初中英语反义疑问句精讲.doc

反义疑问句反义疑问句(The Disjunctive Question) 即附加疑问句。它表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方证实。 反义疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。主 语一般词语附加疑问句中主语 用和主语一致的主语，用主格。 不定代词当陈述部分的主语是 (1)everyone,no one， nobody 等时，后面的疑问句应表示为： Everyone is in the classroom, arent they? (基本不用单数，但也可用he） Nobody will go, will they? (2) everything,anything,nothing,something时，附加疑问句中主语一般用 it 不用 they （3）this,that,或those,these时，附加疑问句中主语用it和they. 特殊句型否定意义的词 （1）当陈述部分有never，seldom, hardly，few，little，barely, scarcely, nothing 等否定意义的词时，后面的反意疑问句则为肯定形式： There are few apples in the basket, are there? He can hardly swim, can he? They seldom come late, do they? （2）当陈述部分含有否定意思的词是unhappy,dislike,unfriendly等含有否定词缀的派生词，也就是有un-前缀、-less后缀等含有词缀而意思否定的词，当做肯定句处理，疑问部分要用否定形式。如： He looks unhappy,doesnt he?他看上去不高兴，不是吗？ The girl dislikes history,doesnt she?这女孩不喜欢历史，不是吗？ 表示主语主观意愿的词含有think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect等动词后接宾语从句构成的主从复合句在构成反意疑问句时，视情况不同有两种不同的构成方式。 (1) 当主句的主语为第一人称时，其后的简短问句应与从句相一致。例如： I expect our English teacher will be back this weekend, wont she/he? We suppose you have finished the project, havent you? 值得注意的是，当这些动词后接的宾语从句的否定转移到主句时，其仍属否定句，故其后的简短问句应用肯定式，而非否定式。例如： I dont believe that he can translate this book, can he? Wedont imagine the twins have arrived, have they? 此类句子的回答同前否后肯型反意疑问句一样，如上述后一个句子，若双胞胎已经到了，则回答为Yes, they have.；若尚未到达，使用No, they havent.。 (2) 当主句的主语为第二、三人称时，其后的简短问句则应与主句相一致（此时，否定只看主句，与从句无关.）。例如： Your sister supposes she needs no help, doesnt she? You thought they could have completed the project, didnt you? They dont believe shes an engineer, do they? She doesnt expect that we are coming so soon, does she? (3)但如果主句的时态是过去时等等，疑问句应和主句的人称时态保持一致。 had better或have陈述部分有had better,或其中的have表示完成时态时，疑问句应用hadnt等开头： Youd better get up early, hadnt you? 其他情况句中有have时疑问句应用dont等开头 如have表示“有”的时候，有两种形式： -He has two sisters,doesnt he? -He doesnt have any sisters,does he? 祈使句当陈述部分是祈使句时，疑问句要根据语气来表达 当开头是Lets时，一定要用shall we。其余都用will you（包括 Let us）不论肯定否定 Lets go out for a walk, shall we? Let us go out for a walk, will you? Let me help you,may I? Turn on the radio, will you? There be句型There be 句型中，反义疑问部分必须为be 动词 + there There are some apples in the basket, arent there? There isnt any milk left, is there? must当陈述部分有情态动词must，问句有4种情况： （1）mustnt表示“禁止，不可，不必”时，附加问句通常要用must. You mustnt stop your car here,must you? 你不能把车停在这地方，知道吗？ （2）must表示“有必要”时，附加问句通常要用neednt. They must finish the work today,neednt they? 他们今天要完成这项工作，是吗？ （3）当must用来表示对现在的情况进行推测时，问句通常要根据must后面的动词采用相应的形式。 He must be good at English,isnt he? 他英语一定学得很好，是吗？ （4）当must+have done表示对过去的情况进行推测（一般句中有明确的过去时间状语），问句要根据陈述部分谓语的情况用“didnt+主语”或“wasnt/werent+主语”；如果强调动作的完成（一般没有明确的过去时间状语），问句要用“havent/hasnt+主语”。 She must have read the novel last week,didnt she? 她上星期一定读了这本小说，是吗？ You must have told her about it,havent you? 你一定把这事告诉她了，是吗？ 回 答反意疑问句的回答用yes， no， 但是，回答意思相反,当陈述部分是否定形式时，回答要按事实。如： They dont work hard, do they? 他们不太努力工作，是吗？ Yes, they do. 不，他们工作努力。/No, they dont. 对， 他们工作不努力 肯定反意疑问句的回答当陈述部分为否定式，反意疑问句为肯定式时，其回答往往与汉语不一致，需特别引起注意： It isnt cheap, is it? Yes, it is. “它不便宜吧？”“不，很便宜。” He doesnt love her, does he? No, he doesnt. “他不爱她，是吗？”“是的，他不爱她。”此时，Yes即不，对前面It isnt cheap.的否定。 否定反意疑问句的回答当陈述部分为肯定式，反意疑问句为否定式时，其回答一般不会造成困难，一般只需照情况回答即可： Its new, isnt it? Yes, it is. “是新的，对吗？”“对，是新的。” He wants to go, doesnt he? No, he doesnt. “他想去，对吗？”“不，他不想去。” 此时，No即是，对前面Its new.的肯定。 回答反意疑问句的原则回答反意疑问句通常应根据实际情况来确定，“It is a beautiful flower，isnt it？” “It isnt a beautiful flower，is it？” 肯定均为“Yes，it is.否定为“No，it isnt. 快 速 记 忆 表陈述部分的谓语 疑问部分 I arent I Wish may +主语 no,nothing,nobody,never, few, seldom, hardly, 肯定含义 rarely, little等否定含义的词 ought to（肯定的） shouldnt/ oughtnt +主语 have to+v.