土木工程道路桥梁施工质量管理中英文献.docx

On civil engineering Road and Bridge construction quality management1. IntroductionCivil engineering building project success lies in the quality of quality, separate, other everything is out of the question. Therefore, to take civil engineering construction quality management in the construction project implementation plan and implementation process.In practice, no more than the use of engineering quality of care. But to ensure the construction quality, using the party there is a need for the organization experienced professional quality management team, design of the whole construction process, including engineering design, construction units, building material, construction process and supervision and other aspects of the management, but also guide the construction unit of the construction personnel to timely and effectively encourages training. This article from the above several aspects to discuss.2. Construction of the effective surveillance on the use of unit, design unit as a design once, is the work of supervisors, why should I organize the quality surveillance team? Because our country construction there are still many unsatisfactory objective or objective aspects, the unit is necessary to hire have the sense of responsibility, have management experience, familiar with the policies and regulations, have good communication ability quality management, set up quality management team, the construction design and construction process for effective management monitoring. The management team, can according to the engineering build pause status stop adjustment, implementation of compulsory system. On ordinary civil construction, quality management is relatively easy, with the possible exception of new information on the use of new technology, the whole quality management more rule-based. On special request of civil building engineering, quality management will be arranged to stop.First of all, on the quality of project design management. This stage, mainly for the design units in strict accordance with the unit can the fundamental request stop design, to check whether reasonable design plan, design intent can and the surrounding geographical environment as well as local humane environment of harmony, in the technology and the budget is feasible, can be advanced technology, reliable structure can safely, whether the unit in charge of construction appropriate technology request etc.These aspects of the management and inspection, in relation to the whole building after project completion, in the use of function, quality, human physical performance and other aspects whether can reach certain degree of satisfaction of the big issue.At this stage, management personnel more to listen to designers to design the idea, a lot of advisory application unit in macroscopical and microcosmic staff views on initiative, make design to perfection.In addition, to check the design drawings can correctly reflect the design plan, calculated correctly, drawing dimensioning can have mistakenly, selection of materials and construction request whether reasonable, the overall design of various departments such as can harmonious design. Because our country is in the design and supervision work still is lacked very much, in the aspects of management and examination must be careful, in order to prevent subsequent quality disputes.Secondly, to the construction supervision supervision.Construction supervision is the key to guarantee the construction quality. Quality management departments should promptly to supervision departments to key local construction quality monitoring report, implement supervision duty. At the same time, but also in a timely manner, sampling test, certain construction technology can fit design request. On construction supervision departments, to check its supervision can improve the supervision work procedure, to check whether supervision report specification, not in conformity with the requests of construction operation can be corrected in a timely manner.Again, on the construction equipment and construction personnel basic quality supervision and inspection construction can stop, with safe and reliable, can satisfy the design request and to complete construction; construction team consisting of whether reasonable, the construction of the technical staff to whether accord with basic request, especially on special request link, can have the equivalent level technical personnel in charge of participating in the construction process. Pay attention to the quality of construction unit, it progresses to the legal view. On raw materials procurement and construction of test procedures are detailed records.In addition, to stop the construction effect of sampling, discover a problem, timely and inspect manage personnel contact, stop the rectification, to prevent the engineering dispute, avoid engineering quality formation of waste.3. Construction of the various communication quality management work is not a design and construction method for cubic, but the entire project important constituent, it is designed with all relevant units of the divergent interests of. Present quality problems, the parties involved have the duty, have loss. At this point, the quality management must communicate with relevant parties, won the understanding and support. In addition, in the process of construction, also often encounter the construction side of the design request of doubt problem. The generation of these problems, sometimes due to the use of units of detailed request, some are the result of the design concept and design thoughts of the reasons, some due to the construction process the request of different caused. These problems cannot be ignored, should be promptly to communicate, understand the request, the timely adjustment. Not conscious construction, so that the practical results and design request is betrayed, and the use of units of the basic request