非谓语动词---动名词

非谓语动词 动名词 动名词的构成 1 动名词作主语 a 可用it作主语 将 ing放后 Readingbydimlightwilldoharmtoyoureyes Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk ItisapleasuredoingbusinesswithHarry Itisfun niceworkingwithyou It sawasteoftimewanderingthroughhighschool b 在 Thereisnodoing 结构中用 ing形式作主语 表示 没法 There snotelling knowingthat clauseTherewasnotellingwhetheritwouldrainagain Thereisnopoint sense in doingsth 做某事没有作用或没有意义Thereis no hope chance possibilityofdoing Thereis no difficulty trouble delay in doing Isthereanychanceofus ourwinningthematch Thereisnopoint sense in discussingtheproblemagain c 动名词做主语往往表示经常性 习惯性的动作It srathertiringwalkingaroundinacity 2 动名词作表语 其用法等同不定式 起形容词作用 讲述主语的特征 内容和含义 Oneofmybadhabitsiseatingtoomanysweets Myjobisteachingyouhowtolearn Herrefusaltoattendthepartywasdisappointing 3 动名词作宾语 a 只接 ing形式 不接不定式的动词有admit avoid consider delay dislike escape enjoy miss excuse fancy finish imagine include keep on mind practise resist risk stop suggest advise appreciate permit等 如 Itisnothardtostopsmoking Doyoumindansweringthequestion b 既可接不定式又可接 ing形式作宾语的词有 like love hate prefer propose begin start continue等 一般情况下 不定式表示具体的动作而动名词表示习惯性的动作 Ipreferwaiting towait here c 下列动词forget remember regret try mean can thelp goon stop beusedto 可用不定式又可用 ing形式 但意义完全不同 remembertodo记住要去做rememberdoing记得已做了forgettodo忘记要去做forgetdoing忘记已做了regrettodo抱歉要去做regretdoing后悔已做了trytodo尽力去做 trydoing试着做meantodo打算去做 meandoing意味着 就是stoptodo停下来去做别的事 stopdoing停止做goontodo继续 去做另外一件事情 goondoing继续 原先没有做完的事情 beusedtodoing习惯于做某事beusedtodo被用来做某事can thelpdoing禁不住做某事can thelptodo不能帮助做某事d 表示 值得 需要 的动词deserve beworth want need require后接 ing形式时 有被动意义 其意义相当于不定式的被动结构 Thesedesksneedrepairing Thesedesksneedtoberepaired Thepatientrequiredexamining Thepatientrequiredtobeexamined e 下列词组接动名词 leavefor putoff giveup lookforwardto feellike devote to contribute to havetrouble difficulty in doingsth getusedto payattentiontobefondof等f 介词后要接动名词 whatabout howabout without befondof begoodat等 注意on upondoingsth assoonas when 引导的句子 e 在allow advise forbid permit后直接跟动名词作宾语 如果有名词或代词作宾语 则构成 allow advise forbid permit 名词 代词 不定式 宾语补足语 之形式 如 Wedon tallowsmokinghere Wedon tallowanybodytosmokehere 4 动名词做定语 aswimmingpool awalkingstick 可于名词之前构成合成词 大多表示该名词的用途或目的 Theyoungcookstoodatthestoveholdingafryingpaninhishand 动名词用法口诀 避免错过弃延期 建议完成值练习 乐想冒险禁不住 抵抗否忍厌宽恕 反逃避 注坚持 盼着手 成 承良习 突费劲 哭笑都无益 需忙碌 奉献皆感激 avoid miss giveup delay postpone putoff suggest advise finish deserve beworth practise practice fancy enjoy imagine feellike consider risk can thelp resist deny bear stand endure hate dislike pardon forgive objectto escape payattentionto keep on insiston stickto lookforwardto getdownto setabout takeup succeedin besuccessfulin admit to get beused accustomedto burstout havedifficulty trouble in It s Thereisnouse good Thereisno want require need bebusy engaged in devote to contribute to include appreciate 5 动名词的复合结构1 