高中英语常考短语动词词语搭配专项总结归纳讲解.doc

.动词短语和常用习惯表达动词短语是许多省高考的必考内容。有时一个动词可以跟多个小品词构成多个短语动词，有时一个短语动词又有多个意思。在平时的学习中，我们要有意识地去积累这方面的知识，这样才能使学习更高效。掌握好常用的动词短语和习惯表达对于我们做完形和阅读的帮助也很大。第1讲 常用动词短语（一）考点1. break相关短语break down（机器）停止运转；（健康、精神）崩溃；（系统、讨论等）出问题；分解break away打破陈规，放弃习惯；奋力挣脱 break out（战争、疫情、火灾等）爆发break in/into破门而入break up打碎、分裂；分手Lets break up the whole into parts. You must break away from these old customs. The dog broke away from its owner and ran away. After a long time of hard work，he almost broke down. Why did the peace talks break down？ This matter will break down in water. 1.He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the air-conditioning system _.A. broke in B. broke up C. broke out D. broke down2.Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks _ in disasters.A. turn down B. turn out C. break downD. break out3. I m surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have _.So am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.A. broken up B. finished up C. divided upD. closed up 4.The computer system_ suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet. A. broke downB. broke out C. broke upD. broke in5.I was still sleeping when the fire_, and then it spread quickly. A. broke outB. put out C. came outD. got out考点2. call相关短语call at a place拜访某地call on/upon sb. 拜访或看望某人call for sth. (sb.)需要，要求；接（某人）、来取（某物）；喊着要人取来call off叫走，转移开；取消，不举行call on/upon sb. to do sth.号召某人做某事call up(给)打电话；想起，回忆起call in收回，召回call out大声喊Call your dog off. The match was called off because of bad weather. This problem calls for careful thought. Theyboycalledoutforhelp. Illcallforyouatseventhisevening. Wecallforthepackageatthepostoffice.The toy company has decided to call in the defective products all over the world.6.The Somali robbed frequent attacks on the sea urged the United Nations to_all nations to take immediate action.A. fight for B. apply for C. call on D. wait on7.Its the sort of work that _ a high level of concentration. A. calls for B. makes up C. lies inD. stands for 8.As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village _scenes of my childhood. A. called upB. called for C. called onD. called in考点3. come相关短语come about发生（不及物）；（bring about，使发生，及物）come across 偶然遇到（ meet with和run into也有这个意思）come along进展；一起来come up with想出（主意或计划等）come out（书、唱片、电影等）出版发行；（花）开放come to oneself苏醒过来（oneself可以省略）come to realize开始意识到come up（在谈话或会议中）被提及，被讨论Things are coming along fine. When does their new album come out? The subject came up at the meeting yesterday. 这个话题昨天在会议上被提及。9.If you _ faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.A. come acrossB. care about C. look forD. focus upon10.She _ an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.A. turned down B. dealt with C. took after D. came across11.Would you like to _ with us to the film tonight?A. come alongB. come off C. come acrossD. come through12.Have you _ some new ideas? Yeah. Ill tell you later. A. come aboutB. come into C. come up with D. come out with13.Its already 10 oclock I wonder how it _ that she was two hours late on such a short trip. A. came overB. came out C. came aboutD. came up14.His idea of having weekly family meals together, which seemed difficult at first, has _ many good changes in their lives. A. got through B. resulted from C. turned intoD. brought about考点4. cut相关短语cut down/back减少cut in插话；（车从前面突然）插入cut off切断、终止（供应、电话等）；使与外界隔断cut up切成碎片The government has announced plans to cut back on defence spending by 10% next year. Im trying to cut down on caffeine. I was just talking to Jane, when Dave cut in (on us / our conversation). Did you see that white car cut in (on us/ in front of us)? If this bill is not paid within five days, your gas supply will be cut off. Many villages have been cut off by the heavy snow. He cut the wood up to build a fire.15.My uncle hasnt been able to quit smoking, but at least he has _.A. cut outB. cut down C. cut up D. cut off16.I was just talking to Margot when Jackson _.A. cut inB. cut down C. cut outD. cut up考点5. get相关短语get along/on（人）相处融洽；（工作）进展get down to 开始认真做某事（to是介词）get through结束、完成；成功地联络；通过（考试）；渡过难关（也常用go through, be through）get away逃脱；离开get away with做成某坏事而未被发觉或处罚get changed换衣get across使理解，使相信get over战胜、克服（困难）get together聚会get to sb.使某人受到影响（cause sb. to suffer or be upset）How are you getting along/on with your job? She got through her exams without too much trouble. I dont know how I got through the first couple of months after Andys death. The thief got away in the dark. If someone commits a murder, he wont get away with it.I wanted to come along, but couldnt get away. We tried to get our point across, but he just wouldnt listen. The heat was beginning to get to me, so I went indoors.I know hes annoying, but you shouldnt let him get to you. 17.Weve just moved into a bigger house and theres a lot to do. Lets_ it.A. keep up with B. do away with C. get down toD. look forward to18.I had hoped to take a holiday this year but I wasnt able to _.A. get awayB. drop in C. check out D. hold on19.Team leaders must ensure that all members _ their natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes. A. get over B. look over C. take