动词不定式的被动语态.ppt

Unit2Robots Grammar 动词不定式的被动语态 一 复习各种时态的被动语态 被动语态的基本结构 be done 以thebook publish为例 一般现在 过去时 Thebook 一般 过去将来时 Thebook Thebook 现在 过去进行时 Thebook 现在 过去完成时 Thebook 情态动词 Thebook is waspublished will wouldbepublished is wasgoingtobepublished is wasbeingpublished has hadbeenpublished can could may might bepublished 二 动词不定式的被动语态1 动词不定式的被动语态有两种形式 1 一般式 not never tobedone2 完成式 not never tohavebeendone 表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前 2 动词不定式的被动语态在句子中的作用1 做主语 常用it做形式主语 Tobeofferedsympathybyarobotisridiculous 被邀请参加这个亚运会开幕式 是一大荣幸 2 做表语ThepartyistobeheldnextSaturdayevening 明年 这种新药将在500个过度肥胖的人上进行试验 Itisridiculoustobeofferedsympathyby ItisagreathonortobeinvitedtoattendtheopeningceremonyofAsianGames Thenewdrugistobetestedoutonthe500overweightpeoplenextyear 3 做宾语Shedidn tliketobetreatedasachild Hepretendedtohavebeenbeatenbyhisstep father 这位职员不希望被她的顾客嘲笑 Theclerkwouldn tliketobelaughedatbyhercustomers 4 做宾语补足语Tonyexpectedthehousetobecompletelytransformed 这个残疾的孩子希望由这个主建筑师来设计这座电影院 Thedisabledchildexpectedthecinematobedesignedbythechiefarchitect 5 做定语Whatavictorytobeenviedbythosewomen 英国人对即将在伦敦举行的奥运会感到骄傲 TheEnglishareproudoftheOlympicGamestobeheldinLondon 6 做状语AllthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediatelysoastobereceivedintimeforChristmas 他匆忙赶到订票处 bookingoffice 却被告知所有的票都卖完了 Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonlytobetoldthatalltheticketshadbeensoldout 3 在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思 1 不定式作后置定语 与被修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系 但又与该句主语 或另一名词 代词 构成逻辑上的主谓关系时 Hehasnothingtoeat 分析 eat动 nothing宾 he主 eat谓Iwillgiveyouabooktoread 分析 动 宾 主 谓这个优雅的女人有事情要宣布 read abook you read Theelegantladyhadsomethingtodeclare 比较 Ihavealotofletterstotype 我有很多信件要打印 Iwilltypetheletter Ihavealotofletterstobetyped 意思为 Igetsb totypetheletter 1 I llgotoNewYork Haveyouanything take toyourwifethere 2 Haveyouanyclothes wash sir askedthemaid3 IcannotgooutnowasIhavealotofclothes wash tobetaken tobewashed towash 注意 若句子的主语并非不定式的逻辑主语时 不定式则必须用被动式 3 在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思 2 在 主语 表语 形容词 todo 中 主语也是不定式的逻辑宾语 即不定式动词和主语之间是动宾关系 Thisquestioniseasytoanswer 分析 answer 动 thisquestion 宾 注意 如果动词为不及物动词 则要注意介词的搭配 Johnisdifficulttodealwith 分析 动 宾 如 这扶手椅坐起来很舒服 这题目很难算出来 dealwith John Thearmchairiscomfortabletositin Thequestionisdifficulttoworkout 4 Therebe结构中 用不定式的主动和被动式来修饰主语 区别不大 Thereisalotofworktodo tobedone 多用主动形式 没有什么可担心的 Thereisnothingtoworryabout 1 Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple butitremains whethertheywillenjoyit A toseeB tobeseenC seeingD seen Exercise B 2 Ihurriedtothemeetinghall only thatthemeetinghadbeenputoff A totellB tobetoldC tellingD told B 3 Doletyourmotherknowallthetruth sheappears everything A totellB tobetoldC tobetellingD tohavebeentold D 4 LittleTomshouldlove tothetheaterthisevening A tobetakenB totakeC beingtakenD taking A 5 Itissaidthatplasticscanbeusedto manythings Nowpeopleareusedto plasticsproducts A make usingB making usingC making useD make use A 6 Withalotofproblems thenewly electedpresidentishavingahardtime A settledB