上海高三冲刺阅读理解训练8-含答案.doc

专业 引领 共成长 高三英语春季假班（教师版）教师日期学生课程编号课型 专题课题阅读理解训练（八）教学目标帮助学生掌握快速阅读技巧，准确定位定位答案；初步掌握选词填空技巧。教学重点如何略读文章，并总结文章大意以及定位细节。教学安排版块时长1词汇复习15分钟2专题训练-阅读理解75分钟3加油站-选词填空25分钟4师生总结5分钟5作业安排60分钟阅读理解训练（八）词汇复习I. 中英互译符合的要求word for/by word因以某物回报某人throw in the towel抢劫某人或某地的某物tea ceremony通读to ones taste尊敬某人treat . alike完全有理由做set about doing收到欢迎cultural shock辍学on the radio某人突然想到remember sb. to .不亚于take to为而努力spring up大规模地for ones own sake理应做on the scene用A 交换Brelieve sb. of .话到嘴边却说不出来make it a rule that/ to do重新考虑后make room for风雨无阻with regard to.鉴于，考虑到rather than感到筋疲力尽give rise to随心所欲remain to be done【Keys】:符合的要求meet the requirements of word for/by word逐字逐句地因以某物回报某人reward sb. with sth. forthrow in the towel认输，头像抢劫某人或某地的某物rob sb./sp. of sth.tea ceremony茶道通读read throughto ones taste合乎某人的口味尊敬某人show/have respect for sb.treat . alike对一视同仁完全有理由做have every reason to do set about doing着手做收到欢迎be well receivedcultural shock文化冲击辍学drop out of/quit schoolon the radio在广播中某人突然想到sth. struck sb.remember sb. to .代某人向问好不亚于be second to nonetake to喜欢上为而努力strive for/to dospring up涌现大规模地on a large scalefor ones own sake为了自己的利益理应做be supposed to doon the scene在现场用A 交换Btrade A for Brelieve sb. of .解除某人的话到嘴边却说不出来on the tip of ones tonguemake it a rule that/ to do规定重新考虑后on second thought(s)make room for为腾出空间风雨无阻in all weatherswith regard to.关于鉴于，考虑到in view ofrather than而不是感到筋疲力尽be worn outgive rise to引起，使发生随心所欲at willremain to be done有待于被做专题复习(A)Even plants can run a fever, especially when theyre under attack by insects or disease. But unlike humans, plants can have their temperature taken from 3,000 feet away straight up. A few decades ago, adapting the infrared (红外线) scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers precisely target pesticide (杀虫剂) spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which definitely includes plants that dont have pest (害虫) problems.Even better, Paleys Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet at night, an infrared scanner measured the heat sent out by crops. The data were transformed into a colour-coded map showing where plants were running fevers. Farmers could then spot-spray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would.The bad news is that Paleys company closed down after only three years. Farmers resisted the new technology and long-term backers were hard to find. But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and improvements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to get back into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States, says George Orther of Texas A&M. Ray Jackson, who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture, thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade. But only if Paley finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago.1. Plants will give out an increased amount of heat when they are.A. sprayed with pesticidesB. facing an infrared scannerC. in poor physical conditionD. exposed to extreme sun rays2. In order to apply pesticide spraying precisely, we can use infrared scanning to.A. estimate the damage to the cropsB. draw a colour-coded mapC. measure the size of the affected areaD. locate the problem area3. Farmers can save a considerable amount of pesticide by.A. turning to spot-sprayingB. consulting infrared scanning expertsC. transforming poisoned rainD. detecting crop problems at an early date4. Infrared scanning technology may be brought back into operation because of.A. the desire of farmers to improve the quality of their produceB. growing concern about the overuse of pesticides on cropsC. the forceful promotion by the Department of AgricultureD. full support from agricultural experts(B)An expert suggested that certain criminals should be sent to prison in their own home. When the scheme was first put forward publicly, many people opposed it or had serious reservations about it. One very experienced social worker opposed the scheme in a television interview. When asked to explain the basis for his opposition, he thought for a moment and finally confessed, Well, I guess, because its new. Thats my only reason. Advocates of the scheme pointed out that courts frequently sentenced first offenders to community service of some kind rather than send them to prison. The stigma (烙印) of having a criminal record was an adequate deterrent (威慑) , and nothing positive was achieved by sending some types of convicted people to prison.Some critics rushed to take extreme cases. If a murderer is allowed free in the community like this, what is to prevent him from killing somebody else? This argument ignored the fact that nobody proposed to allow convicted murderers to use the bracelet system. One criticism put forward was that an offender could take off his bracelet and leave it at home or give it to a friend to wear while he himself went off to commit another crime. The reply to this was that the bracelet would be made so that the computer would immediately detect any attempts to take it off.A more serious objection to the scheme was that the different life of prison was intended to be part of the deterrent to crime. A prisoner who was allowed to live at home would suffer no particular discomfort and thus not be deterred from repeating his crime.No immediate