辽宁省沈阳市第二十一中学高考英语 完形填空专题 解题技巧复习课件.ppt

高三英语专项复习之完形填空解题技巧 英语完形填空的主要特点 1 通常从一篇250词左右 夹叙夹议的文章中设空20个 首句不挖空 2 考点层次可分为四类 单词层次 词组层次 句子层次与语篇层次 突出语篇的理解 突出文化背景 3 干扰项设计严密 一般说来 四个选项的词性相同或属于同等或对等范畴 干扰项填入后在语法上并不存在错误 对考生有很大的迷惑作用 英语完形填空的命题趋势 1 突出语篇 2 试题型稳定 选项独具匠心 3 辨析词义 以实词为主 4 记叙文为主 且第一局不设空 5 生词量有增无减 6 长句增加 句式灵活 结构复杂 英语完形填空的命题趋势 1 突出语篇 2005nmet mysisterandigrewupinalittlevillageinengland ourfatherwasastruggling36 butialwaysknewhewas37 henevercriticizedus butused38 praise tobringoutourbest fathersaid wheniwas23 mydadpersuadedmetogointolaw 36 a biologistb managerc lawyerd gardener37 a strictb honestc speciald learned 英语完形填空的命题趋势 2 试题型稳定 选项独具匠心 nmet2004 shesaidshehadastorytotellme apostallettercarrier aboutsixmonths3itseemedthatihad4alettertoherwhichhadherstreet5onitbutwasaddressedtoanotherhousewiththe6numberonadifferentstreetintheneighborhood 3 a afterb earlierc laterd ago4 a sentb writtenc deliveredd given5 amarkb signc boardd number6 a correctb wrongc samed different 英语完形填空的命题趋势 6 长句增加 句式灵活 结构复杂 nmet 1 2005 wheniwaswaitmyfoodinafamiliarrestaurant themanhadanewspaper38infrontofhim whichhewas39toread buticould40thathewaskeepinganeyeonme whenthewaiterbroughtmy41themanwasclearlypuzzledbythe42wayinwhichthewaiterandi43eachother 38 a flatb openc cutd fixed39 a hopingb thinkingc pretendingd continuing40 a seeb findc guessd learn41 a menub billc paperd food42 a directb familiarc stranged funny43 a chattedwithb lookedatc laughedatd talkabout 英语完形填空的失分原因分析 1 没有严格遵循答题步骤 多数同学考试时担心时间紧 在没有弄清短文的中心和文章的情节线索的情况下匆忙答题 事实上我们用在这一题上的时间可以达到15 18分钟 切记 一定要用2 3分钟时间进行缺词阅读 弄清文章大意和基本脉络后再着手逐个填空 2 不注意积累答题技巧 a 忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系 b 遇到长句不注意分析句子结构 在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心理随意作出选择 英语完形填空的解题步骤 1 浏览全文 掌握文章的中心及脉络 a 应用阅读技能 进行缺词阅读 b 注意首段和末端以及每个段落的首句 2 分段落实 逐个填空 a 先填上固定搭配与习惯表达 基本句型等较容易的空格 b 对语境和语义还不太明朗的空格要反复推敲 力争突破难点 3 通读全文 检查核对 英语完形填空的考查内容 复现 同现 替代 省略 顺序关系 并列关系 分指关系 转折关系 解释关系 因果关系 语篇结构 语境理解 语法项目 英语完形填空的考查内容 一 词汇手段1 复现 同现1 08天津卷 thenextdayjennawenttoseemrs bidenaboutbeingontheschool25 mrs bidenwasn tas26 enthusiastic asjenna i msorry butwehaveenough27 writer forthenewspaperalready a committeeb newspaperc radiod team原词重现2 08山东卷 garth se mailwasshort butilearnedmorefromthat52messagethanieverdidfromatextbook a accurateb urgentc briefd humorous同义词 近义词复现 英语完形填空的考查内容 2 词语的习惯用法和固定搭配1 08安徽 therearemanydifferentwaysofseeingatownforthefirsttime oneofthemistowalkaroundit guide book 36 hand a inb atc byd on2 08安徽 whenwe41 lookat itasawhole webegintohavesome42 whicheventhebestguide booksdonotanswer a ideasb opinionsc feelingsd questions 英语完形填空的考查内容 3 根据词汇的意义及用法辨析词义1 08湖南 cassielookedatme andherglare ilaughed shesmiled a returnedb remainedc increasedd softened2 08四川 iknewshehadstrictsleepinghabits butithoughtsheoughttobeableto someofthisstrictness a putupb takeupc pickupd giveup 英语完形填空的考查内容 4 根据生活常识及文化背景知识进行选择1 08湖南卷 imademysandwichthatafternoonwhilewaitingforcassie 39thebutter creamgavemeanidea a spreadingb boilingc bakingd holding2 everymorningshewouldgivehimbreakfast29bedandbringhimthepapersto30 29 a tob atc ind by30 a checkb readc keepd sign 英语完形填空的考查内容 二 语法手段1 省略2 替代3 语法项目1 thestrangedrhadbeenlovedbysomeone hehadgivenhislife ascharley