over D. come over 20.If we can _ our present difficulties, then everything should be all right.A. come acrossB. get over C. come overD. get off21.After that, he knew he could _ any emergency by doing what be could to the best of his ability.A. get away withB. get on with C. get through D. get across22.Hardly could he _ this amount of work in such a short time. A. get through B. get off C. get into D. get down23.I tried phoning her office, but I couldnt_.A. get alongB. get on C. get toD. get through 24.Its going to rain. Xiao Feng, will you please help me _ the clothes on the line?A. get offB. get back C. get in D. get on25.I used to quarrel a lot with my parents, but now we_ fine.A. look out B. stay up C. carry on D. get along26.How are you managing to do your work without an assistant? Well，I _somehow. A. get alongB. come on C. watch outD. set off27.Sarah, hurry up. Im afraid you cant have time to _ before the party.A. get changedB. get change C. get changingD. get to change考点6. give相关短语give away捐赠；泄露（秘密）give in (to sb)屈服，投降give out停止工作; 筋疲力尽；用完、用尽；分发；散布、公布（消息、文件等）give off/out发出（气味、热、光等）give up放弃（后跟动名词）The party was meant to be a surprise, but Sharon gave it away. She thinks no one knows how much she likes him, but her face gave her away! All machines gave out eventually. Ourfoodsuppliesgaveout.Both the man and the horse gave out after the long ride. The government gave out food to people out of work. They stood there, giving out the leaflets to the passers-by. This milk must be bad, for it is giving off a nasty smell. The sun gives out light and heat to the earth. Hegaveupteachingonlytwoyearsago. 28.If a person has not had enough sleep, his actions will give him _during the day.A. away B. up C.in D. back29.The news of the mayors coming to our school for a visit was _ on the radio yesterday. A. turned outB. found out C. given out D. carried out30.What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has _?A. given out B. put out C. held up D. used up考点7. go相关短语go about着手做某事（begin to do/deal with sth.），后跟动名词；到处走动go over复习；仔细察看go off爆炸；（枪、闹铃）响go red/ mad/ blind/ hungrygo是系动词，“变得”go ahead (with)开始(继续)做某事go through(法律、计划等)通过，批准；经受（困难）；全面检查How can we go about solving this problem? Didnt you hear your alarm clock going off this morning? Weve received permission to go ahead with the music festival in spite of opposition from local residents. I always go over my revision notes just before I go into an exam. You must go over the instructions of how it works before you use the micro-wave oven. Im going through my wardrobe and throwing out all the clothes I dont wear any more. Remember to go through the pockets before you put those trousers in the washing machine. 31.Didnt you have a good time at the party?Of course I did. As a matter of fact, I had such fun that time seemed to _ so quickly. A. go byB. go away C. go outD. go over32.Do you think that housing price will keep _ in the years to come?Sorry, I have no idea. A. lifting upB. going up C. bringing upD. growing up33.Would you please _this form for me to see if Ive filled it in right? A. take offB. look after C. give upD. go over34.To get a better grade, you should _the notes again before the test. A. go over B. get over C. turn over D. take over第2讲常用动词短语（二）考点1. look相关短语look around/about环视四周look back on sth.回顾(某事)，回想(某事)look down on看不起，瞧不起look forward to期待，盼望（后跟动名词）look up抬头看；(在书、字典中)查找；好转look over审阅，检查（to quickly examine）look sb. over上下打量（某人）look through翻阅，浏览（to read sth. quickly ）look into sth.调查，研究，了解； look into ones eyes直视look out注意，小心（也可用watch out!）look out for留意（try to notice，也可用watch out for, keep an eye out for）look up to sb.钦佩、敬仰某人（look down upon瞧不起）look after照料，照看look on/upon sb. as把某人当作看待I still shudder when I look back on the past. Things are looking up. You shouldnt look down upon the poor. The police are looking into the cause of the accident.Look out. Theres a car coming! I had a few minutes before the meeting to look over what hed written. He looked her over and nodded lightly. We looked on her as a daughter.While shopping here, you must look out for pickpockets. Many fans look up to Yao Ming.1.I often _ the words I dont know in the dictionary or on the Internet.A. look upB. look at C. look forD. look into2.Would you please _ the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes?A. look aroundB. look into C. look upD. look through 3.It is reported that the police will soon _ the case of two missing children.A. look uponB. look after C. look intoD. look out 4.“Goodbye, then,” she said, without even _ from her book.A. looking downB. looking up C. looking awayD. looking on 5.No matter how low you consider yourself , there is always someone _ you wishing they were that high.A. getting rid of B. getting along with C. looking up toD. looking down upon考点2. pay相关短语pay back偿还；报复pay off 还清（债务、欠款）；（付出得到）回报pay sb. some money for sth.