2007医学考博英语统考真题.doc

2007年全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试题Paper OnePart I Listening Comprehension (30%)Section A Directions: In this section you will hear fifteen short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, you will hear a question about what is said. The question will be read only once. After you hear the question, read the four possible answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET. Listen to the following example.You will hear:Woman: I feel faint.Man: No wonder. You havent had a bite all day.Question: Whats the matter with the woman?You will read:A. She is sick.B. She was bitten by an ant.C. She is hungry.D. She spilled her paint.Here C is the right answer.Sample AnswerA B C DNow lets begin with question Number 1.1.A. To do some experiments.B. To attend a class.C. To review his lessons.D. To take a test.2.A. In a hotel.B. In the hospital.C. In the prison.D. At the airport.3.A. He got an ulcer in his stomach.B. He got hurt in the soccer game.C. He will be discharged soon.D. He got his tumor removed.4.A. She told a lie so as not to hurt Jimmy.B. She felt because she had a headache.C. She hurt Jimmy by telling him a lie.D. She slept off her headache.5.A. His new car is not fast enough.B. His new car moves very fast.C. His new car is a real bargain.D. His new car is somewhat of a financial burden.6.A. Get more time to relax.B. Take some tranquillizers.C. Seek a second opinion.D. Avoid her responsibilities.7.A. He got a headache while establishing the institute.B. He had a hard time getting the institute started.C. Everything was OK at the beginning.D. It is impossible to open such an institute in Seoul.8.ExcitedFrustrated AnnoyedRelieved 9.Each class lasts an hour.The class is meeting in an hour and a half.The class meets four hours and a half per week.The class meets for half an hour three times a week.10.A. The woman was a good skier.B. The woman couldnt ski.C. The woman didnt intend to go skiing.D. The woman didnt like Swiss.11. A. Shes an insurance agent.B. Shes an insurance client.C. Shes a bank clerk.D. Shes a driver.12.A. He tripped over some crutches.B. He had rheumatism in his legs.C. He sprained his foot.D. He broke his leg.13.A. The vacation is almost gone.B. The vacation has just started.C. They are prepared for the new semester.D. They cant wait for the new semester.14.A. She was knocked down by a feather.B. She is shamed of Larry.C. She was really surprised.D. She was proud of Larry.15.A. To visit his son.B. To perform an operation.C. To have an operation.D. To send his son for an operation.Section BDirections: In this section you will hear three passages. After each one, you will hear five questions. After each question, read the four possible answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage One16.A. A pharmacist.B. A visitor.C. A physician.D. A dieter.17.A. Cough.B. Diarrhea.C. Headache.D. Stomach upset.18.A. Pain-killers.B. Cough syrup.C. Antidiarrheas.D. Indigestion tablets.19.A. The cold weather.B. Tiredness caused by traveling.C. The strange food he had eaten.D. The greasy food he had eaten.20.A. Take the medicine from the woman.B. G to see a specialist.C. Stop eating and drinking for a few days.D. Stay in bed for a couple of days. Passage Two21.A. Headaches.B. Insomnia.C. Respiratory problems.D. Digestive problems.22.A. On Monday in Edinburgh.B. On Wednesday in Edinburgh.C. On Monday at Staffordshire University.D. On Wednesday at Staffordshire University.23.A. 94B. 44C. 130D. 13524.A. The subjects were asked to write of their free will.B. The subjects were asked to write in a systematic way.C. The subjects were asked to say how often they made entries.D. The subjects were asked if they had written down anything traumatic.25. A. The diarists who write of their free will.B. The diarists who were students at Staffordshire UniversityC. The diarists who had written about trauma.D. The non-diarists who were susceptible to headaches.Passage Three26.A. A brief history of British pubs.B. Beer-the British national drink.C. Various attempts made to curb drinking in Britain.D. The frustrating opening and closing hours of British pubs.27.A. As early as 659 AD.B. After 659 AD.C. Before the Roman invasion.D. After the Roman invasion.28.A. To restrict drinking hours.B. To restrict travelers to certain drinks.C. To encourage the locals to drink in other towns.D. To encourage inns to lodge various kinds of people.29.A. People were better off.B. The government failed to persuade people from drinking.C. There appeared a new cheap drink.D. Drinkers had found various ways to get around the laws.30.A. The licensing hours have been extended.B. Old people are not allowed to drink in pubs.C. Children are not allowed yet to drink in pubs.D. Big changes have taken place in pubs.Part II Vocabulary (10%)Section A Directions: In this section all the sentences are incomplete. Four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D, are given beneath each of them. You are to choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Then, mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.31. The doctor gave him an injection in order to _the pain.A. alleviate B. aggregate C. abolish D. allocate32. His broken arm healed well, but she died of the pneumonia which followed as a _.A. complement B. complimentC. complexion D. complication33. Unfortunately, our