2013年高三英语被动语态复习

WhatisthePassiveVoice Onlineshopping welcome bymostpeopleduetovariousreasons iswelcomed 英语动词有两种语态 主动语态 theActiveVoice 被动语态 thePassiveVoice A 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者 B 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者 Weplantedthetree Thetreewasplantedbyus 1 当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者 或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时 2 当我们需要强调动作承受者而不是动作的执行者 这本词典被保存完好 不需要说明是谁保存的 这些书是在二十世纪二十年代发现的 强调书被发现而不是强调由谁发现 Thedictionaryiswellkept Thesebookwerefoundinthe1920s theStructureis be 及物动词的过去分词 be V P P Wewatchedafilmlastnight Idrinkmilkeveryday Afilm Milk Summary一般现在时am is are done一般过去时was were done p p Present pastsimple 一般现在 过去时 waswatchedbyuslastnight isdrunkbymeeveryday will wouldbedone新电脑下周将投入使用 Thenewcomputers nextweek 那位老教授告诉我们他将被邀请开一个讲座 Theoleprofessortoldusthathe invite togivealecture Present pastfuture 一般将来时 过去将来时 willbeused wouldbeinvited am is arebeingdonewas werebeingdone中国国家大剧院当时正在建设当中 TheNationalOperaBuilding atthattime 他的自行车正在被修理 Hisbike Present pastprogressive 现在进行时 过去进行时 wasbeingbuilt isbeingmended has havebeendonehadbeendone这个问题已经得到了圆满的解决 Theproblemhasbeenwellsolved 昨天晚上我到超市的时候 牛奶已经卖完了 ThemilkhadbeensoldoutwhenIgottothesupermarketlastnight 现在完成时 过去完成时 一般现在时 be am are is done 过去分词 一般过去时 be was were done一般将来时 willbe done过去将来时 wouldbe done现在进行时 be am are is being done 过去进行时 be was were being done现在完成时 have has been done过去完成时 had been done情态动词的被动语态can may should mustbedone 1 Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings Knives forcuttingthings 2 Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth Thewindowsoftheirclassroom twiceamonth areused are cleaned 3 Ifoundtheticketonthefloor onthefloor 4 Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime She toreturnthebookintime Theticketwasfound wastold 5 Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday He onlytwomealsaday 6 Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem Nowcomputers tohelpthem wasmadetohave canbe used 7 Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear atthistimelasttime 8 Mustwefinishourworktoday ourwork today Weremanytreesplanted Mustbefinished 9 Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps 1 somewonderfulstamps 2 Somewonderfulstamps Weweregiven were giventous 10 Hecanmendthebikeintwodays Thebike intwodays 11 Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday Thismedicine threetimesaday canbemended mustbe taken 四 几种值得注意的被动语态变化 makesb dosth sb bemadetodosth MrGreenmadeJimdohishomeworkathome JimwasmadetodohishomeworkbyMrGreenathome watchletmakehearseenotice 一些特殊结构的被动结构 感觉动词 hear see等 使役动词 let make等 改被动语态时要加上 to 如 Isawhimfalloffthetree Hewasseentofalloffthetree 1 IusuallyhearhersingEnglishsongsinthemorning Sheinthemorning isusuallyheardtosingEnglishsongs 2 Shemakesherhorseworkallday Herhorseallday 3 Myfatherallowedmetogooutforapicnic Ioutforapicnic ismadetowork wasallowedtogo 2 seesb doingsth sb beseendoingsth Isawhimplayingfootballatthatmoment Hewasseenplayingfootballatthatmoment hear watch keep 三 带有双宾语的主动语态变被动语态时 直接或间接宾语都可做主语 注意间接宾语前加to或for Mymotherboughtmeanewbike Iwasboughtanewbikebymymother Jack Anewbikewasboughtformebymymother JackhasgivenTomabook AbookhasbeengiventoTomby TomhasbeengivenabookbyJack 变为被动语态 Wegavehimsomebooks He Somebooks wasgivensomebooks