2017年考研英语真题及答案解析

2017年考研英语真题及答案解析SECTIONIUSEOFENGLISHDIRECTIONSREADTHEFOLLOWINGTEXTCHOOSETHEBESTWORDSFOREACHNUMBEREDBLANKANDMARKA,B,CORDONTHEANSWERSHEET10POINTSPEOPLEHAVESPECULATEDFORCENTURIESABOUTAFUTUREWITHOUTWORKTODAYISNODIFFERENT,WITHACADEMICS,WRITERS,ANDACTIVISTSONCEAGAIN_1_THATTECHNOLOGYBEREPLACINGHUMANWORKERSSOMEIMAGINETHATTHECOMINGWORKFREEWORLDWILLBEDEFINEDBY_2_AFEWWEALTHYPEOPLEWILLOWNALLTHECAPITAL,ANDTHEMASSESWILLSTRUGGLEINANIMPOVERISHEDWASTELANDADIFFERENTANDNOTMUTUALLYEXCLUSIVE_3_HOLDSTHATTHEFUTUREWILLBEAWASTELANDOFADIFFERENTSORT,ONE_4_BYPURPOSELESSNESSWITHOUTJOBSTOGIVETHEIRLIVES_5_,PEOPLEWILLSIMPLYBECOMELAZYANDDEPRESSED_6_,TODAYSUNEMPLOYEDDONTSEEMTOBEHAVINGAGREATTIMEONEGALLUPPOLLFOUNDTHAT20PERCENTOFAMERICANSWHOHAVEBEENUNEMPLOYEDFORATLEASTAYEARREPORTHAVINGDEPRESSION,DOUBLETHERATEFOR_7_AMERICANSALSO,SOMERESEARCHSUGGESTSTHATTHE_8_FORRISINGRATESOFMORTALITY,MENTALHEALTHPROBLEMS,ANDADDICTING_9_POORLYEDUCATEDMIDDLEAGEDPEOPLEISSHORTAGEOFWELLPAIDJOBSPERHAPSTHISISWHYMANY_10_THEAGONIZINGDULLNESSOFAJOBLESSFUTUREBUTITDOESNT_11_FOLLOWFROMFINDINGSLIKETHESETHATAWORLDWITHOUTWORKWOULDBEFILLEDWITHUNEASESUCHVISIONSAREBASEDONTHE_12_OFBEINGUNEMPLOYEDINASOCIETYBUILTONTHECONCEPTOFEMPLOYMENTINTHE_13_OFWORK,ASOCIETYDESIGNEDWITHOTHERENDSINMINDCOULD_14_STRIKINGLYDIFFERENTCIRCUMSTANCEDFORTHEFUTUREOFLABORANDLEISURETODAY,THE_15_OFWORKMAYBEABITOVERBLOWN“MANYJOBSAREBORING,DEGRADING,UNHEALTHY,ANDAWASTEOFHUMANPOTENTIAL,“SAYSJOHNDANAHER,ALECTURERATTHENATIONALUNIVERSITYOFIRELANDINGALWAYTHESEDAYS,BECAUSELEISURETIMEISRELATIVELY_16_FORMOSTWORKERS,PEOPLEUSETHEIRFREETIMETOCOUNTERBALANCETHEINTELLECTUALANDEMOTIONAL_17_OFTHEIRJOBS“WHENICOMEHOMEFROMAHARDDAYSWORK,IOFTENFEEL_18_,“DANAHERSAYS,ADDING,“INAWORLDINWHICHIDONTHAVETOWORK,IMIGHTFEELRATHERDIFFERENT“PERHAPSDIFFERENTENOUGHTOTHROWHIMSELF_19_AHOBBYORAPASSIONPROJECTWITHTHEINTENSITYUSUALLYRESERVEDFOR_20_MATTERS1ABOASTINGBDENYINGCWARNINGDENSURING动词词义辨析。作家学者警示人们技术会代替人类劳动。BOAST吹嘘、自负。DENY否认。ENSURE确保。WARNING警示，警告。因此答案为C选项。2AINEQUALITYBINSTABILITYCUNRELIABILITYDUNCERTAINTY上下文理解。根据后文富人会拥有所有资产，贫困地区也会扎堆，可以看出此处想表达不平等的意思。INEQUALITY不平等，INSTABILITY不稳定性，UNRELIABILITY不可靠性，UNCERTAINTY不确定性。因此答案为A选项。3APOLICYBGUIDELINECRESOLUTIONDPREDICTION词义辨析。POLICY政策，GUIDELINE指导方针，RESOLUTION决心，PREDICTION预测。该句意为另外一种预测认为。