人教版八年级英语上册unit-10知识点归纳.doc

秋季课程Unit 10 If you go to the party, youll have a great time一、主要词汇 动词（v）：organize组织；advise建议；solve解决；trust相信； 名词（n）：meeting会议；video录像带；chocolate巧克力；teenager青少年；wallet钱包；mile英里；mistake错误；himself他自己；advice建议；step步骤；Experience经历，经验； 动词&名词：travel旅游； 形容词（adj）：upset难过的；normal正常的；angry生气的；understanding善解人意的；careless粗心的；careful小心的，仔细的； 副词（adv）：certainly 当然； 连词（conj）：unless除非，如果不；if 如果；when当2、 单元语法If 引导的条件状语从句1、If意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句； If you go there，Ill go，too 如果你去那里，那我也会去 从句 主句 My mother will take me to the park if she is free 主句 从句2、 时态运用 在含有if 引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句中，主句为下列情形之一的，条件状语从句要用一般现在时。 主句是一般将来时（主将从现） If he comes，he will bring his violin If you leave，you wont get gifts from Mrs White 主句谓语含有情态动词may/might/can/must/should等时 If you want to lose weight，you must eat less meat 主句是祈使句 If you are not strong enough，please dont take part in such an activity 如果你不够强壮， 就请不要参加这种活动1、 If we _ take environmental problem seriously，the earth _ worse and worse. A. dont; will be B.wont; isnt C.wont; is D. dont; wont be2、 If Tom _ the game,well give him a surprise. A.win B.wins C.won D.winning3、 All of us will be happy _ you can come A.while B.if C.but D.or4、 If Mr.Green _ back, please let me know A.will come B.comes C.come D.had come5、 As a teenager，you _ help your parents do some housework A.shall B.will C.should D.must6、 For everyones safety, we _ always remember that law against driving after drinking A.could B.should C.might D.would3、 知识点讲解1、 if you go to the party，youll have a good time若你去聚会，你会玩得很开心 直译：有一段开心的时光 引申：玩得开心 have a good time = enjoy oneself = have fun ，玩得开心 Enjoy oneself 享受自己 Have fun 拥有乐趣/找到乐趣 They are having a good time in the park = they are having fun in the park = they are enjoying themselves 他们在公园里玩得很开心2、 half the class wont come 一半的学生不会来 Half 有两种词性： 形容词：“一半的”，一半放在冠词the前面 Half the workers come from Shandong 一半的工人都来自山东 名词：“一半” Half of . .的一半 Half of these apples are from America 这些苹果有一半是从美国运来的 注意：half of 后面若接的是不可数名词，谓语动词要用单数形式 若接的是可数名词复数，谓语动词要用复数形式 Half of the money is mine 这钱有一半是我的 Half of the classmates are boys 班上的同学有一半都是男生 【拓展】 all，形容词：意为“全部的” 名词：全部 All the students are from China 全部的学生都是来自中国 All of my money was stolen yesterday 昨天我所有的钱都被偷了3、 let s order food from a restaurant 让我们在餐厅订购食物吧！ Order作动词时有两种意思： 订购，下单 Order sth from. 从某处订购某物 Would you like to order some bread？你需要点一些面包吗？ I order some clothes from that shop 我从那家商店订购了一些衣服 命令 Order sb to do sth 命令某人做某事 The general orders the soldiers to leave for next city at once将军命令士兵们立刻动身前往下一个城市 【拓展】两个常见且重要的结构： In order to+动词原形 = in order that（句子），意为“为了.” He gets up early in order to catch the early bus = He gets up early in order that he can catch the early bus为了赶上早班车，他早早就起床了4、 If we ask people to bring food，theyll just bring potato chips and chocolate 如果我们要求大家带食物过来，他们只会带薯片和巧克力过来 Ask，动词，两层意思： 询问，问：the teacher asked us “Do you finish homework？” 老师问我们道：你们完成作业了吗？ 要求 ； ask sb to do sth 要求某人做某事 My parents ask me to go home on every weekend 我父母要求我每周末都要回家 The teacher asks the students not to play outside 老师要求学生们不要到外面去玩耍It is time for class，Mr.King asked all the children _ down quietly A.sit B.sat C.to sit D.sitting5、 Theyll be too lazy to cook 他们会懒得不想煮饭too.to. 太.以至不能.Too + 形容词/ 副词 + to +动词原形 He is too fat to run fast 他太胖了以至不能跑得快 His father is too poor to send him to school 他父亲太穷了以至不能送他上学 He runs too slowly to catch up with Mike 他跑得太慢了以至于追不上麦克 Too.to.是初中重点学习结构之一，它可以与so.that. 和not.enough to互换So+形容词/副词 +that（句子） He is too fat so that he cant run fast His father is so poor that he cant his child to school Not + 形容词 + enough（adv）+ to do sth He is not thin enough to run fast His father is not rich enough to send his child to school 1、 The girl is _ young _ dress herself2、 I havent seen my grandparents for long，Im too busy _ them these days. Why not call them instead? A.visit B.to visit C.visiting D.visits6、 Can you give me some advice please? 请问你可以给我一些建议吗？ Advise, 动词，建议 Advice，名词，建议，是不可数名词，因此要表示数量时需要借助some和piece等词 A piece of advice 一条建议 Two pieces of advice 两条建议 Some advice一些建议 Suggestion，也是“建议”，但它是可数名词 Some advice = some suggestions 一些建议7、 travel around the world = travel all over the world 环游世界8、 If people have problems，they should keep them to themselves 如果人们又烦恼的话，他们应该把这些问题留给自己 Keep.to oneself，“保守秘密；把（问题/烦恼）埋在心底” The teenagers like to keep their problems to themselves 青少年喜欢自己的问题埋藏在心里 反身代词：单数复数第一人称Myself 我自己Ourselves我们自己第二人称Yourself 你自己Yourselves你们自己第三人称Himself 他自己Themselves他们自己Herself她自己Itself 它自己9、 Unless we talk to someone，well certainly feel worse 除非我们跟别人聊一聊，不然的话我们肯定会感觉更糟糕 Unless，连词，意为“除非.（不然的话）主句会.”，也遵循主将从现 Unless you study hard, you wont get good grade_ Unless you come here, we wont leave_ Unless = if. Not If you dont study hard, you wont get good grade _,we wont leave Well have a picnic near the river tomorrow _ it rains heavily A.until B.if C.unless D.when10、 certainly = sure = of course 当然；当然可以11、 She was afraid to tell her parents about it 她害怕告诉父母这件事Be afraid to do sth = be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事I am afraid to speak in public = I am afraid of speaking in public 我害怕在公众面前讲话12、 Be angry with sb 生某人的气 Mike is angry with me 麦克生我气了Be angry at/about sth 因某事而生气 My father is angry at my mistake 父亲因我犯的错生气了Be angry with sb at/about sth 因某事而生某人的气 My friend is angry with me at my being late 我的朋友因我的迟到而生气了生气的其他表达方法：be angry with sb = be upset with sb = be mad at sb 生.的气13、 careful，形容词，意为“小心的；留心的；谨慎的”Be careful of/about. 注意/留心.You must be careful of your pronunciation 你必须要留心你的发音Be careful to do sth 做某事要是留心的,注意的/当心、留心去做某事He is very careful to read every word 他很留心/细心地去读每一个单词Careful 小心的 （反义词） careless 粗心的Helpful帮的上忙的 （反义词）helpless无助的Meaningful有意义的 （反义词）meaningless无意义的 14、make mistake 犯错误 You should be careful not to make mistake 你应该小心点，不要犯错误 15、Robert Hunt advises students about common problems 罗伯特亨特就一些常见的问题给学生们提了一些建议Advise sb on/about sth 就某事给某人提建议The teachers always advise students about study 老师们总是就学习方面给学生们提建议Advise ab to do sth 建议某人做某事Advise sb not to do sth 建议某人不要做某事He advises us to do more exercise 他建议我们多做运动Mike advises us not to drink much cold water in winter 麦克建议我们冬天不要喝太多冷水16、 It is best not to run away from our problem 最好还是不要逃避我们的问题 It is + 形容词 + to do sth 做某事是.的形式主语 真正主语 It is not polite to speak loudly in public_ It is easy to find the way to the library _It is best to do sth 直译：做某事是最好的 引申：最好做某事It is best to do sth = you had better do sth = youd better do sth 最好做某事 你最好做某事It is best not to do sth = you d better not do sth 最好不要做某事 你最好不要做某事It is best to speak English every day 最好每天都说说英语You d better not run away from your responsibilities你最好不要逃避责任 Run away from. 