foracausehebelievedright a b hadbeenc hadd haddone省略 英语完形填空的考查内容 三 逻辑手段1 顺序关系2 并列关系3 分指关系4 转折关系5 解释关系6 因果关系10 08天津 jenna apopulargirlfromwestwoodmiddleschool hadgraduatedfirstinherclassandwasreadyfornewchallengesinhighschool highschoolwasdifferent a thereforeb howeverc otherwised besides转折关系11 08湖北 neilsonconsidersherselflucky shesufferedinjuries a andb butc thoughd when让步关系 英语完形填空的考查内容 四 篇章结构 语境理解 12 08湖南 iraceddownthesteps thesidewalkwasdottedwitheggshells 蛋壳 fromthose51drops a intendedb unexpectedc failedd desired13 08四川 clearlyihadmade ihadstartedtheeveningwantingtohaveahappytimewithmydaughterbuthadallowedmydesiretowintobecomemoreimportantthanmyrelationshipwithmydaughter soihadtochange a amistakeb adecisionc anattemptd aneffort 英语完形填空的解题技巧 1 照应 瞻前顾后联系全文 2 积累 掌握固定搭配的用法与同义词的辨析 3 分清逻辑关系 注意文中分类 对比 从属 并列等关系所用的词语 4 化简句子 突破长句的理解 5 充分利用你的常识 英语完形填空的解题技巧 1 照应 充分利用文章的结构 上下文和前后句 找到对选择有提示作用的词或句 有时可能是同义词 有时可能是反意词 1 travellingwest yousetyourclock7 travellingeast yousetitahead travelling15todaybecomesyesterday travellingwestitistomorrow 7 a behindb forwardc backd ahead15 a southb eastc northd west2 sotheslavewaspardonedand50 a killedb richc happyd freed3 manyoldpeopledon thavegood13 theycan twatchtv buttheycanlistentomusicornewsovertheradio a hearingb healthc eyesightd time 英语完形填空的解题技巧 2 积累 固定搭配包括介词与动词的搭配 动词与宾语的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等 要根据内容选择正确的短语 1 theyspendmillionsofdollarsyearly2newspapersandmagazines a inb toc ond for2 tomtoldwhathesawtothemananditwasn tlong thepolicecaughtthethief a thatb beforec untild then3 somepeopleinindiadonoteatmeatorfish6 a afterallb intheendc atalld nolonger 英语完形填空的解题技巧 2 积累 注意词语的辨析 1 soonihearda likethatofadoorburstin andthenaclimboffeet a soundb cryc voiced from2 tomyhorror isaw myfather sshoulder agorilla a onb abovec overd form3 givemeahand heshouted hegotneartheboat a whileb tillc ford as 英语完形填空的解题技巧 3 根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项1 andtheofficersthenbegantoeattheirmeal sayingthatthemushroomshadaverystrange8quitepleasanttaste a besidesb butc andd or2 atransistorradioissometimesverysmall itisveryeasytocarry 11 radiobroadcastsarebetterforblindpeople a besidesb howeverc yetd sometimes 英语完形填空的解题技巧 4 简化句子 突破长句1 mnet2005江西卷 heisagreatchatter48 aswell ifhedidnotknowthem hewouldgreetthemwithafew49abouttheweather 50hedidknowthem hewouldaskabouttheirfamiliesormake51 alwayscuttinghiscloth52hiscustomers 49 a sayingb questionsc wordsd speeches50 a andthenb andsoc evenifd butif51 a preparationsb jokesc repairsd friends52 a accordingtob duetoc insteadofd upto 英语完形填空的解题技巧 5 充分利用生活常识以及相关知识1 becausetheearth2twenty fourtimezones onehourapart a givesb isc isdividedintod shows2 there 1350feetabovethestreet a figurewaswalkingonair a greatb strangec publicd tinny3 theringhadfallenofandbeendamagedinthegreat ofthefire a pileb heatc powerd pressure 08江西 thethreeyouthsleanedoverthemetalrailsalongthesea wallandwatchedafewfishermenpullintheirnets aboutthirtymetresaway aboatpulledalongsidetheslipperystepsleading36tothesea hey look exclaimedrahim thosetwomenare37heavyrocks ithoughtwenolongerdomusclelabourinthistechnological38 youdon t39acrane 起重机 tounloadlessthanadozenrocks doyou