other on QQ so the other person doesnt get bored A. suggested B. supported C. taught D. supposed 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：用QQ在网上聊天时你应该打字快一点，这样另一个人就不会厌烦。suggest “建议”， support “支持”，teach “教”， be supposed to do 则表示“应该做某事”，符合句意。【例题3】 【题干】 Again and again the doctor _ the crying baby girl, but he couldnt find outwhat was wrong with her.A. looked over B. looked after C. looked for D. looked out 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。look over检查，look after照看，look for寻找，look out当心 ，句意：医生一遍又一遍地检查这个哭泣的小女孩，但是没有发现她有什么病。所以选择答案A 。 四、课堂运用【基础】 写出下列动词的过去式talk_forget_hope_stop_perform_play_say_ buy_worry_fly_study_like_make_take_ love_recite_become_come_drive_shine_leave_wake_ride_write_hike_give_see_ 【巩固】1.一Guess what! I saw Sally in London 一Really? I _ she was in New York Athink Bwas thinking Cthought Dam thinking2.Sorry, Mr Green. I have_my homework at home. Never mind. But dont forger next time. A.put B.kept C.left D. remained 3. Do you know Tom? Sure, we have _in the same village for many years.A. left B. lived C. come D. Gone 4.Have you ever been to Shanghai?Yes. I _ there with my father last year.A. went B. have been C. have gone5. Lucy _ a student last year, but now she _ a teacher.A. is; is B. was； is C. was； will be D. is； was6. Our math teacher _ in our school for 20 years and he _ here when he was 23 years old.A. has taught, has comeB. taught, comesC. taught, cameD. has taught, came【拔高】1. How was your trip to Hang Zhou, Jim? Great! We _ to Xixi National Wetland Park. A. go B. am going C. will go D. went2. Ive got a ticket for the basketball game tonight. Cool！How you it?A. had, got B. did, get C. were, getting D. will, get3. When _ your mother _ you that blue dress, Lucy? Sorry, I really cant remember. Maybe two or three weeks ago.A. will; buy B. does; buy C. did; buy4. Paul ant I _ tennis yesterday. He did much better than 1.A. play B. will play C. played D. are playing5.Lin Kai, hand in your homework, please. Oh, sorry. I _ it at home this morning.A. was leaving B. has left C. will leave D. left6. What_you do if you had a million dollars ?A.would B.will C.did D.do【基础】【答案】talked_forgot_hoped_stopped _performed_played_said_ bought_worried_flew_studied_liked_made_took_ loved_recited_became _came_drove_shined_left_waked_rode_wrote_hook_gave _saw_ 【解析】根据动词的过去式变换原则，一般情况下直接在词尾加ed，辅音字母加Y结尾的把Y变i再加ed。 【巩固】【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态。通过宾语从句中的过去时态和上下句表达的意义可知用I thought，think 的过去式though表示“原以为”。【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。leave sth someplace “把忘在某地”。句意“对不起，格林先生。我把作业忘在家里了。没关系。下次不要忘了。故选C。【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。leave“离开”；live“居住”；come“来”；go“来”。句意“你知道汤姆吗？当然了，我们居住在同一个村庄许多年了”。故选B。【答案】A 【解析】考查动词时态。根据答语中的时间状语last year，可以判断句子要用一般过去时。故选A。【答案】B【解析】考查时态的用法。根据last year可知第一空用过去时，根据now可知第二空用一般现在时，故选B。【答案】 D【解析】考查动词的时态。for 20 year是现在完成时的时间标志。因此第一空要填has taught；后半句时间状语是when he was 23 years old，动词用一般过去时，因此天came.故答案为D。 【拔高】【答案】D【解析】考查动词的时态。由问句“How was your .”可知是一般过去时，故答语也应用一般过去时，故选D。【答案】B【解析】考查时态的用法。 句意为 “我已经有今晚篮球比赛的票。” “票以有”顾 “你怎么弄到的”为过去时。【答案】C【解析】考查实义动词的时态。由答语two or three weeks ago，可知买裙子发生在过去，用一般过去时。“露西，你妈妈什么时候给你买的蓝裙子？”buy是一个实义动词，在过去时中，一般疑问句时需要借助助动词did。故选C。【答案】C【解析】考查点：本题考查动词时态的用法。由句中的yesterday可知，要用过去式，所以选择答案C。【答案】D【解析】考查点：考查时态。解题思路：根据句中时间状语this morning表示过去的时间，可知用一般过去时态。故选D。【答案】A 【解析】A 考查点：虚拟语气。解题思路：根据句意:如果你有一百万你将会干什么？ “如果你有一百万”是对现在的一种假设，与现在的事实相反。表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气的结构是：主句用should/would/could/might+动词原形，从句用一般过去时态。故选A。 课程小结本节课讲解的重点是动词的一般过去时，相对来说，这个时态是初中阶段里比较容易掌握的，但学生出错也最多的一个时态，学生往往会忽略那些不规则动词的过去式，会在不管遇到任何动词，不管有没有规律都直接在词尾加ed. 课后作业【基础】 写出下列动词的单三式leave_wake_ride_write_hike_give_see_swim_stop_shop_plan_get_sit_let_cut_run_forget_begin_wash_watch_finish_teach_fish_reach_go_do_ 【巩固】1. He went into his room, the light and began to work. A. has turned on B. turned off C. turned on D. has turned off2.A big party was held in NO.18 Middle School last night, the teacher with students _ singing and dancing happily at the party. A. is B. was C. are D. were3. I _ something wrong just now. May 1 use your eraser?Of course. Here you are.A. write B. wrote C. am writing 4. I have to be off right now.What a pity! I you could stay a little longer with us. A. think B. am thinking C. thought5. If it had been fine yesterday, we could have watched that air show. But it _ all day. A. has rained B. had rained C. rained D. rains6. Mr. Black is going to marry a girl he _ in Japan last year. A. meets B. met C. has met D. would meet7. On April 14, 2010, a serious earthquake happened in Yushu. More than 2,000 people _ in it. A. dead B. death C. died D. die【拔高】 1. How long have you _ the motorbike? For about two weeks. A. bought B. had C. borrowed D. lent2.Last Sunday my aunt _ at home with me. We were watching TV all day.A. was B. were C. is D. are3.Tommy is looking for the watch his uncle _ him last month.A. gives B. gave C. to give D. has given4. -Have you read this book?-Yes. I _ it two weeks ago.A. am reading B. have read C. will read D. read5What do you think of the film“Avatar”? Its fantasticThe only pity is that I_ the beginning of itAmissed Bwas missing Cmiss Dwill miss 6Great changes have taken place since we _ ETimesAnd the computer is widely used throughout the