因此答案为D选项。4ACHARACTERIZEDBDIVIDEDCBALANCEDDMEASURED动词词义辨析。该句意为未来社会的特点是无目的性。因此答案为A选项5AWISDOMBMEANINGCGLORYDFREEDOM词义辨析，上下文理解。没有了工作富裕生活的意义，人们会变得懒散沮丧。其他几项不符合题意。因此答案为B选项。6AINSTEADBINDEEDCTHUSDNEVERTHELESS考查副词。INDEED实际上，那些失业者生活并不美好。因此答案为B选项。7ARICHBURBANCWORKINGDEDUCATED上下文理解。前面提到失业的美国人在和工作的美国人做对比。因此答案为C选项。8AEXPLANATIONBREQUIREMENTCCOMPENSATIONDSUBSTITUTE词义辨析。死亡率升高，心理健康问题等是因为没有工资待遇较好的工作，这就解释了原因问题。EXPLANATION符合题意，因此答案为A选项。9AUNDERBBEYONDCALONGSIDEDAMONG介词辨析。没有受到良好教育的中年人中间这些问题比较严重。因此答案为D选项。10ALEAVEBEHINDBMAKEUPCWORRYABOUTDSETASIDE固定搭配意思辨析。WORRYABOUT担心，LEAVEBEHIND丢弃，使落后MAKEUP组成，SETASIDE留出，把放在一旁。该句意为这就是为什么人们担心未来无工作的无聊。因此答案为C选项。11ASTATISTICALLYBOCCASIONALLYCNECESSARILYDECONOMICALLY副词词义辨析。NECESSARILY必然地，STATISTICALLY统计地，OCCASIONALLY偶然地，ECONOMICALLY经济上地。该句想表达并不必然的意思。因此答案为C选项。12ACHANCESBDOWNSIDESCBENEFITSDPRINCIPLES理解上下文。前面说没有工作会导致不安，这些观念是来源于在职业概念的社会中失业的消极面。13AABSENCEBHEIGHTCFACEDCOURSE固定搭配。INABSENCEOF缺乏，INHEIGHTOF在高度，INFACEOF面临，INCOURSEOF在中。该句意为如果没有工作，也就是INABSENCEOFJOB因此答案为A选项。14ADISTURBBRESTORECEXCLUDEDYIELD动词词义辨析。没有工作的社会能为人们带来放松。YIELD有获得，带来的意思，DISTURB打扰，妨碍，RESTORE恢复，交还，EXCLUDE排斥。因此答案为D选项。15AMODELBPRACTICECVIRTUEDHARDSHIP词义辨析。根据后面工作的缺点可以推测此处想表达工作的优点被过分夸大了。VIRTUE优点，好处。因此答案为C选项。16ATRICKYBLENGTHYCMYSTERIOUSDSCARCE词义辨析和上下文理解。休闲时间对工作人来说相对较少。因此答案为D选项。17ADEMANDSBSTANDARDSCQUALITIESDTHREATS词义辨析。闲暇时间来平衡人们的智力和情感需求。因此答案为A选项。18AIGNOREDBTIREDCCONFUSEDDSTARVED词义理解。下班回到家感觉到疲惫。STARVED饥饿的。因此答案为B选项。19AOFFBAGAINSTCBEHINDDINTO固定搭配和介词使用。THROWINTO投身于，THROWOFF摆脱，THROWAGAINST扔掉，THROWBEHIND抛开。投身到自己的爱好之中。因此答案为D选项。20ATECHNOLOGICALBPROFESSIONALCEDUCATIONALDINTERPERSONAL词义辨析。一些需要专业技能的项目。因此答案为B选项。SECTIONIIREADINGCOMPREHENSIONPARTADIRECTIONSREADTHEFOLLOWINGFOURTEXTSANSWERTHEQUESTIONSBELOWEACHTEXTBYCHOOSINGA,B,CORDMARKYOURANSWERSONTHEANSWERSHEET40POINTSTEXT1EVERYSATURDAYMORNING,AT9AM,MORETHAN50,000RUNNERSSETOFFTORUN5KMAROUNDTHEIRLOCALPARKTHEPARKRUNPHENOMENONBEGANWITHADOZENFRIENDSANDHASINSPIRED400EVENTSINTHEUKANDMOREABROADEVENTSAREFREE,STAFFEDBYTHOUSANDSOFVOLUNTEERSRUNNERSRANGEFROMFOURYEARSOLDTOGRANDPARENTSTHEIRTIMESRANGEFROMANDREWBADDELEYSWORLDRECORD13MINUTES48SECONDSUPTOANHOURPARKRUNISSUCCEEDINGWHERELONDONSOLYMPIC“LEGACY“ISFAILINGTENYEARSAGOONMONDAY,ITWASANNOUNCEDTHATTHEGAMESOFTHE30THOLYMPIADWOULDBEINLONDONPLANNINGDOCUMENTSPLEDGEDTHATTHEGREATLEGACYOFTHEGAMESWOULDBETOLEVELANATIONOFSPORTLOVERSAWAYFROMTHEIRCOUCHESTHEPOPULATIONWOULDBEFITTER,HEALTHIERANDPRODUCEMOREWINNERSITHASNOTHAPPENEDTHENUMBEROFADULTSDOINGWEEKLYSPORTDIDRISE,BYNEARLY2MILLIONINTHERUNUPTO2012BUTTHEGENERALPOPULATIONWASGROWINGFASTERWORSE,THENUMBERSARENOWFALLINGATANACCELERATINGRATETHEOPPOSITIONCLAIMSPRIMARYSCHOOLPUPILSDOINGATLEASTTWOHOURSOFSPORTAWEEKHAVENEARLYHALVEDOBESITYHASRISENAMONGADULTSANDCHILDRENOFFICIALRETROSPECTIONSCONTINUEASTOWHYLONDON2012FAILEDTO“INSPIREAGENERATION“THESUCCESSOFPARKRUNOFFERSANSWERSPARKUNISNOTARACEBUTATIMETRIALYOURONLYCOMPETITORISTHECLOCKTHEETHOSWELCOMESANYBODYTHEREISASMUCHJOYOVERAPUFFEDOUTFIRSTTIMERBEINGCLAPPEDOVERTHELINEASTHEREISABOUTTOPTALENTSHININGTHEOLYMPICBIDDERS,BYCONTRAST,WANTEDTOGETMOREPEOPLEDOINGSPORTSANDTOPRODUCEMOREELITEATHLETESTHEDUALAIMWASMIXEDUPTHESTRESSONSUCCESSOVERTAKINGPARTWASINTIMIDATINGFORNEWCOMERSINDEED,THEREISSOMETHINGALITTLEABSURDINTHESTATEGETTINGINVOLVEDINTHEPLANNINGOFSUCHAFUNDAMENTALLY“GRASSROOTS“,CONCEPTASCOMMUNITYSPORTSASSOCIATIONSIFTHEREISAROLEFORGOVERNMENT,ITSHOULDREALLYBEGETTINGINVOLVEDINPROVIDINGCOMMONGOODSMAKINGSURETHEREISSPACEFORPLAYINGFIELDSANDTHEMONEYTOPAVETENNISANDNETBALLCOURTS,ANDENCOURAGINGTHEPROVISIONOFALLTHESEACTIVITIESINSCHOOLSBUTSUCCESSIVEGOVERNMENTSHAVEPRESIDEDOVERSELLINGGREENSPACES,SQUEEZINGMONEYFROMLOCALAUTHORITIESANDDECLININGATTENTIONONSPORTINEDUCATIONINSTEADOFWORDY,WORTHYSTRATEGIES,FUTUREGOVERNMENTSNEEDTODOMORETOPROVIDETHECONDITIONSFORSPORTTOTHRIVEORATLEASTNOTMAKETHEMWORSE21ACCORDINGTOPARAGRAPH1,PARKRUNHAS_AGAINEDGREATPOPULARITYBCREATEDMANYJOBSCSTRENGTHENEDCOMMUNITYTIESDBECOMEANOFFICIALFESTIVAL解析AGAINEDGREATPOPULARITY意思是很受欢迎。通过题干可以定位在第一段，可以通过，每天超过五万人跑步、引发了400场运动在英国和在国外等信息得知，公园跑很受欢迎。22THEAUTHORBELIEVESTHATLONDONSOLYMPIC“LEGACY“HASFAILEDTO_ABOOSTPOPULATIONGROWTHBPROMOTESPORTPARTICIPATIONCIMPROVETHECITYSIMAGEDINCREASESPORTHOURSINSCHOOLS解析BPROMOTESPORTPARTICIPATION表示提升运动参与度。通过题干伦敦和奥林匹克遗产可以定位到第二段，题目问的是伦敦奥运会的遗产没有做成什么事，题干中的FAILEDTO可以对应第二段即使看到了FAILING，但并没有答案。再往下看，伦敦奥运会承诺，人口将会更健康、更多冠军，但这并没有发生，NOTHAPPED才真正对应FAILEDTO23PARKRUNISDIFFERENTFROMOLYMPICGAMESINTHATIT_AAIMSATDISCOVERINGTALENTSBFOCUSESONMASSCOMPETITIONCDOESNOTEMPHASIZEELITISMDDOESNOTATTRACTFIRSTTIMERS解析CDOESNOTEMPHASIZEELITISM，公园跑步和奥运会不同在于，它并不强调精英主义。