动名词带上自己的逻辑主语 这便构成了动名词的复合结构 2 其逻辑主语一般由物主代词 名词所有格 人称代词的宾格和名词的通格来充当 在口语中 物主代词和名词所有格可分别由人称代词的宾格和名词的通格代替 eg Doyoumindmy meopeningthedoor Ican timagineMary s Marymarryingsuchayoungman 3 在下列情况下二者不能相互替代 1 当动名词的复合结构作主语时 其逻辑主 语只用所有格或物主代词表示 Hisbeinglatemadetheteacherangry 正确 Himbeinglatemadetheteacherangry 错误 2 如动名词的逻辑主语表示的是无生命的东西 或是虽表有生命的东西但表示的是泛指意义 或是两个以上表示有生命意义的名词并列 这时必须用人称代词的宾格或名词的通格作该动名词的逻辑主语 Theboywasfrightenedbythedoor notthedoor s shutting WewerealittleworriedaboutSam sjealousyandhowhewouldhandlehisterritorybeinginvaded Isthereanyhopeofourteamwinningthematch Haveyouheardofwomenplayingwithfire ThefatherinsistedonJohnandMarywalkingtoschool 3 当逻辑主语是this that somebody someone nobody none anybodyanyone时用其通格形式 HedisapprovedofthatbeingsaidaboutJohn Theteacherdislikesanyonebeinglate Heinsistedonthisbeingtrue 应试技巧 1 重视句子分析 摆脱思维定势1 Doesthewayyouthoughtof ridofbadmoodmakeanysense get 2 Themomentwe vebeenlookingforwardto draw neartowardsus 2 若用动名词 要关注其主动 被动和时态形式 以及动名词的否定 加逻辑主语等问题 toget draws 1 WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset hernewbicycle A AsshelostB LostC LosingD Becauseoflosing2 Shelooksforwardeveryspringto theflower linedgarden A visitB payingavisitC walkinD walkingin 考例 1 Ittooktheworkmenonlytwohourstofinish mycar A repairingB repairC torepairD repaired Excersice 2 Haveyouforgotten 1000frommelastmonth Willyoupleaseremember ittomorrow A borrowing tobringB toborrow bringC borrowed bringingD borrowing bringing 3 Theclassroomwants A cleanB cleanedC tocleanD cleaning4 Jacksaidthathewouldn tmind forus A towaitB waitC waitingD waited 5 Mybrotherkeeps mewithmywork A tohelpB helpC helpingD helped6 Weshouldoftenpractise Englishwitheachother A tospeakB spokeC speakD speaking 7 Keepon andyouwillsucceed A atryB tryC triingD trying8 Hisparentsinsiston tocollege A heshouldgoB hegoC hisgoingD himtogo 9 Thestorywassofunnythatwe A couldn thelplaughB can tbutlaughC couldn thelplaughingD couldn thelpbuttolaugh 10 Thoughitsoundsabittoodear 昂贵 itisworth A beingboughtB buyingC tobuyD buyingit11 Hedevotedhislifeto theatomictheory A studyB bestudiedC studyingD havestudied 12 Wearebothlookingforwardto nextweek A goingonvocation 休假 B goonvocationC begoingonvocationD havegoneonvocation 13 Youmustpayattentionto theworksofLuXun A readB readingC readerD beread14 Youshouldworktonightinsteadof TV A towatchB youwatchingC youwatchD watching 15 Themicroscopeisusedfor minute 微小的 objects A examiningB beingexaminedC examinedD examine16 Mikehasgotused uplateatnight stayup A tositB XC tosittingD sitting 17 Oncetheheartstops deathfollowsatonce A beatingB tobeatC beingbeatenD tobebeating18 Wearenowbusy fortheexamination A toprepareB preparingC preparedD beingprepared 19 Iremembered thispersonsomewherebefore A seeingB havingbeenseenC seenD tosee20 Iregret thattoher A havingsaidB tohavesaidC tosayD X 21 Thepatientmustbeseparatedtoavoid 避免 others A beinginfe