7bunit1-4知识点归纳.doc

7BUnit1-Unit4知识点汇总1. sth need(s) to be done=sth need(s) doing 某物需要. My computer needs to be fixed./fixing. need to do sth.（某人）需要做某事 -否定dont/doesnt need to do sth. -Need I do it now?-Yes, you must./No, you neednt/dont have to-neednt do sth.不需要做某事（情态动词） must必须-主观-表推测 The lights are on. She must be in the office.(灯亮着，她肯定在办公室) The lights are off. She cant be in the office.（灯关着，她肯定不在办公室） have to/has to必须，不得不（客观） He is ill, so he has to stay at home. I dont think we have to go up again, do we? She doesnt think we have to go up again, does she? 2.-How many tins of dog food do you need?-None. -How much dog food do you need?-None. -What is in the room?-Nothing. Who is in the house?-Nobody./No one. I like music, too.否定：I dont like music, either. Both of my parents like music.否定：Neither of my parents likes music. All my friends are from Jiangsu.否定：None of my friends is from Jiangsu. “坏了” 的表达方式 There is something wrong with my radio. Something is wrong with my radio. My radio is broken. My radio doesnt work. 3.take/spend/pay/cost It takes/will take/took sb. some time(时间) to do sth. 花费某人时间去做某事 It will take him three hours to finish his homework tomorrow. take sb. to sptake an umbrella with you随身携带一把伞 (人作主语)spend some money/time(时间/金钱) (in) doing sth. 某人花费时间/金钱做某事 (人作主语)spend some money/time(时间/金钱) on sth.某人在某方面花费时间/金钱 （物做主语）cost sb. some money(金钱)to do sth.) 花费某人金钱(去做某事) (人作主语)pay some money for sth. 为某物付钱 (人作主语)buy sth with some money 4. There be 有 have/has/had有-there与have表示有不能同时出现 There is a swimming pool in our school.=Our school has a swimming pool. there be +主语(人)+doing sth.有某人正在做某事There are a lot of people waiting for the bus. There is going to be a fashion show in our school hall next Friday, isnt there? There arent going to be some football matches on TV the day after tomorrow, are there? there be +主语（物）+to do有物要.There are lots of interesting things to buy in the shopping mall. 5. miss doing sth.错过做某事 worry about (not)doing sth./be worried about (not)doing sth. spend doing sth. keep doing sth./keep sb. doing sth. have fun/have a good time (in ) doing sth. have problems/trouble/difficulty(in) doing sth./with sth. suggest doing sth.建议做某事 What about doing sth.?=How about doing sth.?做.事怎么样？ think about sth./doing sth.考虑做某事 be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 如be busy with sth.（名词或名词短语）He is busy with his homework. thank sb. for doing sth. 因做某事感谢某人 look forward to doing sth.期待做某事 be interested in sth./doing sth.对.感兴趣 be good/clever at sth/doing sth.=do well in doing sth.擅长做某事 Doing morning exercises is good for our health.做早操对我们健康有好处。 介词+doing (如by doing sth./before doing sth./after doing sth./without doing sth./in doing sth./about doing sth.) 如：You can have fruit and vegetables without getting fat. go+doing做某事如go shopping/fishing/swimming/running去购物/钓鱼/游泳=do some shopping/fishing/swimming practise doing sth. 6. be afraid to do sth.不敢去做/be afraid of sth./doing sth. be sure to do sth./be sure of sth./be sure+that be +形容词（lucky/careful/kind/friend/sorry）to do sth.You are lucky enough to live in a neighbourhood like that. plan to do sth. =be going to do sth.计划做某事 (现在分词：planning) try to do sth.尽力做某事 try doing sth试着做某事 try ones best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事 tell sb. to do sth.告诉某人做某事 tell sb. not to do sth.告诉某人不要做某事 ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 ask sb. not to do sth.要求某人不做某事ask sb. for help 向某人寻求帮助 remember to do sth.记住要做的事（事情还未做）remember doing sth.记住做过的事情（事情已经做过） stop doing sth.停止做某事（停止正在做的事）stop to do sth.停下来去做某事（停下来去做另外一件事） Please stop talking. Our English is coming. You look so tired. Why not stop to have a rest? hope to do sth.