smiledjoshua butthosemendon t40tohavemusclesatall saidmichael rathersurprised joshuasmiled theyare41laborerswhoknowhowtospreadtheweightoftherocksthey42 seehowthemanpositionstherockjustattheslopeofhis43 36 a throughb acrossc downd up37 a loadingb unloadingc coveringd uncovering38 a wayb revolutionc processd era39 a askb expectc attemptd hope40 a happenb failc haved seem41 a ambitiousb experiencedc potentiald energetic42 a takeb fetchc carryd bring43 a shoulderb backc chestd arms 原词重现 语境理解 词义 用法 排除法 语境 词义 词义辨析 常识 someoftherock sweightisset44hishead someontherighthandandsomeonthelefthand hisbodyisn tbent hislegsarewell45 you reright josh hemayhaveasmallbuild 46hecertainlywellknowshisjob dearme andtothinkwehavebeenstudying47 rahimthoughtaboutallthatwashappening suddenly hesaid technologywon t48thehumanbeingcompletely itappears idon tthinkitwill 49joshua youcanharvestacropofpotatoesorwheatwithoneofthoselarge multi purposetractors butyou50usethatequipmenttoharvestlealeavesandtomatoes willyou 44 a onb againstc towardd under45 a supportedb graspedc placedd strengthened46 a butb howeverc sod therefore47 a chemistryb physicsc biologyd psychology48 a controlb affectc removed replace49 a agreedb proposedc refusedd denied50 a can tb mustn tc won td needn t 常识词义 词义辨析 转折关系 语境理解 词义语境 语境 原词重现 youcangetacomputerto51multiple choiceassessments butyoucannotgetthecomputertoproduceofassessessays canyou askedmichael well thewashingmachineleavesmyshirtcollarquiteas52asever that sdomestictechnologyforyou saidrahim oneday perhaps therewon tbeanybody53whocancarryalargerockthewaythosemendo it snotgoingtobeavery54world i mafraid sighedmichael you retoomuchofapessimist 悲观主义者 mike saidjoshua 55willalwaysbeotherthingsthatwillmaketheworldexciting 51 a pointoutb takeoutc handoutd printout52 a dirtyb cleanc oldd new53 a caughtb arrangedc leftd convinced54 a excitingb mysteriousc technologicald modern55 a thatb thisc theyd there 常识 常识 语境 词义 句型 原词重现 固定句型 英语完形填空的解题方法 总的原则 先完意 后完形 八字方针 上下求索 瞻前顾后 三步曲 读 填 读 08江苏 evelynglenniewasthefirstladyofsolopercussioninscotland inaninterview sherecalledhowshebecameapercussionsoloist 打击乐器独奏演员 inspiteofherdisability earlyonidecidednottoallowthe36ofotherstostopmefrombecomingamusician igrewuponafarminnortheastscotlandandbegan37pianolessonswheniwaseight theolderigot themoremypassion 酷爱 formusicgrew butialsobegantograduallylosemy38 doctorsconcludedthatthenervedamagewasthe39andbyagetwelve iwascompletelydeaf butmyloveformusicnever40me my41wastobecomeapercussionsoloist eventhoughtherewerenoneatthattime toperform i42to hear musicdifferentlyfromothers 36 a conditionsb opinionsc actionsd recommendations37 a enjoyingb choosingc takingd giving38 a sightb hearingc touchd taste39 a evidenceb resultc excused cause40 a leftb excitedc accompaniedd disappointed41 a purposeb decisionc promised goal42 a turnedb learnedc usedd ought iplayinmystockingfeetandcan43thepitchofanote 音调高低 bythevibrations 振动 ifeelthroughmybodyandthroughmy44 myentiresoundworldexistsbymakinguseofalmostevery45thatihave iwas46tobeassessedasamusician notasadeafmusician andiappliedtothefamousroyalacademyofmusicinlondon nootherdeafstudenthad47thisbeforeandsometeachers48myadmission basedonmype