直译：跑步远离某物 引申：逃避.17、 Students often forget that their parents have more experience 学生们经常忘记他们的父母往往更有经验Experience作为名词，有两种意思： 经验；不可数名词 Mrs.Green has a lot of teaching experience 格林夫人又很多教学经验 经历；可数名词 Tom likes traveling，he has many unusual experiences 汤姆喜欢旅游，他有许多不寻常的经历Mrs.Wang was sent to teaach English in a poor mountain village last year.She said she would never forget some pleasant _ while working there.A. experiments B.expressions C.experiences D.emotions18、 be halfway to doing sth/sth，意为“完成了或者做了某件事的一半”其中，这里的“to”是介词，所以后面跟的是动词，动词要是ing形式We are halfway to finishing the job 我们完成了工作的一半19、 finally = at last = in the end ，都意为“最后”I waited and waited，and the train finally arrived 我等了又等，最终火车来了My brother went to college at last 我弟弟最后终于上了大学They won in the end 他们最后赢了巩固练习一单项选择( )1. My mother will make some food for us if we _ a party at home.A. will haveB. haveC. are havingD. are going to have( )2. Carol will come and play with me if he _ busy.A. isB. wont beC. isntD. will be( )3. _ you are famous, you will be known by many people.A. If B. Because C. Although D. So( )4. He makes a living _ many kinds of fruits.A. selling B. sell C. to sell D. for selling( )5. My job is dangerous, but I can make _ money.A. a lot of B. less C. little D. no( )6. I had a difficult time _ my homework yesterday evening.A. do B. to do C. doing D. did( )7. -I feel kind of unhealthy. -You should get enough _.A. junk food B. exerciseC. water D. beef( )8.If Mary is late tomorrow, the teacher wont _.A.let in herB.let her in C.let into her D.let her into( )9.Half the class _from Yueyang , and they can all swim.A.is B.are C.wasD. were( )10.If you study hard , you will _a good education. A.get B.make C.find D.have( )11.March is a good time _China . A.visit B.visits C.to visit D.visiting( )12.Were going to play soccer. Will you _us、 A.take part in B.look after C.join D.organize( )13.He has a lot of _and he is _about his English and Chinese. A.worry, worry B.worried, worried C.worries, worried D.worried, worried( )14.They have some problems_their families. A.with B.of C.about D.on( )15.Unless it _tomorrow , we will fly a kite in the park. A.rain B.rains C.doesnt rain D.not rain( )16._can help us relax a lot. A.Travel B.Traveling C.Traveled D.Travels( )17. I think you _pass the exam if you work hard . A.can able to B.will able to C.can be able to D.will be able to( )18.I saw a boy _in the street , so I went to ask what was wrong with her. A.cry B.crying C.to cry D.cried( )19.My dream is _a pilot when I grow up. A.being B.to be C.to being D.be( )20.Peter is a shy boy. He always _his problems _. A.writes , down B.keeps , to himelf C.finds ,out D.takes , up二根据汉语提示或首写字母补全单词。15分1. If you take an MP3 to school , the teacher will take it a_.2. Anfrea is going to o_a school party on Saturday .3. Dont t_him. He always tells us a joke.4.Can you help me to s_the problem?5.Every year our school has two sports _(集会).6.There are some r_in my family .For example , I cant go out on school nights.7.Lets play a _（录像）game on the computer.8.Eating too much _（巧克力