希望做某事/hope (that)+句子 I hope your dream comes true. prepare to do sth/ prepare sth for sb./sth./get/be ready to do sth.准备做某事=get/be ready for sth. cant wait to do sth.等不及做某事 wait for sb. to do sth.等待某人去做某事 seem to do sth.似乎/好像 做某事 seem+adj./It seems that+句子 take turns to do sth.轮流做某事It is ones turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事 invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事 an invitation letter use sth. to do sth.使用某物做某事（useful 有用的 adj.） welcome sb. to do sth./+地点 欢迎某人做某事/到某地 be+形容词+enough to do sth.足够.做某事He is rich enough to buy enough nice presents for his parents. Would you like something to drink/to eat?你想要点喝的/吃的吗？ 特殊疑问词+to do 如I dont know how to look after the little dog. choose to do sth.选择做某事 Its really a good/great/wonderful place to meet friends and have fun. 表示目的用to do 如To get to the zoo, go down the road until the end. It is fun to do sth. 做某事有趣What great fun it is to go hiking in spring.How interesting it is to go hiking in spring. 7. 动词原形(do) help sb. (to) do sth.=help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事(be helpful to sb.) help oneself to +食物/自用 Children, help yourselves to some cakes. make sb. do sth.使某人做某事 make sb./sth.+形容词 make mehappy see sb. do sth. 看到某人做某事（经常性的动作）see sb. doing sth.看到某人正在做某事（动作正在进行） hear sb. do sth. 听到某人做某事（经常性的动作hear sb. doing sth.听到某人正在做某事（动作正在进行） 表示建议 Why not do sth,?=Why dont you do sth.? 为什么不做.？表示建议 let sb. do sth.让某人做某事 let sb. not do sth.让某人不要做某事Let you and me be good friends.让咱俩做好朋友吧。 Lets go shopping, shall we?/ Let us go swimming, will you? Would you please do sth.?做某事好吗？ Shall we do sth.? 我们做某事怎么样？ had better do sth.=d better do sth.最好做某事Youd better not lie in bed all day long. 8. 问路 Excuse me, where is the police station? Can you tell me where the police station is? Can you tell me the way to the police station? Can you tell me how to get/go to the police station? Can you tell me how I can get to the police station? Can you tell me which is the way to the police station? 指路 Go/Walk straight on, and you will find the Panda House. Go/Walk along the road. To the north of the Panda House, youll find the lions. Walk past the clothes shop,. Turn left and walk along the path next to the river. Cross the bridge,and you will see the giraffes. Go arcross the bridge,. Take the second turning on the right.=Turn right at the second crossing. There is a bridge over the river. Simon lives three floors above/below Alice. Hong Kong is in the south of China. Japan is to the east of China. Shanghai is on the east of Jiangsu. Sunny Garden is west of the zoo.=Sunny Garden is to the west of the zoo. 9. 电话用语 -May I speak to Amy?-Sorry, she isnt in./She isnt at home. -Who is that?/Who is calling?-This is Amy (speaking). Can I take a message for you? 10. 连系动词+形容词look smartsound(听起来) great taste(尝起来) goodsmell(闻起来) sweetfeel (感觉)tired 11. show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb. 给某人展示某物 show sb. around带领某人四处参观 give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb.给某人某物 give them sweets as a treat=treat sb. with sweets buy sb. sth.=buy sth. for sb.给某人买某物 send sb. sth.=send sth. to sb. 给某人寄某物 lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb.借给某人某物borrow sth. from sb, 从某人处借得某物 too much+不可数名词 too much work/money too many+可数名词复数 too many apples/things much too+形容词或副词 much too fat太胖了 She was/were born on the evening of October/on a rainy afternoon in Nanjing. look after sb/sth. well=take good care of sth./sb.照顾、照料某物/某人 look for寻找的动作 find寻找的结果find out查明，找出 look作实义动词，看，瞧-look at sth.作连系动词，看来，显得look happy/sad She is looking happily at those lovely children playing in the playground and she looks so happy. She likes going to school by bus.