这道题定位在第三段的中间，奥林匹克的倡导者相反，想要更多的参与运动创造更多的精英。24WITHREGARDTOMASSSPORT,THEAUTHORHOLDSTHATGOVERNMENTSSHOULDAORGANIZE“GRASSROOTS“SPORTSEVENTSBSUPERVISELOCALSPORTSASSOCIATIONSCINCREASEFUNDSFORSPORTSCLUBSDINVESTINPUBLICSPORTSFACILITIES解析DINVESTINPUBLICSPORTSFACILITIES，提到大众体育，作者认为政府应该投资公共的体育设施。政府在第四段的中间，讲到政府应该训练的空间、用钱去铺设网球场。这里是答案的同意转换。25THEAUTHORSATTITUDETOWHATUKGOVERNMENTSHAVEDONEFORSPORTSISATOLERANTBCRITICALCUNCERTAINDSYMPATHETIC解析BCRITICAL作者对英国政府对体育的态度是批判的。最后一段BUT转折后说，继任的政府卖绿地、减少本地政府的预算同时减少在体育方面的关注度，所以持批判态度。TEXT2WITHSOMUCHFOCUSONCHILDRENSUSEOFSCREENS,ITSEASYFORPARENTSTOFORGETABOUTTHEIROWNSCREENUSE“TECHISDESIGNEDTOREALLYSUCKONYOUIN,“SAYSJENNYRADESKYINHERSTUDYOFDIGITALPLAY,“ANDDIGITALPRODUCTSARETHERETOPROMOTEMAXIMALENGAGEMENTITMAKESITHARDTODISENGAGE,ANDLEADSTOALOTOFBLEEDOVERINTOTHEFAMILYROUTINE“RADESKYHASSTUDIEDTHEUSEOFMOBILEPHONESANDTABLETSATMEALTIMESBYGIVINGMOTHERCHILDPAIRSAFOODTESTINGEXERCISESHEFOUNDTHATMOTHERSWHOSUEDDEVICESDURINGTHEEXERCISESTARTED20PERCENTFEWERVERBALAND39PERCENTFEWERNONVERBALINTERACTIONSWITHTHEIRCHILDRENDURINGASEPARATEOBSERVATION,SHESAWTHATPHONESBECAMEASOURCEOFTENSIONINTHEFAMILYPARENTSWOULDBELOOKINGATTHEIREMAILSWHILETHECHILDRENWOULDBEMAKINGEXCITEDBIDSFORTHEIRATTENTIONINFANTSAREWIREDTOLOOKATPARENTSFACESTOTRYTOUNDERSTANDTHEIRWORLD,ANDIFTHOSEFACESAREBLANKANDUNRESPONSIVEASTHEYOFTENAREWHENABSORBEDINADEVICEITCANBEEXTREMELYDISCONCERTINGFOETHECHILDRENRADESKYCITESTHE“STILLFACEEXPERIMENT“DEVISEDBYDEVELOPMENTALPSYCHOLOGISTEDTRONICKINTHE1970SINIT,AMOTHERISASKEDTOINTERACTWITHHERCHILDINANORMALWAYBEFOREPUTTINGONABLANKEXPRESSIONANDNOTGIVINGTHEMANYVISUALSOCIALFEEDBACKTHECHILDBECOMESINCREASINGLYDISTRESSEDASSHETRIESTOCAPTUREHERMOTHERSATTENTION“PARENTSDONTHAVETOBEEXQUISITELYPARENTSATALLTIMES,BUTTHERENEEDSTOBEABALANCEANDPARENTSNEEDTOBERESPONSIVEANDSENSITIVETOACHILDSVERBALORNONVERBALEXPRESSIONSOFANEMOTIONALNEED,“SAYSRADESKYONTHEOTHERHAND,TRONICKHIMSELFISCONCERNEDTHATTHEWORRIESABOUTKIDSUSEOFSCREENSAREBORNOUTOFAN“OPPRESSIVEIDEOLOGYTHATDEMANDSTHATPARENTSSHOULDALWAYSBEINTERACTING“WITHTHEIRCHILDREN“ITSBASEDONASOMEWHATFANTASIZED,VERYWHITE,VERYUPPERMIDDLECLASSIDEOLOGYTHATSAYSIFYOUREFAILINGTOEXPOSEYOURCHILDTO30,000WORDSYOUARENEGLECTINGTHEM“TRONICKBELIEVESTHATJUSTBECAUSEACHILDISNTLEARNINGFROMTHESCREENDOESNTMEANTHERESNOVALUETOITPARTICULARLYIFITGIVESPARENTSTIMETOHAVEASHOWER,DOHOUSEWORKORSIMPLYHAVEABREAKFROMTHEIRCHILDPARENTS,HESAYS,CANGETALOTOUTOFUSINGTHEIRDEVICESTOSPEAKTOAFRIENDORGETSOMEWORKOUTOFTHEWAYTHISCANMAKETHEMFEELHAPPIER,WHICHLETSTHENBEMOREAVAILABLETOTHEIRCHILDTHERESTOFTHETIME26ACCORDINGTOJENNYRADESKY,DIGITALPRODUCTSAREDESIGNEDTO_ASIMPLIFYROUTINEMATTERSBABSORBUSERATTENTIONCBETTERINTERPERSONALRELATIONSDINCREASEWORKEFFICIENCY解析BABSORBUSERATTENTION。根据JR，数码产品被设计为了吸引用户的注意。根据JR定位在第一段，他说了一句话科技被设计去SUCKONYOUINSUCK和ABSORB是同意转换词。27RADESKYSFOODTESTINGEXERCISESHOWSTHATMOTHERSUSEOFDEVICES_ATAKESAWAYBABIESAPPETITEBDISTRACTSCHILDRENSATTENTIONCSLOWSDOWNBABIESVERBALDEVELOPMENTDREDUCESMOTHERCHILDCOMMUNICATION解析DREDUCESMOTHERCHILDCOMMUNICATIONR的食品测试展示了妈妈使用设备会降低妈妈和孩子间的交流。是原文第二段FEWERVERBALAND39FEWERNONVERBALINTERACTION的同意转换。28RADESKYSCITESTHE“STILLFACEEXPERIMENT“TOSHOWTHAT_AITISEASYFORCHILDRENTOGETUSEDTOBLANKEXPRESSIONSBVERBALEXPRESSIONSAREUNNECESSARYFOREMOTIONALEXCHANGECCHILDRENAREINSENSITIVETOCHANGESINTHEIRPARENTSMOODDPARENTSNEEDTORESPONDTOCHILDRENSEMOTIONALNEEDS解析DPARENTSNEEDTORESPONDTOCHILDRENSEMOTIONALNEEDS。R引用这句话的意思是父母需要对儿童的情感需求做出反应。是因为第三段第一句说婴儿看到父母的脸去理解这个世界，如果父母没有表情或回应会对孩子产生不好的影响。那么这里就需要父母对儿童的情感需求做出回应。29THEOPPRESSIVEIDEOLOGYMENTIONEDBYTRONICKREQUIRESPARENTSTO_APROTECTKIDSFROMEXPOSURETOWILDFANTASIESBTEACHTHEIRKIDSATLEAST30,000WORDSAYEARCENSURECONSTANTINTERACTIONWITHTHEIRCHILDRENDREMAINCONCERNEDABOUTKIDSUSEOFSCREENS解析CENSURECONSTANTINTERACTIONWITHTHEIRCHILDREN。被T所提到的压抑的理论需要父母去确保一直和他们的孩子继续沟通。通过OPPRESSIVEIDEOLOGY可以定位在第四段的第二句，这里提到这种压抑的理论要求父母应该一直和孩子保持沟通和交流。这里ALWAYS和选项中的CONSTANT是同义转换。30ACCORDINGTOTRONICK,KIDSUSEOFSCREENSMAY_AGIVETHEIRPARENTSSOMEFREETIMEBMAKETHEIRPARENTSMORECREATIVECHELPTHEMWITHTHEIRHOMEWORKDHELPTHEMBECOMEMOREATTENTIVE解析AGIVETHEIRPARENTSSOMEFREETIME。根据T,孩子使用喊叫可能是他们父母一些自由的时间。通过TRONICK和SCREEN我们可以定位在第四段的中后部分，T认为，因为孩子并不是从尖叫中学会什么，也就意味着孩子尖叫并不意味着要吸引别人的重视，相反是尖叫孩子让父母去洗澡、做家务或就是别打扰孩子。这几句话对应选项里的FREETIME，所以做题千万别靠自己的臆测而一定要根据原文。