高中英语名词性从句教学课件

Grammar 名词性从句 RelatedConception 相关概念 1 名词 表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词 2 名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分 名词在句中主要作主语 宾语 表语和同位语 TheboyisliMing 主语 表语 Mr Liang a24 year oldboy teachesusEnglish 主语 同位语 宾语 在英语的句子结构中 本来该由名词充当的主语 宾语 表语和同位语 由一个句子来充当 这个句子就叫名词性从句 什么是名词性从句 名词性从句 主语从句 TheSubjectClause 宾语从句 TheObjectClause 表语从句 ThePredicativeClause 同位语从句 TheAppositiveClause 名词性从句 名词性从句在功能上相当于名词 主语 Hisjobisimportant Whathedoesisimportant 表语 Thisishisjob Thisiswhathedoeseveryday 主语从句 表语从句 宾语 Idon tlikehisjob Idon tlikewhathedoeseveryday 同位语 Idon tknowabouttheman Mr White Idon tknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher 宾语从句 同位语从句 请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句 WhatIwanttodoistakingabath Thenewsthattheywonthegamespreadthewholeschool Idon tthinkheisanhonestboy Thefactisthathestolethecar Doyouknowthefactthathestolethecar Whoisgoingtogiveusalectureisstillunknown Itissaidthattheywonthegame 主从 同位语从句 宾从 表从 同位语从句 主从 主从 Howshouldweusemoderntechnology Theproblemis Theproblemishowweshouldusemoderntechnology WhenwillmanbeabletoliveonMars isunknowntousall WhenmanwillbeabletoliveonMarsisunknowntousall Wherewillalltheseadvancedtechnologyleadus Ican timagine Ican timaginewherealltheseadvancedtechnologywillleadus 用名词性从句合并句子 名词性从句用陈述语序 1 连接词有 thatwhether和lf2 连接代词有 whowhomwhosewhichwhat等3 连接副词有 whenwherewhyhow等另外whateverwhoeverwhichever等也可以引导主语和宾语两种从句 名词性从句的连词 名词性从句中的 that 没有词义 也不作任何成分 Iknowhim Iknowwhoheis 主语 谓语 宾语 简单句 主语 谓语 宾语从句 连词 从句主语 从句谓语 主句 复合句 一 ObjectClauses宾语从句 宾语从句的概念 宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语 句子结构 主句 连词 引导词 宾语从句 宾语从句的连词 1 连接词that whether if that常可省略 2 连接代词who what which whoever whatever 3 连接副词whenwherewhyhow1 Theyknowthatthehabitwillkillthem 2 Italldependsonwhethertheywillsupportus 3 HeaskedhowmuchIpaidfortheviolin 4 Hemadeitcleartothepublicthathedidanimportantandnecessaryjob 5 Ifinditnecessarythatweshoulddothehomework 1 当宾语从句是陈述句时 包括肯定句和否定句 连词由that引导 因为that在从句中不作任何成分 也没有任何具体意思 因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略 Ithink that heisright Shesays that shewon ttakepartinthesportsmeetingnextSunday Jimthought that thetrainwaslikeabigmovingparty 宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下不能省略 当that从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时 第二个that不能省 当that作介词宾语时 that不可省掉 用it做形式宾语的宾语从句Everyoneknewwhathappenedandthatshewasworried Thereasonliesinthatsheworksharderthantheothersdo IthinkitnecessarythatyoushouldreadEnglishaloud 在于 在主句为动词be加某些形容词 如sorry sure afraid glad等 作表语时 后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句 I msorry that Idon tknow We resure that ourteamwillwin I mafraid that hewon tpasstheexam 2 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时 由连词whether或if引导 口语中常用if 因为if whether翻译成 是否 具有一定的意义 所以不能省略 Lilywantedtoknowif whetherhergrandmalikedthehandbag Let sseeif whetherwecanfindoutsomeinformationaboutthatcity Sheaskedmeif whethershecouldborrowthesebooks whether和if都可以引导宾语从Sheaskedmeif whethershecouldborrowthebook2 主语 表语 同位语从句只能用whether引导 3 当whether后紧跟ornot时 不用if Idon tknowwhetherornotIwillstay 4 介词后面的宾语从句不能用if IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeeling 5 后接动词不定式 whethertodosth Idon tknowwhethertogotheretonight whether和if的使用区别 用if或whether填空 1 Idon tknow I llbefreetomorrow 2 Idon tknow ornotI llbefreetomorrow 3 Thequestionis thisbookisworthwriting 4 Itdependson wewillhaveenoughmoney 5 theycandoitmatterslittletous 6 youarenotfreetomorrow I llgowithoutyou whether if whether whether whether Whether If 3 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时 由连接代词 what who whom which whose 或连接副词 when where how why 引导 因为连接代词或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分 具有一定的意义 所以不可以省略 Doyouknowwhathesaidjustnow Idon trememberwhenwearrived IaskedhimwhereIcouldgetsomuchmoney Pleasetellmewho whom wehavetosee Doyouknowwhattimetheplaneleaves 带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句 CouldyoutellushowmuchitcoststoflytoHainan Couldyoutellushowoftenyougoabroadforaholiday Couldyoutellushowlongthemeetingwilllast Idon tknowhowfaritistothecinema Pleasetellushowmanystudentsthereareinyourschool Pleasetellushowsoonyouwillbeready Canyoutellushowoldhisbrotheris 疑问词引导的宾从练习 1 Idon tknow broketheglassyesterday 2 Weshouldpayattentionto theteacherissaying 3 Theteacherasked Iwasgettingonwithmyclassmates A whatB thatC howD if4 Wewondered shehadbeenthesedays