of betrayal, unnecessary disputes and losses.4. Construction personnel training and encourage civil engineering building operators is worker of a gleam of. From the present situation, the construction team of individual technical quality is also very important. Some construction unit, construction personnel activity, the construction of personnel practice degree no true assessment, making the construction quality to sell at a discount greatly.Then, is it right? A start to construction personnel examination, request to high level? At least from the now situation, which is not ideal. First, each building project on the detailed construction technology has different request. In the organization of the construction process, request a certain proportion of with some degree of worker technician, another local can have initial operation skills of construction workers. During the construction process, to guide the construction of a reasonable distribution of work, make the workers work in practice to further mature some basic types of operational procedures and technical requirements, and on this basis, the organization staff to stop training, make the understanding of the new technology, become established during the construction of the backbone. Then let them in the work of a scheme to other construction personnel to impart technical.In this respect, the construction unit according to the detailed status of layout. There has been a reasonable training mechanism, the construction personnel to understand the practical operation level, and improve their technical level of power. In the long run, the overall quality of the progress of the construction unit is also very important.On the other hand, effective encouragement and improve construction worker job enthusiasm and learning enthusiasm of the necessary measures. Frontline workers mostly from rural, energy consumption, the low pay, the mood is stable. Therefore, to establish effective encouraging mechanism. To ensure that the wage Qing month, labor safeguard measures, management of human nature, care workers and Ankang. In addition, to organize the workers involved in the construction management and technology research, fully adjustable open invention enthusiasm of workers. Technology progress leads to an increase in income, so as to promote the stable construction team, the construction quality is very important. It is hard to imagine that a majority of people full of grievances of the construction team can achieve the task.5 construction managementOn the construction quality management, mainly involves three aspects, one is about the design, survey and document review management. On design, reconnaissance unit quality behavior and results of the activities of the supervision, the emphasis is placed on the design, survey and document review supervisory control. If the violation of the relevant laws, regulations and mandatory standards for the design and survey documents, can be through direct economic penalties and legal sanctions, enabling direct responsibility assumed by the error caused by negligence or intentional quality responsibility. Two of the activities of the bidding management, focuses on the construction bidding supervision, market supervision and quality supervision the effective integration, through the quality supervision to promote the market competition and standardization of the benign operation, effectively through market operation, to ensure the validity of quality supervision. Three is the text of the contract supervision, is the focus of construction contract supervision, quality management standardization and legalization to fulfil the terms of the contract, the legal effect of contract binding the construction quality and results. By analyzing the three aspects of examination and supervision, to achieve the governments construction quality of the implementation process control and supervision. Before the construction, in the final analysis is the emphasis of quality management for owners of quality behavior management, because the owner of all these activities of the organizers, decision makers, which is the standard construction owner quality behavior and results of the activities of the important measures.6 construction management6.1 Lraw materials quality controlMaterial quality engineering construction quality is the key, use of raw materials does not meet the requirements of engineering, engineering quality can not meet the requirements. Therefore, in the construction quality control of stop before construction on material quality control, to ensure the quality of materials, in order to improve construction quality. For the control of materials, first of all to the common material supply necessary audit, select qualified suppliers for the supply of materials. Secondly, to approach the necessary inspection of raw materials, including: quality inspection report of the inspection, the inspection of appearance, physical and chemical inspection inspection. Through a series of tests to ensure the quality of the raw materials entering.6.2 procedures and time limit controlTo implement the handover inspection system, on the procedures of unqualified shall enter into next working procedure construction. At the same time construction quality affected by seasons, the reasonable arrangement of construction schedule is to ensure the engineering quality are important measures, and blindly rush period will inevitably lead to serious consequences. Quality control step is to establish quality control, selected key and key technology to undertake the key is checked, the two is to strengthen the operation of the management, project quality is good or bad, depends to some extent on the construction of personnel operation level.6.3 increase on-site inspectionsQuality management in the construction site should strive to grasp first-hand information, and strive to achieve the timely control, for