TEXT3TODAY,WIDESPREADSOCIALPRESSURETOIMMEDIATELYGOTOCOLLEGEINCONJUNCTIONWITHINCREASINGLYHIGHEXPECTATIONSINAFASTMOVINGWORLDOFTENCAUSESSTUDENTSTOCOMPLETELYOVERLOOKTHEPOSSIBILITYOFTAKINGAGAPYEARAFTERALL,IFEVERYONEYOUKNOWISGOINGTOCOLLEGEINTHEFALL,ITSEEMSSILLYTOSTAYBACKAYEAR,DOESNTITANDAFTERGOINGTOSCHOOLFOR12YEARS,ITDOESNTFEELNATURALTOSPENDAYEARDOINGSOMETHINGTHATISNTACADEMICBUTWHILETHISMAYBETRUE,ITSNOTAGOODENOUGHREASONTOCONDEMNGAPYEARSTHERESALWAYSACONSTANTFEAROFFALLINGBEHINDEVERYONEELSEONTHESOCIALLYPERPETUATED“RACETOTHEFINISHLINE,“WHETHERTHATBETOWARDGRADUATESCHOOL,MEDICALSCHOOLORLUCRATIVECAREERBUTDESPITECOMMONMISCONCEPTIONS,AGAPYEARDOESNOTHINDERTHESUCCESSOFACADEMICPURSUITSINFACT,ITPROBABLYENHANCESITSTUDIESFROMTHEUNITEDSTATESANDAUSTRALIASHOWTHATSTUDENTSWHOTAKEAGAPYEARAREGENERALLYBETTERPREPAREDFORANDPERFORMBETTERINCOLLEGETHANTHOSEWHODONOTRATHERTHANPULLINGSTUDENTSBACK,AGAPYEARPUSHESTHEMAHEADBYPREPARINGTHEMFORINDEPENDENCE,NEWRESPONSIBILITIESANDENVIRONMENTALCHANGESALLTHINGSTHATFIRSTYEARSTUDENTSOFTENSTRUGGLEWITHTHEMOSTGAPYEAREXPERIENCESCANLESSENTHEBLOWWHENITCOMESTOADJUSTINGTOCOLLEGEANDBEINGTHROWNINTOABRANDNEWENVIRONMENT,MAKINGITEASIERTOFOCUSONACADEMICSANDACTIVITIESRATHERTHANACCLIMATIONBLUNDERSIFYOURENOTCONVINCEDOFTHEINHERENTVALUEINTAKINGAYEAROFFTOEXPLOREINTERESTS,THENCONSIDERITSFINANCIALIMPACTONFUTUREACADEMICCHOICESACCORDINGTOTHENATIONALCENTERFOREDUCATIONSTATISTICS,NEARLY80PERCENTOFCOLLEGESTUDENTSENDUPCHANGINGTHEIRMAJORSATLEASTONCETHISISNTSURPRISING,CONSIDERINGTHEBASICMANDATORYHIGHSCHOOLCURRICULUMLEAVESSTUDENTSWITHAPOORUNDERSTANDINGOFTHEMSELVESLISTINGONEMAJORONTHEIRCOLLEGEAPPLICATIONS,BUTSWITCHINGTOANOTHERAFTERTAKINGCOLLEGECLASSESITSNOTNECESSARILYABADTHING,BUTDEPENDINGONTHESCHOOL,ITCANBECOSTLYTOMAKEUPCREDITSAFTERSWITCHINGTOOLATEINTHEGAMEATBOSTONCOLLEGE,FOREXAMPLE,YOUWOULDHAVETOCOMPLETEANEXTRAYEARWEREYOUTOSWITCHTOTHENURSINGSCHOOLFROMANOTHERDEPARTMENTTAKINGAGAPYEARTOFIGURETHINGSOUTINITIALLYCANHELPPREVENTSTRESSANDSAVEMONEYLATERON31ONEOFTHEREASONSFORHIGHSCHOOLGRADUATESNOTTAKINGAGAPYEARISTHATATHEYTHINKITACADEMICALLYMISLEADINGBTHEYHAVEALOTOFFUNTOEXPECTINCOLLEGECITFEELSSTRANGETODODIFFERENTLYFROMOTHERSDITSEEMSWORTHLESSTOTAKEOFFCAMPUSCOURSES解析CITFEELSSTRANGETODODIFFERENTLYFROMOTHERS。高中毕业生不进行间隔年起其中的一个原因是，这会让他们感觉和其他人不一样。这里找不到明显的定位词，但是HIGHSCHOOLGRADUATES我们还是可以看到第一段的COLLEGE,而文章的STAYBACKAYEAR也就是题目里的GAPYEAR，那么文章里的SILLY，对应选项宗的STRANGE,之所以不间隔年会让人觉得很蠢很奇怪。32STUDIESFROMTHEUSANDAUSTRALIAIMPLYTHATTAKINGAGAPYEARHELPSAKEEPSTUDENTSFROMBEINGUNREALISTICBLOWERRISKSINCHOOSINGCAREERSCEASEFRESHMENSFINANCIALBURDENSDRELIEVEFRESHMENOFPRESSURES解析DRELIEVEFRESHMENOFPRESSURES。