虚拟语气Grammar

Unit1Art 虚拟语气 SubjunctiveMood I 虚拟语气在英语中 表示说话人所说的话不是事实 而是一种假设 愿望 怀疑或推测 要用虚拟语气 虚拟语气可以用于条件状语从句 主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句等 本节课我们主要学习if条件从句和wish后的宾语从句中表示现在或将来情况的虚拟语气的用法 观察体会 请看下图及对话 体会表示现在的虚拟语气的用法 A Whydon tourgrandchildrenvisitusmoreoften B Theydon thaveenoughtime Iftheyhadmoretime they dvisitusmoreoften A IwonderwhyFredworkssohard B Idon tknow Hemustlikehisjob A Ifhedidn tlikehisjob hewouldn tworksohard A Doyouenjoydrivingaschoolbus B Notreally IwishIdroveataxi A CanJonathandance B No hecan t buthewisheshecould Ifhecoulddance he dgodancingeverynight 一 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中 1 表示与现在事实相反的假设 条件状语从句中的谓语动词用 过去式 be动词的过去式用were 而主句中的谓语动词 would should could might 动词原形 虚拟语气 e g IfIwereaboy Iwouldjointhearmy IfIhadalotofmoney Iwouldbuyavilla IfIhadalotofmoneynow Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld IfIhadalotofmoney Iwouldgoshopping a Ifthey be here they take youradvice b Iftheworld war burst outagain what happen toourpeopleonearth were wouldtake burst wouldhappen c Ifthepoliceman benot inthatroom it be verydangerous d IfI be inyourposition I ask forteacher shelp werenot couldbe were wouldask 2 与过去的事实相反 从句的谓语用had 过去分词 构成IfI we you he they had 过去分词的形式 主句的谓语用should 第一人称 would 第二 三人称 could mighthave 动词过去分词 Ifhe morecarefully he thecaraccidentyesterday haddriven wouldnothavehad IfI howtoswim I trappedinthisisland hadlearnt wouldnothavebeen a IfTom be morecarefulintheexam he pass italready b Ifyou get upearlier you catch thefirsttrain hadbeen wouldhavepassed hadgot wouldhavecaught c IfI meet youyesterday we go totheconcerttogether hadmet wouldhavegone 3 与将来事实相反 从句的谓语用IfI we you he they 动词过去式或weretodo或shoulddo形式 主句谓语用should 第一人称 would 第二 三人称 could might 动词原形 Ifyousucceeded everythingwouldbeallright Ifyoushouldsucceed everythingwouldbeallright Ifyouweretosucceed everythingwouldbeallright Ifhegotupearly hewouldbeontime 假如他来了 我们对他说什么呢 Ifheweretocome whatshouldwesaytohim 假如他看见我 就会认识我 Ifheshouldseeme hewouldknowme a Ifthere be nonaturalresourceanymore we make useofnuclearpower b What happen ifyou getup toolatetomorrow shouldbe shouldmake wouldhappen shouldgetup c IfRobots control theworldsomeday here be nofriendship weretocontrol wouldbe 过去时 were would could should might v 原 总结 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法 过去完成时 would could should might have p p 1 过去时2 should v 3 weretodo would could should might v 原 二 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法 1 在动词wish后的宾语从句中 表示与现在或过去的事实相反 或对将来的主观愿望 从句通常省略连词that 1 表示对现在情况的虚拟 从句动词用过去式或过去进行式 be动词一般用were IwishIwereastallasyou Iwisheverydayweremybirthday Iwish wishedIhadn teatensomuchwatermelon 2 表示对过去情况的虚拟 从句动词常用 had 过去分词 Thepartywasterrible IwishIhadnevergonetoit 3 表示对将来的主观愿望 从句动词形式为 would 动词原形 注意 主句的主语与从句的主语不能相同 因为主句的主语所期望的从句动作能否实现 取决于从句主语的态度或意愿 非动物名词除外 e g 但愿你立刻来 Iwishyouwouldcomesoon Iwishitwouldraintomorrow 2 表示要求 命令 建议的虚拟语气 常见动词 一个坚持 两个命令 三个建议 四个要求 即 insist2 order command3 advise suggest propose4 demand require request desire 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气 即从句中的动词使用should 动词原形 或者将should省略 e g 我们建议汤姆去休息一下 他坚决要求我到场 WesuggestedthatTom should havearest HeinsistedthatI should bepresent Thekingorderedthattheprisoners should bekilledthenextday Theyrequestedthatwe should sendthemtoworkthere e g 国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑 他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作 4 wouldrather that 现在 过去 将来 Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow Iwouldrathe