settlingC tosettleD beingsettled C 7 He andwasmadetorepeatit A didn tunderstandB didn tbeunderstoodC wasn tunderstandD wasn tunderstood D 8 Thepupilshere allkindsofexerciseseverydayinthepastfourweeks A keptbusydoingB keepondoingC havekeptbusydoingD havebeenkeptbusydoing D 9 Visitors nottotouchtheexhibits A willrequestB requestC arerequestingD arerequested D 10 Insomepartsoftheworld tea withmilkandsugar A isservingB isservedC servesD served B 1 Itwilltakeseveralweeksforyourcomputerto repair 2 Iknewhim catch bythepolice 3 Avoteisrequired take inourcompanyatonce 4 Whensomemoneywentmissingfromthebank Thomaswasbelieved steal it berepaired tohavebeencaught tobetaken tohavestolen 练习 7 Ihope admit toZhongshanUniversity 8 Thebookissaidto translate intoseverallanguages 9 Ifeelgreatlyhonored welcome intotheirsociety 10 Comeon Itisaneasysentence translate 11 WhenIcamein hepretendedto read 13 MrsSmithwarnedherdaughter notdrive afterdrinking totranslate tobewelcomed havebeentranslated tobeadmitted bereading nottodrive 14 Idon tknowwhetheryouhappen hear butI mgoingtostudyintheU S AthisSeptember 15 Heseems punish byhisteacheryesterday tohaveheard tohavebeenpunished 16 Theschoolorderedalltheclassroom clean 17 Mygrandmotherseemstohavealot worry about 18 Iamgoingtothepostoffice Doyouhaveanyletter post 19 Youareluckyenough notcatch intherain tobecleaned toworry tobeposted nottohavebeencaught 二 翻译练习1 据说这会议已经被取消了 2 这个学生似乎已经对政治失去了兴趣 3 残疾人不喜欢被别人嘲笑 4 没有可以可以浪费的时间了 5 能被邀请进这个英语俱乐部 是一大荣幸 6 她假装没有听懂我说的话 7 我希望被中山大学录取 8 抱歉 我忘记了你的电话号码了 1 据说这会议已经被取消了Themeetingissaidtohavebeencancelled 2 这个学生似乎已经对政治失去了兴趣 Thestudentseemstohavelostinterestinpolitics 3 残疾人不喜欢被别人嘲笑 Thedisableddon tliketobelaughedat 4 没有可以可以浪费的时间了 Thereisnotimetowaste bewasted5 能被邀请进这个英语俱乐部 是一大荣幸ItisagreathonortobeinvitedtotheEnglishClub 6 她假装没有听懂我说的话 ShepretendednottounderstandwhatIhadsaid 7 我希望被中山大学录取 Ihope expecttobeadmittedintoZhangshanUniversity8 抱歉 我忘记了你的电话号码了 Iamsorrytohaveforgottenyourtelephonenumber AnswerkeyforExercise2onpage14 tobedesignedtoberebuilttobeaccompaniedtobeknownastobefilledwithtobetestedouttobeenviedtobesetaside werelistedbedividedbeorganizedtobeaccompaniedwereconnectedbesurroundedwasattached AnswerkeyforExercise3onpage15 Usingstructures Answerkeyforexercise1onpage56 Ididnotexpecttobeinterviewedbythegeneralmanager Themagazinesarenotallowedtobetakenoutofthereadingroom byanybody Shehatestobelaughedatbyherclassmates Hedoesn twanthiswritingtobeinterrupted bytheguests Hedoesn twanttobeinterruptedwhilewriting Theserulesmustbeobeyedbyeverybodyastheyareforthegoodofthewholeschool Thesearetheissuestobediscussedtomorrow Itiswrongforhimtobemadetoworkallnight Answerkeyforexercise2onpage56 Thedishesneedtobewashed Themailneedstobesentrightaway Thesingerrefusedtobephotographed Thehouseistobesold Answerkeyforexercise3onpage56 那本关于 圣经 的书需要在这周末之前还给图书馆 下周末前 这个旧扶手椅将有一个沙发代替 不要着急 你有足够的时间把那个传真发到你的公司 你同妻子离婚的决定必须要得到她的同意 ThatbookontheHolyBibleneedstobereturnedtothelibraryby beforetheendoftheweek Thatoldarmchairistobereplacedbyasofanextweek Don tworry youstillhaveplentyoftimeforthatfaxtobesenttoyourcompany Youdecisiontodiv