二年级第二学期体育理论口试题、答案及其评分标准.doc

二年级第二学期体育理论口试题、答案及其评分标准Two grade second semester sports theory, oral examination questions, answers and scoring standardsThe CHINESENUM3 = 1, a concept of problem1. self supervisionAnswer: refers to the exercise in the physical exercise process, to its physiological function and health condition observation and evaluation of a method. It is also a supplement to a comprehensive physical examination.2. sports anemiaAnswer: the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin in the blood is lower than the normal value. It is called anemia. The amount of hemoglobin and the number of red blood cells caused by exercise is reduced, which is called sports anemia.3. motor syncopeAnswer: in the movement, because the brain suddenly the blood supply is insufficient and occurs the temporary unconsciousness to lose, namely is the motion syncope.4. pole in motionAnswer: in strenuous exercise, especially in the long run, large energy consumption, lower return of blood to reduce oxygen accumulation, and to a certain extent, there will be shortness of breath, chest tightness, severe limb heaviness, incoordination, nausea and even the phenomenon in exercise physiology is called pole5., second breathsAnswer: after the pole appears, appropriate slows down the movement speed, and pays attention to deepens the breath, persisted, these physiological responses will gradually alleviate and disappear. After that, the function is improved, the oxygen supply is increased, the exercise ability is improved, and the movements become coordinated and vigorous. This phenomenon indicates that poles have been overcome and new balance has emerged in the physiological process. This is called the second breath in exercise physiology.6. dislocatedAnswer: because of external force action, make joint surface loses normal connection relation, be called joint dislocation, also be called dislocation.7. concussionAnswer: after finger ministry is hit by external force, make the film that the cerebrum manages balance, semicircular canal, elliptic bursa, saccule and other sensory organs are maladjusted, cause the temporary obstacle of consciousness and function directly, call concussion of the brain namely.8. first aidAnswer: refers to the sudden serious injury in the movement, carries on the emergency, preliminary and the temporary processing, in order to alleviate patients pain, prevents the complication, for transfers the hospital further treatment to create the condition.9. mouth to mouth resuscitationAnswer: when the patient supine, head back, chin, pinch the nose, press the cricoid cartilage, prevent air into the stomach, first aid immediately took a deep breath, two relatively big breath blowing, the patients mouth, after blowing will pinch the noses hand. So repeatedly. Blowing frequency per minute 16-18 times, until the patients self recovery method of breathing so far, is the mouth to mouth breathing.10. cold compressAnswer: refers to rinse or cold towel on the surface of the skin with cold water, or with chloride injection, vasoconstriction, reducing local congestion, reduce tissue temperature, inhibit the nerves, and method of hemostasis, relief of pain and swelling.11. cardiac external extrusionAnswer: patient supine, first aid; hands overlapped, with the heel on the patients sternum half, by weight and arm strength, uniform and rhythmic downward pressure on the chest wall under the pressure of 3 - 4 cm, and then quickly hand, chest wall natural. This is repeated, 60 to 80 beats per minute, until the heart beats again.12. muscle spasmAnswer: commonly known as cramps,It is the muscle contraction and the relaxation not coordinated, appears the independent tetanic contraction, becomes rigid, in the movement most is easy to have the convulsion muscle is the calf, the gastrocnemius muscle.The CHINESENUM3 = 2 two, the title13., what are the principles of traditional regimen?Answer: maintenance of the spirit of the principle (15 points); to adapt to the principle of four (15 points); dynamic and static combination of principles (15 points); protection of the kidney to preserve the essence of the principle (15 points); the principle of invigorating the spleen and stomach (15 points);14., the significance of self-monitoring.Answer: the GB2 = 1 has the help to understand their own in the process of exercise physiology change (15) = 2 GB2; the second is helpful to prevent fatigue (15) = 3; the GB2 it helps to adjust the exercise programs and exercise load (15) = 4; the GB2 of the and provide the basis for the reasonable arrangement of teaching, training contents and methods (15) = 5; the GB2 will provide a reference for the physical examination (15 points).15. causes of abdominal pain in exercise.Answer: most of them happen during middle distance races. The reason the GB2 = 1: insufficient preparation, internal organs function has not yet reached the competition state, resulting in the viscera function disorder, cause abdominal pain (15 points); the GB2 = 2 the movement before overeating, excessive drinking (15 points); GB2 = 3, the abdomen catch, causing gastrointestinal spasm (15 = 4 points); the GB2 of the minority because of movement time is too long or too intense, the inferior vena cava pressure caused by blood obstruction (15), the GB2 = 5 or because the liver congestion, diaphragmatic motion abnormalities, resulting in two rib pain (15 points).16. prevention of abdominal pain during exercise.Answer: the GB2 1 = 1 should exercise one hour after a meal (15) = 2; the GB2 and prepare activities (15); GB2 = 3, the amount of exercise should be gradual, and pay attention to breathing rhythm (15 points); = 4 the GB2 should be appropriate to add salt and summer sports (15 = 5 points); the GB2 is due to a variety of chronic diseases of abdominal pain should be recovered before medical