(had to+v.) dont +主语(didnt +主语) used to didnt +主语或 usednt +主语 had better + v. hadnt you would rather + v. wouldnt +主语 youd like to + v. wouldnt +主语 must 根据实际情况而定 感叹句中 be +主语 Neithernor, eitheror 连接的并列主语 根据其实际逻辑意义而定 指示代词或不定代词 everything,that, nothing,this 主语用it 并列复合句 谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定 定语从句,宾语从句的 主从复合句 根据主句的谓语而定 think,believe,expect, suppose,imagine等引导 与宾语从句相对应的从句everybody,anyone, somebody,nobody,no one 复数they, 单数he 情态动词dare或need need (dare ) +主语 dare, need 为实义动词 do +主语 省去主语的祈使句 will you？ Lets 开头的祈使句 Shall we? Let us 开头的祈使句 Will you? there be 相应的谓语动词+there(省略主语代词）否定前缀不能视为否定词 仍用否定形式 must表推测 根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句练习一、单项选择1、Few of them hurt themselves in the accident last night,_A. dont they B. didnt they C. did they D. do they2、 -Youve never seen dinosaur eggs, have you ? -_. How I wish to visit the Dinosaur World.A. Yes, I have B. No, I havent C. Certainly, I have D. Of course, I havent3、His sister had a bad cough, _she?A. wasnt B. doesnt C. hadnt D. didnt4、Mr. Green went to Shenzhen on business last week,_?A. isnt he B. doesnt he C. didnt he D. hasnt he5、John can hardly understand any Chinese, _he?A. Cant B. doesnt C. can D. does6、Dont smoke in the meeting-room,_?A. do you B. will you C. can you D. could you7、Lucy, you clean the blackboard today,_A. do you B. did you C. will you D. can you8、Miss Cheng will never forget her first visit to Canada ,_?A. will she B. wont she C. isnt she D. wasnt she9、The lady couldnt say a word when she saw the snake,_?A. could the lady B. couldnt the lady C. could she D. couldnt she10、-_sweater is this? -I think its Peters.A. Who B. What C. Which D. Whose11、-_I go and meet you at the airport? -No ,thanks, dear . I can take a taxi home.A. Will B. Do C. Shall D. Should12、-_is the Confucian Temple(孔庙) from here? -Its about 10 minuters walk.A. How many B. How long C. How much D. How far13、-_may I keep these book? -two weeks.A. How often B. How far C. How long D. How soon14、Tina is unhappy now,_?A. isnt she B. is she C. is he D.did she15、-_you _TV at the moment? -No ,you can turn it off.A. Did, watch B. Are ,watching C. Do ,watch D. Have , watched16、-_do you go to Hong Kong? -sorry , Ive never been there.A. How long B. How often C. How far D. How soon17、A: _you ever _ the Great Wall? B: Only once.A. Did ,go B. Have , been to C. Have ,gone to D. Have ,been in18、-You lent me some money a few months ago. -_? I dont remember lending you any money .A. Did I B. Did you C. Do I D. Do you19、-_is it from here to Yancheng Railway Station? -About two kilometers.A. How often B. How far C. How soon D. How long20、-Are you going to borrow a dictionary or a magazine? -_.A. Yes, a dictionary B. No, a magazine C. A dictionary D. Yes both21、My uncle has never been to a foreign country,_?A. has he B. does he C. hasnt he D. doesnt he22、There is some water in that bottle, isnt _A. there B. it C. that D.those23、-_will the foreign students be back from NanJing. -In two days, I think .A. How soon B. How often C. How far D. How fast24、-Have you seen the film Return Of the King ? -_. I going to see it tonight.A. No , I didnt B. Yes ,I do C. Yes ,I have D. Not yet25、-John, will you please paint the door yellow? -_?A. Why B. What is it C. How is it D. How about26、-Lets go and play football,_? -Thats wonderful.A. will you B. do you C. wont you D. shall we27、-The boy has to stay at home to look after his little sister,_? -Yes, because his mother has gone shopping.A. does he B. is he C. doesnt he D