action was taken on the proposal. It was far too revolutionary and needed to be examined very carefully. However, the idea was not rejected. Several governments appointed experts to investigate the scheme and make recommendations for or against it. 1. Peoples opinions are divided on the suggestion that_.A. some criminals should serve their terms at homeB. social workers can express themselves on TVC. first offenders should be sentenced to community serviceD. old offenders should be imprisoned 2. A social worker opposed the proposal for the reason thatA. it is uniqueB. it is creativeC- it is newD. it is out-of-date 3. We can learn from the passage that the bracelet is supposed to_. A. keep the track of the offendersB. detect the offenders attempt of murderC. be worn for decorationD. be worn by offenders friends occasionally 4. The supporters of the scheme will probably agree that_. A. the hard life of prison may prevent some people from repeating a crimeB. the life at home is too comfortable for the prisonersC. high-technology should be a deterrent to crimeD. imprisonment will not achieve much to some offenders(C)Shopping or the gym? If retail therapy comes top every time, then you might be the ideal candidate for mall-walking. Its a fitness trend from the US that now seems to be catching on here. Losing pounds from your thighs, not your pocket, is the idea behind mallercise. It involves power-walking around shopping centres and marching up stairs and escalators while simultaneously doing a spot of window-shopping. So popular have such sessions become in the US and Canada that manufacturers now market special mall-walker shoes to give extra traction（牵引）for smoother, slicker mall floors. Fans say the advantages of mall-walking include the fact that shopping malls are traffic free, weather resistant and safe. It can also get you reasonably fit. A 30-minute speed walk incorporating some stair climbing and lunges can burn around 200 calories. One of the first mall-walking schemes in the UK was at the White Rose shopping centre in Leeds where groups have been meeting every weekday morning since 2003. At the University of Calgary in Canada, physiologists looked at the effects of an eight-week mall-walking programme on health and wellbeing. After two months, results showed that the subjects were walking further and weighed less than when they started. Perhaps more significantly, they displayed high self-motivation, with 63% of subjects mall-walking three or more days a week. In the Calgary study, the average age of those taking part was 66, which led the researchers to suggest that it is the perfect activity for older people looking for a safe, flat place to improve their functional mobility, fitness and improve their sense of independence.Another Canadian study revealed that shopping malls are the second most popular walking site for people aged 45 and older, with more women likely to choose them as an exercise destination than men. Experts say frequent activity that can be easily incorporated into your lifestyle is most helpful in the battle of the bulge. For exercise to be successful in terms of weight loss and improvements in health, it needs to be done regularly, says Dr Beckie Lang of the Association for the Study of Obesity（肥胖）. It actually doesnt matter where you walk as long you do it, and for many people this may be more accessible than a class at a gym.1. Which of the following does NOT relate to mallercise ?A. Saving money.B. Gym going.C. Losing weight.D. Window-shopping.2. According to the Calgary study,_.A. more women choose mall-walking as a way of exerciseB. mall-walking does more good to people in their 60sC. shopping malls are the most popular walking site for the elderlyD. mall-walking benefits old people both physically and mentally3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. The way people do mall-walking.B. The reason why people do mall-walking.C. The benefits of mall-walking.D. The problems with mall-walking.4. The passage is written to.A. distinguish between mallercise and gym classB. explore the history and development of mall-walkingC. introduce a new trend of exercising mall-walkingD. suggest ways for old people to stay physically young(D)Many animals recognize their food because they see it. So do humans. When you see an apple or a piece of chocolate you know that these are things you can eat. You can also use other senses when you choose your food. You may like it because it smells good or because it tastes good. You may dislike some types of food because they do not look, smell or taste very nice. Different animals use different senses to find and choose their food. A few animals depend on only one of their senses, while most animals use more than one sense.Although there are many different types of food, some animals spend their lives eating only one type. The giant panda eats only one particular type of bamboo. Other animals eat only one type of food even when given the choice. A kind of white butterfly will stay on the leaves of a cabbage, even though there are plenty of other vegetables in the garden. However, most animals have a more varied diet. The bear eats fruits and fish. The fox eats small animals, birds and fruits. The diet of these animals will be different depending on the season.Humans have a very varied diet. We often eat food because we like it and not because it is good for us. In countries such as France and Britain, people eat foods with too much sugar. This makes them overweight, which is bad for their health. Eating too much red meat and animal products, such as butter, can also be bad for the health. Choosing the right food, therefore, has become an area of study in modern life.1. How do human beings choose the food they eat?