examination, doctors should exercise in sports and under the guidance of the teachers (15 points).17., the main causes of sports anemia.Answer: the GB2 1 = 1 due to muscle movement, demand for protein and iron increased, once the demands are not met, the sports anemia can be caused by (30) = 2; the GB2 2 movement, lysolecithin release of spleen can make red blood cell rupture, resulting in the decline between the new and the red blood cell balance is destroyed, resulting in sports anemia (45 points).18. the treatment of sports anemia?Answer: disposal: appropriate to reduce the amount of exercise (25 points), if necessary, pause movement (25 points), and to supplement the rich in protein and iron food, oral iron sulfate (25 points).19. prevention of sports anemia?Answer: prevention: follow the principle of gradual and individual treatment (25 points), adjust the diet (25 points). If the movement often has dizziness phenomenon, should prompt diagnosis treatment, in order to benefit from normal participation in physical exercise (25 points).20. why do preparations?Answer: its purpose is to make each organ system function of the body enter the working state quickly (15 minutes). Its role is to increase the excitability of the central nervous system (15 points); enlarged muscle, tendon and joint activities range (15 points); the function of internal organs to overcome inertia, strengthen the cardiovascular and respiratory activities (15); to make all aspects of the body function to adapt to exercise or training requirements, to prevent or reduce muscle, joint and ligament injury (15 points).21., why do the finishing activities?Answer: it is an effective measure to promote physical recovery (25 points). Because of a series of movement caused by the bodys physiological changes, and not with the movement of the stop and disappear at the same time (25 points); at the same time, through the arrangement of activities, can improve muscle blood circulation, muscle blood flow, is conducive to the discharge of carbon dioxide and oxygen debt repayment, the removal of metabolites, to reduce muscle soreness and fatigue (25 points).22. why not exercise immediately after eating?Answer: after a meal because of gastrointestinal has been intense work, a lot of blood capillaries open into the digestive organs, if acuteness activity, a lot of blood from the gastrointestinal tract into skeletal muscle, digestive function weakened (25 points). If things go on like this, the light is caused by indigestion, while in the digestive tract of chronic diseases (25); in addition, after the meal in the stomach is full of food, strenuous exercise, because of turbulence effect of food, gravity and movement, will pull the mesentery, easy to cause abdominal pain (25 points). Therefore, strenuous exercise after meals should be avoided.23. the causes of exercise-induced syncope?Answer: due to strenuous exercise or prolonged exercise, the accumulation of large amounts of blood in the lower extremities, resulting in a decrease in blood volume (45 points). It is also associated with hypoglycemia after strenuous exercise (30 points).24. how do you do first aid when your partner has exercise-induced syncope?Answer: disposal: should be made even if the patient supine, foot slightly higher than the head (15 points), and from the calf to the thigh, heart direction, push, rub or slap (15 points). At the same time with finger pressure, Hegu acupoint, when necessary to smell ammonia smell (15 points). In case of vomiting, the head should be tilted to one side. If breathing is stopped, artificial respiration should be performed immediately (15 minutes). Mild shock, should help walking companion for a period of time, help deep breathing, symptoms can disappear (15 points).25. briefly describe the main causes of sports injuries.Answer: GB2 = 1: the careless thinking (15 points); the GB2 = 2 the movement does not fully prepare (15 points); GB2 = 3, the combination of scientific content, unreasonable methods, lax discipline and technical errors etc. (15); the GB2 of the movement = 4 stenosis the site, surface smooth, equipment placement, improper or strong (15) = 5; the GB2 of the air pollution, noise, light, air temperature is too high or too low, and sports clothing does not meet the requirements (15 points).26. when your partner sprained ankle badly, how do you do first aid?Answer: disposal: after injury, should immediately cold compress (15 points); bandage fixed bandage, and bandage wound fat (15 points); 24 hours later, according to the injury to take comprehensive treatment,Such as topical medicine, physiotherapy, massage, when necessary for the closure therapy (15 points); to be improved, the implementation of functional exercises (15 points); in severe cases, available plaster fixation (15 points).27. how do you deal with heatstroke?Answer: first, help patients to a cool ventilated place to rest (25 points), while taking the cooling methods, such as unlock collar, forehead cold head cool, drink soft drinks (30 points), and normal saline or glucose saline (20 points).28. how to prevent exercise heatstroke?Answer: in hot season exercise, should be appropriate to reduce the amount of exercise and exercise time (20 minutes); avoid exercise long time in the sun (20 points); outdoor exercise in summer, should wear a white hat, wearing a large thin clothing (20 points); exercise indoors, should maintain good ventilation and a low sugar salt drink (15 points).29. signs of mental health.Answer: 1) is ideal (15 points); 2) can restrain the reality of desire, contentment etc. (15); 3) emotional stability (15 points); 4) the full understanding of their own, the correct evaluation of their own (15 points); 5) have a strong ability to adapt (15 points);.30. smoking specific hazards.Answer: 1) in all kinds of human cancer (15 points); 2) is very har