the occurrence of the problem must accomplish early discovery, early correction of bad old practices die hard, avoid, avoid large loss. For example, in the masonry tie bar examination, if taken after the completion of a masonry opening examination, is not easy to check, and to identify the problems are also difficult to remedy, but in the on-site inspection in a timely manner to solve, can avoid bigger loss, but also easy to get the cooperation.The entity quality inspection methods should adopt scientific monitoring instruments and equipment, to provide accurate, reliable and convincing data, strengthen the government engineering quality supervision and inspection of scientific and authoritative. Through the supervision, to ensure the implementation of mandatory standards, ensure the construction of law, regulations and standard carry out, from macroscopical overall grasp the construction project quality and structure safety. In addition, in strengthening program management at the same time, we must strengthen the technical control. Technology control method using standard evaluation method is better. Evaluation of standard methods are mainly as follows: one is the on site quality assurance condition examination and evaluation, two is the completion of the project the detection results of the examination and evaluation, three is on site quality assurance data examination and evaluation, four of engineering entity size deviation of the measured, five is for the completion of engineering the macro visual inspection evaluation.6.4 after the completion of the managementAfter the completion of the quality management of construction projects is put into use check management. First of all to ensure that do not meet the quality standards of the project can not be put into use, avoid inferior project to the state and public users cause direct harm and influence. The second is the decoration, repair and maintenance of quality supervision in construction project whole life quality management category : one is to eliminate or reduce due to renovation, maintenance process caused by irregularities on the construction engineering foundation, body structure and environmental quality, damage, cause quality accident. Two is prevented due to repair, maintenance quality is not up to the requirements to the state and public users production and living environment caused by direct damage. At this stage of the supervision should be emphasized good two close: it is strictly for its completion and acceptance review, supervision, to ensure that the registration of the reliability, authority and effectiveness. Two is to enhance the decoration, maintenance of quality management in the process, so that construction project whole life quality objectives are effective implementation, for users to create a safe, comfortable, healthy production, living environment, so that the construction quality and realizing the sustainable development. Advocating and implementing project quality insurance, the project quality management into economic management category, to solve engineering after the delivery of quality problem tenants to find the responsible party for any menace from the “rear”.This phase is the project by construction to use or production of mark; is on engineering quality inspection the necessary link; is the guarantee contract task is finished in the round, improve project quality level of final checks. The unit after the completion of the project, must undertake the final inspection and test. Unit engineering technical person in charge should be prepared for the demands of information collected materials, equipment, component quality certificate of materials, a variety of material test data, record of concealed work, construction records records. By the technical director of project organization project technology, quality, production and other relevant professional and technical personnel to the scene inspection and evaluation. To identify the construction quality defects should be corrected, and should be corrected once again after the verification to demonstrate conformity. To ensure engineering quality accord with mandatory standard design documents and the requirements of the contract, the employer, the Ministry of supervision of the project completion report. Attended by the construction unit of the organization of the main parties involved in the completion of initial inspection, acceptance procedure.7.ConclusionIt is often said, should be a matter of expediency in construction, quality first, however, the quality problem is emerge in an endless stream. If in the construction process of some links, quality difference, these difference basically from accumulated will change the whole engineering quality. Therefore, do not let every link of the quality monitoring, on the problem of construction promptly corrected, is to use units, design units, as for as to construction unit as, namely to society as. With such a sense of duty, our engineering degree will gradually progress, can form the good work habits. Constitute the benign development of building construction environment. On the other hand, quality management cant think of what to do what, to systematic, procedural, design the whole management process, all the data, project compilation record, best to establish a computer database, stored in the computer. Management of examination conclusions, text, image, and correcting the situation chart problem timely records. This is the construction quality management informatization is the inevitable trend of development. This is my civil engineering construction quality management shortcomings, to be further developed.Reference：1 Building Engineering ( Construction Management ) J. Journal of Taizhou Polytechnic College.2 Wang Yan. Paying attention to construction management two pieces of skins phenomenon J . Management of construction enterprises.3 Lin Yihong, Li Yuanying. To