因为某物/事付给某人多少钱pay down当场支付，现金支付Can you lend me some money? Ill pay you/it back tomorrow. He swore hed pay her back for all shed done to him. We should be able to pay off the debt within two years. All her hard work paid off in the end, and she finally passed the exam. 6.The athletes years of hard training _ when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.A. went onB. got through C. paid off D. ended up 7.The watch was very good, and he _ 20 percent down for it.A. paid B. cost C. bought D. spent考点3. pick相关短语pick up捡起，拿起去拿某物，去接某人中途搭载乘客（在实践中）学得（语言习惯等）买（便宜货），用较少的钱买到见到、听到、闻到（微弱光、声音、气味）（无线电）接收到（信号）（中断后）重新开始，继续跌倒后站(爬)起来增加、改善：（风）变大，（车）提速，(生意天气健康等)好转 有起色等pick out(从众多人、物中)辨认出；挑选I went to pick up the phone/receiver, but it had stopped ringing.When youre in town, could you pick up the books I ordered? Whose turn is it to pick the children up after school? The train stopped several times to pick up passengers. My friends knew where to pick up a good second-hand bike. We picked up the harbor lights as we sailed along.Police dogs picked up the scent（气味） of the two men from clothes they had left behind. Can you pick up Moscow on your radio? After lunch shall we pick up where we left off yesterday? She fell off her bike, but quickly picked herself up. The truck picked up speed slowly. The wind always picks up in the evening. His spirits picked up when he got the good news. The economy is finally beginning to pick up again. He picked up nicely after a long careful treat. It seems as if the weather may pick up soon. Let me pick out some good ones for you.8.Its surprising that your brother _ Russian so quicklyhe hasnt lived there very long.A. picked up B. looked up C. put upD. made up9.Sam _some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.A. brought upB. looked up C. picked upD. set up10.It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly _ my friend. A. turn outB. bring out C. call out D. pick out考点4. put相关短语put aside留出（钱或时间等）；暂置一边put sth. away把某物收拾起来put sth. back放回原处put down镇压；写下；放下put forward提出（建议等）put off推迟（后跟动名词作宾语）put on穿衣；上演put out 扑灭（火）put up张贴；搭建；举起；提供临时住处put up with忍受He put aside some money every month for future uses. Lets put our differences aside. The proposals that you have put forward deserve serious consideration. Sally is putting me up for the weekend. I cant put off going to the dentist any longer.Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today. 11.I can _ the house being untidy, but I hate it if its not clean. A. come up withB. put up with C. turn toD. stick to12.The exam results will be _ on Friday afternoon.A. put downB. put off C. put upD. put away13.At the last moment, Tom decided to _ a new character to make the story seem more likely.A. put upB. put in C. put onD. put off14.He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of _ at a hotel for the night.A. putting down B. putting off C. putting on D. putting up 15.Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can _ almost every word her teacher says.A. put outB. put down C. put away D. put together16.Dont be so discouraged. If you _ such feelings, you will do better next time.A. carry on B. get back C. break downD. put away17.The forest guards often find campfires that have not been _ completely.A. turned downB. put out C. put awayD. turned over考点5. set相关短语set about doing开始，着手（to start to do or deal with something, 后跟动名词 set out/off出发（start a journey）set out to do开始做，着手做（to start an activity with a particular aim）set off点燃,引爆set aside留出（时间、钱等）；暂置一边(也可用put aside)set sb. apart使区别开来set down写入、印入（正式文件中）set up建立（公司、组织、体系等）；组织（会议、活动等）sb. be set up受陷害，中圈套set back推迟；使受挫set/lay the table整理餐桌set a record创纪录Ive no idea how to set about changing a tyre on a car. I tried to apologize, but I think I set about it the wrong way.He had some money in an account that hed set aside for his kids. I set aside half an hour every evening to hear Erik read. In times of war people tend to set aside political differences. What set her apart was that she had a lot of original ideas. What time will we have to set off/out for the station tomorrow? They set out to discover a cure for cancer. Be careful that you dont set the fireworks off by mistake.The rules of the club are set down in the members handbook. A committee has been set up to organize social events in the college. We need to set up a meeting to discuss the proposals. They claimed that they werent selling drugs, but that theyd been set up by the police. The accident has set them back several weeks. All their efforts at reform have been set back.18.We _ to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day.A. set about B. set up C. set out D. set down19.Armed with the information you have gathered , you can _ preparing your business plan. A. set out B. set about C. set off D. set up20.Traditionally, college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they _ on their life journey. A. give upB. settle down C. get through D. set off21.You had better _ some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic.A. set asideB. take up C. put awayD. give out22.Einstein liked Boses paper so much that he _ his own work and translated it into German.A. gave off B. turned down C. took over D. set aside23.For all these years I have been working for others. Im hoping Ill _ my own business someday. A. turn upB. fix up C. set upD. make up考点