高中英语语法定语从句总结.doc

定语从句总结先行词为人时：关系代词从句中缺主语时，who；that；不能省略从句缺宾语，who; that ;whom，可省略；（介词后只能跟whom）从句缺定语 指代s ，whose先行词为物时：关系代词从句缺主语时， which；that；不能省略从句缺宾语时，which；that；可省略；（介词后只能跟which）从句缺定语 指代s，whose先行词为时间：从句缺时间状语时，关系副词 when(也可prep+which)从句缺主语宾语时，which；that先行词为地点：从句缺地点状语时，关系副词 where(也可prep+which)从句缺主语宾语时，which； that先行词为reason：从句缺原因状语时，why / for which从句缺主语宾语时，which；that非限制性定语从句 (带,的定语从句 )1. As we know, smoking is harmful to ones health.2. Itrainedhardyesterday, which preventedmefromgoingtothepark(which 指代前面这个事)3. He keeps a diary, which everybody knows.(which 指代know的宾语)(1) as 引导的定语从句可置于句首,which不可。(2)as常带有“正如”的意思As we know , smoking is harmful to ones health.As is known , smoking is harmful to ones health.It is known that smoking is harmful. (主语从句)(3)the same as；suchas 中的as 是固定结构,I have got into the same trouble as he (has).特别说明：1常考名词的定语从句：case，point，stage，situation；定语从句中主语宾语齐全用where；定语从句中缺主语宾语用which或that2 way做先行词，定语从句中的关系词用that; in which;不填3 用逗号隔开，起补充说明作用的非限制限制性定语从句，无论先行词是什么，都不用that4 众所周知：As is known(to all)，It is known (to all)that5 正如As was reported, (It was reported that)As was announced,As was expected,As we planned,As can be seen,只能用that, 不能用which引导定语从句的情况a)不定代词，如：anything,nothing, everything, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时Finally, the thief handed everythingthat he had stolen to the police.b) the only, the very, the just修饰先行词时He is the very man that helped thegirl out of the water.c)先行词为序数词(the first, the last)数词、形容词最高级时The first English book that heHad read was Gone with the windd)先行词既有人，又有物时He talked about the teache