中西语言文化差异论文.doc

华南师范大学开放学院毕业论文 年 级： 10级 专 业： 英语教育 姓 名： 准考证号： 论文题目： The Language Difference Reflection Bewtween Chinese and Western Culture通讯地址： 联系电话： 评语： 评分：_ 指导老师：_AbstractChina has more than 5000 years of history and culture, however the western world only has about 2000 years of social history. But the collision of Chinese and Western culture, and the melting exchange for all of civilization has played a significant color and fill the role. Languages and cultures are closely linked, language itself is a kind of cultural phenomenon, is an integral part of culture. Different languages can reflect the cultural differences between different ethnic groups, but different cultures have general character already, also have its individual character. Different language from the social customs, religious beliefs and historical allusions, way of thinking and reflect different cultures. Rich and colorful language and culture, cultural differences in different poses and with different expressions. This article from the diet, values and ethnic are different in beliefs and other aspects to explore the differences between Chinese and Western culture.Key words：Culture Difference Values Differences Language Reflects摘要中国悠久历史5000年，西方世界五六百年的社会历程。中西文化的碰撞、交流以及融化为全人类文明起到了填补和着彩的作用。语言和文化紧密相连，语言本身就是一种文化现象，是文化不可分割的一部分。不同的语言能反映出不同民族的文化差异,但不同民族的文化既有共性,又有其个性。不同语言可以从社会的风俗习惯，宗教信仰、历史典故、思维方式等方面反映出不同文化的差异。语言文化丰富多彩，文化差异千姿百态。本文从饮食、价值观念和民族信仰的差异等方面来探讨中西文化的差异。关键词：文化差异 价值观念差异 语言的体现ContentsAbstract.i摘要.iiContents.iii1.Introduction.12.The values of the Chinese culture differences.12.1 Art Differences.12.2 Way of Thinking.12.3 Aesthetic Ideas .23 Differences between Chinese and western culture.33.1 Community Culture and Individualism.33.2 Etiquette Difference34 The influence of culture in language expression embodied.44.1 Culture on the Effect of Vocabulary.44.2 The Influence of the Culture of the Call.54.3The Influence of the Culture of the Greeting.55.Conclusion.66.Acknowledgement.77.Bibliography.8iiiChinese and Western Culture and Language Differences Reflect1. Introduction In recent years, studies on cultural differences are caused by experts and scholars as well as ordinary language and culture education attention. This reflects the change of the times and requirements. On the cultural differences the basic aim is to train people to cultural differences in the positive attitude to understand, is cultured in different culture contacts adaptation and cultural communication skills. With the arrival of the economic globalization, Chinas further opening up, especially Chinas accession to the WTO. more and more people who participate in intercultural communication whether go abroad or at home all need to study, familiar with communicate skill of different culture background people. Based on this point, the cultural differences between Chinese and western the main manifestations and causes of the differences between simple discussion and comparison.2. The Values of the Chinese Culture Differences2.1 Science DifferencesChinese believe that their experience and authority, believe that the ancients even more than believe today, the authority of superstition, lack of innovation and the spirit of exploration. While the Westerners pay more attention to practice and theory, full of the spirit of adventure, advocate rational thinking. The Chinese people pay attention to the spirit of liberty, freedom, democracy as a powerful gift. While the western democracy thought, politics for the people, all the power is peoples award, for the government to exercise a power.2.2 Ways of ThinkingDifferent nations have different culture, and different ways of thinking, thinking features, and the thinking style, this is thinking of the differences. Thinking of the differences reflects the different languages formed for a long time in the national language tendency. Every language reflects the nations thinking. Chinese emphasis on the thinking in images, use the technique of image is used to express abstract concepts; And on English abstract thinking, more attention to the use of abstract thinking ability, is good at with abstract concepts express specific things. In the language performance, Chinese subject is often have the life term, sentence as more dynamic; And the western distinguish between subject and object. In performance in English language for more than the subject for inanimate nouns, be more dynamic.Chinese emphasis on curve thinking, used to explain, this from the side of the outer environment, the last express center; And on English thinking straight in to express ideas, to come straight to the point, focus on the beginning, fill again into all kinds of modified. For example in the Chinese, it said:“昨晚7点在剧场门口,我碰到了一个多年未见的老朋友”. The same meaning, English is said: I met one of my old friends, whom I hadnt seen for years at the entrance of the theatre at 7 last night.2.3 Aesthetic IdeasChinese and western aesthetics culture difference is very big. For example, In the Chinese idea, the sad Lin daiyu is beauty; and in western idea, Lin daiyu became sick. Now many westerners in the pursuit of healthy beauty think brown, black skin healthier. Because they has “back is beautiful” aesthetic taste.Because of the different historical tradition between China and western, form unique aesthetic habit. The most typical example is the symbolic significance of color, In Britain, the purple symbolizing dignity, white symbolizes purity, the brides wedding dress is white, and red is the dusty woman; In China, yellow is the color of emperor, common people likes bright red big green, the bride to wear red clothes, for the day of the prosperous fortunes.3 Differences between Chinese and Western Culture3.1 Community Culture and IndividualismIn China, community culture is the dominant values. We hope that the national logical administration and harmonious people; called the happy marriage as “a heaven-made