_.2. The giant panda is mentioned in the text as an example of animals that _.3. When do certain animals change their choice of food?_.4. In the last paragraph, the writer seems to suggest that a health diet should include _.（E）For years the government has been talking about eliminating hand-pulled rickshaws on what it calls humanitarian groundsprincipally on the ground that, as the mayor of Kolkata has often said, it is offensive to see “one man sweating and straining to pull another man.” But these days politicians also complain about the _1_ of 6,000 hand-pulled rickshaws on a modern citys traffic and, particularly, on its image. “Westerners try to _2_ beggars and these rickshaws with the Calcutta landscape, but this is not what Calcutta stands for. Our city stands for prosperity and development.”said the mayor. Then he_3_to announce that hand-pulled rickshaws soon would be banned from the streets of Kolkata.Rickshaws are not there to pull around tourists. Its the people in the lanes who most _4_ use rickshaws. They are people who tend to travel short distances, through lanes that are sometimes _5_ to even the most daring taxi driver. An older woman with marketing to do, for instance, can arrive in a rickshaw, have the rickshaw puller_6_ until she comes back from various stalls to _7_her purchases, and then be taken home. Corner store owners send rickshaws to collect their supplies. Middle-class families make a(n) _8_ with a puller to take a child to school and pick him up.From June to September Kolkata can get torrential rains, which often cause flooding. During a flood, entire neighborhoods couldnt be reached by motorized _9_, and the newspapers showed pictures of rickshaws being pulled through water that was up to the pullers waists. A writer told me, “When it rains, even the governor _10_ rickshaws.”WhenIaskedonerickshawpullerifhethoughtthegovernmentsplanto_11_thecityofrickshawswasbasedonagenuineinterestinhiswelfare,hesmiled,withaquick_12_ofhisheadagestureIinterpretedtomean,Ifyouaresonaiveastoasksuchaquestion,Iwillanswerit,butitisnotworth_13_wordson.There are people in Kolkata, particularly educated and politically aware people ,who are not _14_ about banning rickshaws. “I refuse to be carried by another human being myself,” one of them said, “but I question whether we have the right to _15_ their means of earning a living.”1. A. shadowB. emphasisC. impactD. burden2. A. replaceB. associateC. shareD. mix3. A. went onB. went upC. went overD. went about4. A. ignorantlyB. sociablyC.illegallyD. regularly5. A. inaccessibleB. openC. familiarD. available6. A. leaveB. waitC. followD. hurry7. A. checkB. countC. makeD. load8. A. contractB. agreementC. appointmentD. bargain9. A. enginesB. devicesC. containersD. vehicles10. A. takesB. pullsC. possessesD. supports11. A. removeB.ridC. warnD. remind12. A.nodB. turnC. shakeD. wave13. A writingB. wastingC. speakingD. making14. A. enthusiasticB. particularC. curiousD. angry15. A. take onB. take upC. take outD. take away【Keys】: (A) CDAB (B)ACAD (C) BDDC(D) 1. Human beings choose food by using different senses.2. eat only one type of food all their lives.3. When the season changes.4. food with little sugar, little red meat or animal products.(E) CBABA BDADA BCBAD加油站A. conclusive B. contributes C. derive D. expresses E. fix F. immediately G. increase H. maintain I. mission J. participate K. particular L. provides M. regions N. surprisingly O. switched 【Keys】:1-5 NHGAB 6-10 JEOML师生总结本节课学习了快速阅读技巧，以及完型填空和选词填空的解题要领。课后作业Homework 1. 复习讲义； 2. 背诵相关的词汇和句型，准备下节课默写； 3. 完成家庭作业。III. ClozeDirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.During Washingtons presidency, many important things happened. The first national census （人口普查） was _50_. The _51_ number of U. S. citizens was then 3 ,929 ,214. _52_, the Bill of Rights became law on December 15, 1791. These ten laws make sure that Americans will have basic freedoms, _53_ freedom of speech and freedom of religion.Washington helped to _54_ the beginning of the United States in three important ways. First, he commanded the Continental Army that won _55_ from Great Britain in the Revolutionary War. Second, he _56_ as president of the convention (代表大会) that wrote the United States Constitution. Third, he was the first man _57_ president of the United StatesNo other American has been honored _58_ than Washington. The nations _59_, Washington, D. C. , was named for him. The State of Washington is the only state that was _60_ for a president. Many counties, towns, cities, streets, bridges, lakes, parks, and schools have his name today. Washingtons _61_ appears on postage stamps, on the one-dollar bill, and on the quarter. His birthday is also a _62_ holiday.The people of his day loved Washington