byus weregiventohim byus 3 注意 约翰打开了收音机 Johnturnedontheradio Theradiowasturnedon 奶奶照看我姐姐 Grandmatakescareofmysister MysisteristakencareofbyGrandma 注 动词短语变被动语态时 千万不要遗漏介词或副词 Wemustspeaktooldpeoplepolitely Oldpeoplemustbespokentopolitely 动词短语的被动语态 takecareof betakencareof cutdown becutdown laughat belaughedat lookafter belookedafter 1 不及物动词没有被动语态 如 belong happen takeplace last cometrue remain succeed fall die arrive breakout appear last start等 Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthiscity Thatbikedoesn tbelongtoMike 不用被动语态的几种情况 不用被动语态的几种情况 2 表示静态的及物动词不用被动语态 have fit IhaveaTVset Thecoatfitsmewell 3 祈使句一般没有被动语态 正 Lookattheblackboard please 误 Theblackboardislookedatbyyou 不用被动语态的几种情况 4 系动词没有被动语态和进行时态 这鱼味道很好 这条围巾摸上去很软 Thefishtastesgood Thescarffeelssoft 4 某些动词表主语的性质时是不及物动词 不用被动语态 这书很好卖 这种布很好洗 Thebooksellswell Thiskindofclothwashesverywell 这书卖完了 Thebookissoldout 这块表需要修理一下 Thewatchneedsmending Thewatchneedstobemended want require needdoing want require needtoberequired 1 Aneighbourhelpedtokeepourdog Itwhilewewereonholiday A wastakencareB tookcareofC istakencareofD wastakencareof2 AttheendofthemeetingMissGreentwominutestodecidewhethersheshouldjointheprojectornot 2004 A gaveB hadgivenC wasgivenD wasgiving D c 3 Mr Johnson sstorybyeveryonewhoheardit 2003 A laughedatB waslaughedC laughedD waslaughedat D 二 请把下面句子改为被动语态 1 TheyshowedJackcarefullyhowtouseit Jackcarefullyhowtouseit 2 Theywillholdthe31thOlympicGamesinBrazilin2016 The31thOlympicGamesin2016 wasshowed willbeheldinBrazil 3 Theyhavesenthertothehospitalalready 4 Theysawtheboyplayingbasketballat3 00yesterday Theboy at3 00yesterday Shehasbeensenttothehospitalalready wasseenplayingbasketball Thebridge inthreeweeks finish Youcangooutifyourhomework do willbefinished isdone Thisisoneofthethingsthat see thatday wereseen WhenwasPRC found wasseen Thisisthonlyoneofthethingsthat see thatday founded Youshouldgetyourshoes wash washed 练习 将下列主动语态改为被动语态句子 Thecomputerclubheldawritingcompetition 竞赛 Thefastestplayerfinishedthegameineighthours Awritingcompetitionwasheldbythecomputerclub Thegamewasfinishedbythefastestplayerineighthours Wetookmanyphotos Theyusethisroomforplayingtabletennis Thebankbuiltaparkforthem Manyphotosweretakenbyus Thisroomisusedforplayingtabletennisbythem Aparkwasbuiltforthembythebank 1 Ourschool in2002 开办 2 Theyoungtreesmust well 照顾 3 thisbuilding 建成 lastyear 4 Thebook 写 byhimlastyear 5 Thebridge 不建造 in1989 6 The29thOlympicGameswill 举行 inBeijingin2008 wasopened belookedafter Was built waswritten wasn tbuilt beheld 用所给动词的正确形式填空 1 Thebike fix upbyXiaoMingyesterday 2 Sunglasses use forprotectingpeople seyes 3 Apicture put upontheblackboard 4 French speak inFrance 5 Teenagersshould allow tochoosetheirownclothes wasfixed areused isput isspoken beallowed 练习一请把下列的主动句变为被动句 注意时态的一致 1Hewroteanarticlelastweek Anarticlewaswrittenbyhimlastweek 2Thepeoplemakehistory Historyismadebypeople 3DopeopleuseChineseonlyinChina IsChineseusedbypeopleonlyinChina 4Theydidn tvisitthecitytwoyearsago Thecitywasn tvisitedbythemtwoyearsago 5Wheredidyoumakethem Whereweretheymadebyyou 一用适当的形式填空1Historyis bythepeople make 2Heisoften todotheworkbytheteacher ask 3Thebook byhimlastyear write 4Theradio lastweek mend 5Sometrees onthehillthisspring plant 6Anewsubway build nextyear 7She take tothehospitalalready 8Thousandsofsatellites send upintothespacesofar