vacation plans_on account of transport strikes.A fell back B. fell thoughC. fell upon D. fell to 34. The _climate of Hawaii attracts visitors from all over the world every year.A. genial B. frigidC. genuine D. foul35. This is the_in which the organism lives most effectively.A. optimum B. optionC. ordeal D. orbit36.The doctor suggests that a good holiday in the country should _him_nicely after his operation.A. setout B. setupC. setoff D. setaside37. His behavior was so _ that even the merciful people could not forgive him.A. unique B. unconventionalC. brutal D. brilliant38._to your present job until you can get a better one.A. Hang about B. Hang backC. Hang behind D. Hang on39. Suffering from his leg illness, Tom is very _nowadays.A. emaciated B. eligible C. elastic D. exceptional 40. He saved some money for artistic_such as fine paintings. A. donations B. profits C. luxuries D. lures Section BDirections: Each of the following sentences has a word or phrase underlined. There are four words or phrases beneath each sentence. Choose the word or phrase which can best keep the meaning of the original sentence if it is substituted for the underlined part. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.41. It has been proved that the chemical is lethal to rats but safe for cattle.A. fatal B. reactiveC. unique D. vital42. To their surprise, she has been nominated as candidate for the Presidency.A. recognized B. definedC. appointed D. promoted43. We cannot look down upon our opponent, who is an experienced swimmer.A. player B. competitorC. referee D. partner44. She is regarded as a good nurse in that she attends to patients without any complaint.A. sees through B. looks overC. takes in D. cares for45. It is well known that the minimum penalty for this crime is 2 years imprisonment.A. conviction B. spanC. mercy D. punishment46. The whole area of the national and local governments tried to wipe out rats to prevent the spread of disease.A. exterminate B. dominateC. determinate D. contaminate47. All the students are afraid of him since he is always severe with them.A. vigorous B. rigorousC. vigilant D. rigid48. The biggest engineering project that they undertook was encumbered by lack of funds.A. cancelled B. condensedC. hampered D. haunted49. In order to be a successful diplomat you must be enthusiastic and magnetic.A. arrogant B. industrious C. zealous D. attractive50. He is successful as a doctor because of his dynamic personality, he seems to have unlimited energy.A. meticulous B. vigorousC. aggressive D. arbitraryPart III Cloze (10%)Directions: In this section there is a passage with ten numbered blanks. For each blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET. Many Canadians enjoy the luxury of a large amount of living space. Canada is vast, and the homes are large according to the standards of many counties. Even_51_inner cities do not reach the extremes found in other parts of world.Canadians appreciate the space and value their privacy. Since families are generally small, many Canadian children enjoy the luxury of their own bedroom. Having more than one bathroom in a house is also considered a modern _52_.Many rooms in Canadian homes have specialized functions. “Family rooms” are popular features in modern houses; these are _53_, “living rooms” since many living rooms have become reserved for entertaining. Some homes have formal and informal dining areas, _54_.Recreational homes are also popular_55_ Canadians. Some Canadians own summer homes, cottages, or camps. These may _56_ from a small one-room cabin to a luxurious building that rivals the comforts of the regular residence. Some cottages are winterized for year-round use. Cottages offer people the chance to “get away from it all.” They are so popular that summer weekend traffic jams are common, especially in large cities such as Toronto, where the number of people leaving town on Friday night and returning Sunday might _57_the highways for hours.Sometimes, living in Canada means not only having privacy, but also being isolated. Mobility has become a part of modern life; people often do not live in one place long enough to _58_ to know their neighbors. Tenants live their own lives in their apartments or townhouses. Even in private residential areas, where there is some _59_, neighborhood life is not as close-knit as it once was. There seems to be _60_ of a communal spirit. Life today is so hectic that there is often little time.51. A. spacious B. crowded C. remote D. deserted 52. A. convenience B. comfort C. architecture D. taste53. A. in common B. in particular C. in chief D. in fact54. A. either B. as well C. in turn D. instead55. A. to B. in C. with D. for 56. A. transform B. convert C. range D. shift57. A. blocks B. halts C. cuts off D. keeps off58. A. become B. come C. get D. grow59. A. stability B. mobility C. reality D. tranquility60. A. bit B. much C. more D. lessPart IV Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: In this part there are six passages, each of which is followed by five questions. For each question there are four possible answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage One The popular idea that classical music can improve your maths is falling form favor. New experiments have failed to support the widely publicized finding that Mozarts music promotes mathematical thinking. Researchers