=She likes taking the bus to school. The boy on the bus/on the bike/in the car is my cousin. Millie often walks home.=Millie often walks to her home. The shopping mall opens from 9:00a.m. to 10:00p.m. every day and it isnt closed at/on weekends. be close to=not far away from be careful/free/busy/tired/happy(.形容词) be late for school be like =look like How long do you do sport/exercise every week? - More than three hours.=How much sport/exercise do you do every week? How soon will your father be back? -Hell be back in an hour. How far is it from your home to your school?-Five minutes walk. What is your father like?=What does your father look like?（问长相） He is tall and strong. What does your father like? （问喜好）-He likes watching football matches very much. What is your father?=What does your father do?(问职业)He is a doctor. How is your father? (问身体状况)-He is fine. like作动词，喜欢like doing sth./like to do sth. 作介词，像 Tom, like his father, likes going swimming. Tom像他的父亲，喜欢游泳。 常用不可数名词information(信息) news（新闻）paper（纸张）water（水） money（金钱）等 （用单数） There isnt any important news in todays newspaper. everyone, someone, nobody, anyone(人)，something, anything, everything, nothing皆为不定代词, 作主语，谓语动词用单数。不定代词放在形容词的前面。 Everyone is here. Lets begin our class.I have something important to tell you. Each of us has an English book.= We each have an English book. Everyone except Millie and me visits the factory this weekend. My parents both like watching volleyball matches. There are many shops on both sides of the street. There are many shops on each/either side of the street. The price of the shoes is very high/low. They are much too expensive/cheap. There are no lights in the room.=There arent any lights in the room. There are no other rooms on the third floor. Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.Shanghai is bigger than any city in Jiangsu. I have two sisters, one is a doctor, the other is a teacher. What else do you want to buy?=What other things do you want to buy? Where else would you like to go?=What other places would you like to go? This key is somebody elses .=This key belongs to somebody else. You can spend another ten minutes in bed.=You can spend ten more minutes in bed. This pair of trainers looks colourful. Could I try them on? Lucy and Lilys mother is a teacher.Lucys and Lilys mothers are teachers. a few(一些) /few(几乎没有,否定)+ 可数名词复数a little (一些) / little (几乎没有,否定)+不可数名词 He has few friends at school because he is new here. There is little orange juice in the fridge. Youd better go out to buy some. -He is never late for class, is he? 他从不迟到，对吗？-Yes, he is.不，他经常迟到。No, he isnt.是的，他从不迟到。 Millie has few friends at school, does she? One of the books is quite interesting. He looks much healthier than before. Eating healthily is very important for us. Can you find a room to live in? Who are you waiting for at the bus stop? Why are you waiting at the bus stop? It is a good school to study in in this small town. the biggest one in Fifth Street在第五大道上最大的一个 be different from与.不同 反义：be the same as与相同 The capital of Japan is Tokyo.=Tokyo is the capital of Japan.东京是日本的首都。 Ottawa is the capital of Canada. And the CN tower is in Toronto in Canada. 渥太华是加拿大的首都。国家电视塔在加拿大的多伦多。 London is the capital of the UK. And Big Ben is in the UK.伦敦是英国的首都。大本钟在英国。 Moscow is the capital of Russia. And Red Square is in Russia.莫斯科是俄罗斯的首都。红场在俄罗斯。 Paris is the capital of France. And the Eiffel Tower is in France.法国的首都是巴黎。埃菲尔铁塔在法国。 Washington D.C. is the capital of the USA. And the White House is in America. a town 15 miles from London离伦敦15英里的小镇 . share sth. with sb.与某人分享某物 I share a bedroom with my sister.=My sister and I live in the same bedroom. have my own bedroom有我自己的卧室=have a bedroom of my own look out at.朝外面看.look out of .从.向外看 look out at the beach朝