来自于美国和澳大利亚的研究表明了进行间隔年会让新生减少压力。通过美国和澳大利亚，我们可以定位到第二段第一句从美国和澳大利亚的研究表明，那些进行间隔年的学生通常能更好地准备和表现得更好比那些没有的同学。ABCD四个选项只有D选项最相关。33THEWORD“ACCLIMATION“LINE8,PARA3ISCLOSESTINMEANINGTOAADAPTATIONBAPPLICATIONCMOTIVATIONDCOMPETITION解析AADAPTATION。这个单词的意思是顺应。这个单词定位在第三段，看单词所在的那一句话间隔年可以缓解冲击，当涉及调整适应大学和被丢到一个新的环境中，让人更容易聚焦在学术和活动的领域，而非_错误。前面都在说间隔年的好处，拿意味着后面也应该说间隔年的好处，把四个词都代入其中顺应错误、申请错误、激励错误和竞争错误，而非顺应错误是最符合原文题意的。34AGAPYEARMAYSAVEMONEYFORSTUDENTSBYHELPINGTHEMAAVOIDACADEMICFAILURESBESTABLISHLONGTERMGOALSCSWITCHTOANOTHERCOLLEGEDDECIDEONTHERIGHTMAJOR解析DDECIDEONTHERIGHTMAJOR。间隔年可能可以通过帮助他们决定选择正确的专业而省钱。通过出题顺序和行文顺序一致的原则，我们往下看，原文中的FINANCIAL和题干中MONEY是同义词。文章说如果你并没有找到你内在的兴趣，用一年的时间去探索你的兴趣，这会对你今后学术的选择产生经济上的影响。经济上的影响就是题干中的省钱，那么探索你的兴趣就是帮组他们选择一个正确的专业。这里要看懂才能作对题。35THEMOSTSUITABLETITLEFORTHISTEXTWOULDBEAINFAVOROFTHEGAPYEARBTHEABCSOFTHEGAPYEARCTHEGAPYEARCOMESBACKDTHEGAPYEARADILEMMA解析AINFAVOROFTHEGAPYEAR。文章最好的标题是倡导间隔年。这种标题题就是看每段的首句第一段说今天社会压力很大，毕业生都忽略间隔年了。第二段说没有足够的理由去批评间隔年，话锋一转。第三段说美国和澳洲的研究说间隔年能让学生更好地准备和更好地表现。第四段说，如果你没找到自己内在的兴趣，用一年的时间去探索，对你未来的学术选择会有经济方面的影响。所以作者是倡导间隔年的，选A。TEXT4THOUGHOFTENVIEWEDASAPROBLEMFORWESTERNSTATES,THEGROWINGFREQUENCYOFWILDFIRESISANATIONALCONCERNBECAUSEOFITSIMPACTONFEDERALTAXDOLLARS,SAYSPROFESSORMAXMORITZ,ASPECIALISTINFIREECOLOGYANDMANAGEMENTIN2015,THEUSFORESTSERVICEFORTHEFIRSTTIMESPENTMORETHANHALFOFITS55BILLIONANNUALBUDGETFIGHTINGFIRESNEARLYDOUBLETHEPERCENTAGEITSPENTONSUCHEFFORTS20YEARSAGOINEFFECT,FEWERFEDERALFUNDSTODAYAREGOINGTOWARDSTHEAGENCYSOTHERWORKSUCHASFORESTCONSERVATION,WATERSHEDANDCULTURALRESOURCESMANAGEMENT,ANDINFRASTRUCTUREUPKEEPTHATAFFECTTHELIVESOFALLAMERICANSANOTHERNATIONWIDECONCERNISWHETHERPUBLICFUNDSFROMOTHERAGENCIESAREGOINGINTOCONSTRUCTIONINFIREPRONEDISTRICTSASMORITZPUTSIT,HOWOFTENAREFEDERALDOLLARSBUILDINGHOMESTHATARELIKELYTOBELOSTTOAWILDFIRE“ITSALREADYAHUGEPROBLEMFROMAPUBLICEXPENDITUREPERSPECTIVEFORTHEWHOLECOUNTRY,”HESAYS”WENEEDTOTAKEAMAGNIFYINGGLASSTOTHATLIKE,“WAITAMINUTE,ISTHISOK”“DOWEWANTINSTEADTOREDIRECTTHOSEFUNDSTOCONCENTRATEONLOWERHAZARDPARTSOFTHELANDSCAPE”SUCHAVIEWWOULDREQUIREACORRESPONDINGSHIFTINTHEWAYUSSOCIETYTODAYVIEWSFIRE,RESEARCHERSSAYFORONETHING,CONVERSATIONSABOUTWILDFIRESNEEDTOBEMOREINCLUSIVEOVERTHEPASTDECADE,THEFOCUSHASBEENONCLIMATECHANGEHOWTHEWARMINGOFTHEEARTHFROMGREENHOUSEGASESISLEADINGTOCONDITIONSTHATWORSENFIRESWHILECLIMATEISAKEYELEMENT,MORITZSAYS,ITSHOULDNTCOMEATTHEEXPENSEOFTHERESTOFTHEEQUATION“THEHUMANSYSTEMSANDTHELANDSCAPESWELIVEONARELINKED,ANDTHEINTERACTIONSGOBOTHWAYS,”HESAYSFAILINGTORECOGNIZETHAT,HENOTES,LEADSTO“ANOVERLYSIMPLIFIEDVIEWOFWHATTHESOLUTIONSMIGHTBEOURPERCEPTIONOFTHEPROBLEMANDOFWHATTHESOLUTIONISBECOMESVERYLIMITED”ATTHESAMETIME,PEOPLECONTINUETOTREATFIREASANEVENTTHATNEEDSTOBEWHOLLYCONTROLLEDANDUNLEASHEDONLYOUTOFNECESSITY,SAYSPROFESSORBALCHATTHEUNIVERSITYOFCOLORADOBUTACKNOWLEDGINGFIRESINEVITABLEPRESENCEINHUMANLIFEISANATTITUDECRUCIALTODEVELOPINGTHELAWS,POLICIES,ANDPRACTICESTHATMAKEITASSAFEASPOSSIBLE,SHESAYS“WEVEDISCONNECTEDOURSELVESFROMLIVINGWITHFIRE,”BALCHSAYS“ITISREALLYIMPORTANTTOUNDERSTANDANDTRYANDTEASEOUTWHATISTHEHUMANCONNECTIONWITHFIRETODAY”36MOREFREQUENTWILDFIRESHAVEBECOMEANATIONALCONCERNBECAUSEIN2015THEYAEXHAUSTEDUNPRECEDENTEDMANAGEMENTEFFORTSBCONSUMEDARECORDHIGHPERCENTAGEOFBUDGETCSEVERELYDAMAGEDTHEECOLOGYOFWESTERNSTATESDCAUSEDAHUGERISEOFINFRASTRUCTUREEXPENDITURE解析BCONSUMEDARECORDHIGHPERCENTAGEOFBUDGET。更多常见的野外火灾成为了国际关心的主题在2015年是因为它花费了大量的预算。根据2015和NATIONALCONCERN可以定位在第一段和第二段，其中第一段重合的关键词更多，NATIONALCONCERNWILDFIRE和BECAUSE，第二段只是更具体说明，所以真正的原因在第一段因为它会影响联邦税收。如果你看不懂，再加上第二段说2015年花了一半多的预算，就和B选项对应了。37MORITZCALLSFORTHEUSEOF“AMAGNIFYINGGLASS”TO_ARAISEMOREFUNDSFORFIREPRONEAREASBAVOIDTHEREDIRECTIONOFFEDERALMONEYCFINDWILDFIREFREEPARTSOFTHELANDSCAPEDGUARANTEESAFERSPENDINGOFPUBLICFUNDS解析DGUARANTEESAFERSPENDINGOFPUBLICFUNDS。M倡导使用放大镜去保证安全地使用公共资金。通过题干中的MAGNIFYINGGLASS可以定位在第四段的中间我们需要使用MAGNIFYINGGLASS去做这个。根据THAT指代上文的原则，我们往上看到第一句话从公共支出的前景看，对于整个国家，这已经是非常大的问题。这里的意思就是支出比较多，而MAGNIFYINGGLASS自然就是控制支出的，选项里的SPENDING和文章中的EXPENDITURE是同义转换的。38WHILEADMITTINGTHATCLIMATEISAKEYELEMENT，MORITZNOTESTHAT_APUBLICDEBATESHAVENOTSETTLEDYETBFIREFIGHTINGCONDITIONSAREIMPROVINGCOTHERFACTORSSHOULDNOTBEOVERLOOKEDDASHIFTINTHEVIEWOFFIREHASTAKENPLACE解析COTHERFACTORSSHOULDNOTBEOVERLOOKED。当承认气候是一个关键因素，M认为其他因素也不能被忽略。通过CLIMATE、M这个人名和出题顺序和行文顺序一致的原则，我们可以定位在第七段当气候是关键因素时，完全对应了题干。M说不能在损坏剩下同等重要的为前提。言外之意就是不能忽略其他因素，这里有个短语ATTHEEXPENSEOF表示“在损害某事物的情况下”39THEOVERLYSIMPLIFIEDVIEWMORITZMENTIONSISARESULTOFFAILINGTO_ADISCOVERTHEFUNDAMENTALMAKEUPOFNATUREBEXPLORETHEMECHANISMOFTHEHUMANSYSTEMSCMAXIMIZETHEROLEOFLANDSCAPEINHUMANLIFED