reported six years age that listening to Mozart brings about short-tem improvements in spatial-temporal reasoning, the type of thinking used in maths. Gordon Shaw of the University of California at Irvine and Frances Rauscher of the University of Wisconsin in Oshkosh had asked students to perform spatial tasks such as imagining how a piece of paper would look if it were folded and cut in a certain pattern.Some of the students then listened to a Mozart sonata and took the test again. The performance of the Mozart group improved, Shaw found. He reasoned that listening to Mozart increases the number of connections between neurons. But Kenneth Steele of Appalachian State University in North Carolina learnt that other studies failed to find this effect. He decided to repeat one of Shaws experiments to see for himself.Steele divided 125 students into three groups and tested their abilities to work out how to paper would look if cut and folded. One group listened to Mozart, another listened to a piece by Philip Glass and the third did not listen to anything. Then the students took the test again.No group showed any statistically significant improvement in their abilities. Steele concludes that the Mozart effect doesnt exist. “Its about as unproven and as unsupported as you can get.” he says.Shaw, however, defends his study. One reason he gives is that people who perform poorly in the initial test get the greatest boost from Mozart, but Steele didnt separate his students into groups based on ability. “Were still at the stage where it needs to be examined.” Shaw says. “I suspect that the more we understand the neurobiology, the more well be able to design tests that give a robust effect.”61. It has been recently found out that _A. Mozart had an aptitude of music because of his mathematical thinkingB. classical music cannot be expected to improve ones mathC. the effects of music on health are widely recognizedD. music favors ones mathematical thinking62. Which of the following pairs, according to the widely publicized finding, is connected? A. Paper cutting and spatial thinkingB. The nature of a task and the type of thinkingC. Classical music and mathematical performanceD. Mathematical thinking and spatial-temporal reasoning63. In Shaws test, the students would most probably_A. draw the image of the cut paperB. improve their mathematical thinkingC. have the idea about classical music confirmedD. increase the number of neurons in their brains64. From Steeles experiment we say that_.A. his hypothesis did not get proven and supportedB. it was much more complicated than Shaws C. the result were statistically significantD. Shaws results were not repeatable65. Shaw is critical of _A. Steeles results presented at a wrong stageB. Steeles wrong selection of the testees C. Steeles ignorance of neurobiologyD. Steeles test designPassage Two Long-suffering couples take heart. There is a good reason for those endless arguments in the front of the car: men and women use different parts of the brain when they try to find their way around, suggesting that the strategies they use might also be completely different.Matthias Riepe and his colleagues at the University of Ulm in Germany asked 24 healthy volunteers-half of them men, half women-to find their way out of three virtual-reality mazes displayed on video goggles. Meanwhile, the researchers monitored the volunteers brain activity using a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanner. This showed that men and women called on strikingly different brain areas to complete the task. “I didnt expect it to be so dramatic,” says Riepe.Previous students have been shown that woman rely manly on landmarks to find their way. Men use these cues too, but they also use geometric cues, such as the angle and shape of a wall or a corner. Such studies also suggest that men navigate their way out of unfamiliar spaces more quickly, as Riepe found in his study, too.Riepe discovered that both men and women used parts of the parietal cortex towards the top of the brain, the right side of the hippocampus and a few other well-established areas to find their way out. Neuroscientists think that the parietal regions help translate what the eyes see into information about where the body is in space, while the hippocampal region helps progress how objects are arranged.But other regions seemed to be exclusively male or female. The men engaged the left side of their hippocampus, which the researchers say could help with assessing geometry or remembering whether they have already visited a location. The women, by contrast, recruited their right frontal cortex. Riepe says this may indicate that they were using their “working memory”, trying to keep in mind the landmarks they had passed.“It fits very well with the animal studies,” says Riepe. He points out that there seem to be similar differences in rats. For example, damage to the frontal lobe will impair a females sense of direction, but not a males.66. The studies on the driving issue have evolved_A. from the car to the driverB. from the reality to the virtual realityC. from the physical cues to the parts of the brainD. from the cues of navigation to the strategies of driving67. The different parts of the brain men and women use to find their way around, according to the passage, refer to_A. the left side of the hippocampus and the right fronta