match. In Britain, the United States and other western countries emphasize individualism, with particular emphasis on personal value and dignity, individual characteristics and differences, two distinct value orientations is also reflected in the diet. Typically, Chinese dinner party to take a shared way, sharing a banquet, sharing some dish on the table. This probably originated from the diet so Acacia also ideology of collectivism, emphasizing a hop. Western dinner party pursues the separate dining system. The first is the point of the dish, what to eat something. This also shows the western the respect for individuality. After serving, each man uses a disc. Have their respective, add seasonings. The bill also tend to take a business, everyone pays his bill. 3.2 Etiquette DifferenceThe differences of Chinese dining etiquette dining etiquette reflect a let of the spirit. The party started, everyone will be waiting for the master, only when the master please when has dinner, just said party begins. When new dishes, please master, the guest and older people use first to show respect. Western dining etiquette communicate is a kind of beauty of the spirit. Asking the process not only delicious meals and more pleasing to the eye, pleasing to the ear. First, not only should properly dressed, often asked to wear gowns, and ask the sitting position to dignified. Second, can a meal not pleasing of voice. Talk to each other to soft-spoken, cant talk loudly. Chinese and western in the wedding ceremony also have very big difference. Chinese traditional custom have three book six ritual three knock at nine worship courtesy. In China, usually hold a wedding ceremony in grooms home, and everywhere is red, full of lively, radiant with joy.The bride and groom need to have thrice kneeling at the ceremon,take a cup of tea for they parents.But western wedding also is serious, and beautiful and romantic, is unforgettableA Chinese dinner, no matter how rich food, always humble a few words of Today nothing good food, literally do a few sample dishes. This is a subject, but westerners to think,You dont seriously cooking and treat me, there is no sincere, meanwhile that you dont respect me. Instead, the western people have been praised, thanked first, and talk about their feelings,such as:”Thank you very much.” Or “Do you really think so? ” “ Oh, really? Thank you very much.”4 The Influence of Culture in Language Expression Embodied4.1 The Influence of Culture on TranslationAlmost every nation in the world has its own unique understanding of language and the way of thinking, on the same thing, often for different understanding, and produce language expression way of the differences. In both English and Chinese languages, color is the same mean, but because of the differences between the understanding, make its cultural meaning is completely different.such as:black tea 红茶 black coffee 浓咖啡(不加糖或牛奶) brown sugar 红糖 , blue film 黄色影片 in the black 赢利 in the red 亏损, 赤字 white sale 大减价 white lie 善意的谎言 In addition to English and Chinese are in logical thinking on the differences, For example: “Nobody could be too foolish this day.” In China, if this sentence literal translation:“今天谁也不会太愚蠢 That would be a big mistake. Because of the English is double negative structure, which reflects a reverse thinking way. The correct translation should be:”今天, 无论你怎样出洋相, 都不算过分.”Parables and language ingredients which used to express is a rich ethnic culture colour, the understanding disorders is also one of the reasons in the process of translation. Due to cultural differences, the different nationality to the same understanding of the world, can have different perspective Angle, parable of the differences.as strong as horse 气壮如牛 as blind as a bat 鼠目寸光 for the birds 对牛弹琴 something fishy 蛛丝马迹 4.2 The Influence of the Culture of the Call Americans like to address each other with a name as a personal. Not only similar age between so call, the age gap between the so called, no respect each others meaning, the son of the father even use first names. But in China, use first names on many occasions, appear insufficient respect, the children call the name of its parents is taboo. Others will argue that the child does not know the rule. Because of the different culture here from the register difference. The Chinese call someone, sometimes in this person for which position with his name before, such as:Manger Zhang 、Principal Wang ,Teacher Liu ,Aunty Zhao ,Uncle Li. In fact in the vast majority of cases, British and American people call the man for Mr.,the women for Mrs., or Miss is enough. Only a few professional or position can be used to address. As the Doctor or a PhD said Doctor. 4.3The Influence of the Culture of the Greeting For most people in America, inquired about strangers or not familiar with the age of the person, how much income, if married, political leanings, religious belief, is not polite. Therefore, when talking with foreigners, also should avoid the following questions：1.How old are you? 2.How much do you make?3.Are you married or single? 4.Do you go to church?Chinese and western languages have many different farewell languages. If the patient in and say goodbye, the Chinese say drink boiling water, to wear more clothes, sleep early or so, said of the patients care. But westerners would never say drink more water the words like, because it said will is considered to have a hand painting feet too. For example, they will say take care or I hope you will soon recover and so on.5. ConclusionThe difference between different cultures is due to their national cultural and historical background, different aesthetic psychology resulting, in the development of society, the history of precipitation in the Convention, is a permanent cultural phenomenon. We should be aware of the different region, different cultural background knowledge and social customs. The rapid develop