A thatB whereC howD what who what C B 2 时态1 如果主句是现在的时态 包括一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成时 从句的时态可根据实际情况而定 包括一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 现在完成时等 Iknowheliveshere Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago Ihaveheardthathewillcometomorrow 2 如果主句是过去的时态 包括一般过去时 过去进行时 那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态 包括一般过去时 过去进行时 过去将来时 过去完成时 Iknewwholivedhere Isawshewastalkingwithhermother Heaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow Hesaidthathehadseenit 3 当从句是客观真理 定义 公理 定理时用一般现在时 Theteachersaidthatthesuntravelsaroundtheearth 1 Ididn tknowwhattimehe theletter write 2 Couldyoutellmewho awaythebookalready take 3 LingFengtoldmehe totheGreatWallseveraltimes be Exercise wrote hastaken hadbeen Theradiosaysit cloudytomorrow be Theheadmasterhopeseverything well go Tomsaysthatthey play basketballatsixo clockyesterdayevening Ihearthey return italready Hesaidthatthey membersofthePartysince1948 be willbe goes wereplaying havereturned hadbeen 3 语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序 连接词 主语 谓语 其他成分 Theyknowthatthehabitwillkillthem Isawshewastalkingwithhermother 宾语从句的语序练习 1 Thephotographswillshowyou A whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB whatourvillagelookslikeC howdoesourvillagelooklikeD howourvillagelookslike2 Youcanhardlyimagine whenheheardthenews A howhewasexcitedB howwasheexcitedC howexcitedhewasD hewashowexcited3 Heasked foraviolin MET92 A didIpayhowmuchB IpaidhowmuchC howmuchdidIpayD howmuchIpaid B C D 4 否定的转移 若主语谓语动词为think consider suppose believe expect guess imagine等 其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义 一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上 从句谓语用肯定式 Idon tthinkthisdressfitsyouwell 我认为这件衣服不适合你穿 4 宾语从句中的否定转移 我认为他不会来这里 Ithinkhewon tcomehere Idon tthinkhewillcomehere 如果宾语从句是由consider expect guess think believe imagine suppose等词引导的时候 要将从句中的否定形式转移到主句中去 Idon tthinkthisdressfitsyouwell 我认为这件衣服不适合你穿 5 宾语从句中用it作形式宾语 Wethinkitourdutythatweshouldhelpothers Ifinditimpossiblethatheshouldfinishtheworkintwodays 注意 如果主句中有形容词或名词作宾语补足语时 一般用it来作形式宾语 把从句放在宾补后面 宾语从句练习 1 Sheasked theywereinneedofhelp A whetherB whichC whatD how3 Shewondered lateforclass A whyheisB whyisheC whyhewasD whywashe4 Hewillreward findsthemissingcat A WhothatB WhoeverC WhomthatD Thatwho5 Youmustdowell theteacherasksyoutodo A whichB whatC thatD where6 Hefinds strangethatshegoestoworkonfooteverydayA itsB itC thisD that 表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句 放在系动词之后 一般结构是 主语 系动词 表语从句 可以接表语从句的系动词有be look remain seem等 二 PredicativeClauses表语从句 连接词 that whether asif asthough if不引导表语从句 连接代词 who whom whose which what连接副词 when where why how because Thequestioniswhetherwecanrelyonhim That sbecausewewereinneedofmoneyatthattime Helookedasifhewasgoingtocry That swhyIwaslate 注意 在表语从句中 表 是否 时 只能用 whether 不能用 If 一般情况下 that 不能省 表语从句常用于以下句型Itis wasbecause Itis waswhy Thereason why for is wasthat Thereasonisbecause why that 名词主语 be that引起的表语从句 在这种句型中 常用表示事实 真理的名词 如 fact truth或表示看法 观点的名词 如 idea opinion belief view feeling suggestion plan等作主语 Thefactisthatourteamhaswonthegame ThetruthisthatshewastheverypersonwhoKilledthelittlecat 1 That s thePartycalledonustodo A whyB whatC howD that2 Thereasonis heisunabletooperatethemachine A becauseB whyC thatD Whether3 Thatis theyseparated A thatB whatC whichD where4 Janeisnolonger shewasfouryearsago A whatB whichC thatD when 表语从句练习 1 Thequestionis wecanmakegoodpreparationinsuchashorttime 2 Thecarbrokedownonthehalfway Thatwas wecouldn tgetthereontime 3 Butthefactremains wearebehindtheotherclasses 4 Thereason heislateforschoolis hemissedtheearlybus whether how why that why that 表语从句练习 1 Thisis shewasborn A whereB whichC thatD what2 Thequestionis wecan tgotheretoday A thatB whatC whichD when3 Thereasonhehasmadesuchgreatprogressis hehasneverwastedhistime A becauseB whyC thatD what4 Myadviceisthathe schoolbybike A gotoB wouldgotoC goestoD wentto5 shecouldn tunderstandwas fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons A What whyB That whatC What becauseD Why that 三 主语从句TheSubjectClause 从句在句中充当主语成分 1 Thathewillsucceediscertain 2 Whetherhewillgothereisnotknown 3 Whathesaidisnottrue 4 Wherehehidthemoneyistobefoundout 5 Whoevercomesiswelcome It scertainthathewillsucceed 7 Howwecanhelpthetwinswillbediscussedatthemeeting 8 Whenthey llstarttheprojecthasnotbeendecidedyet 主语从句有时用 it 作形式主语 把真正的主语放在后面 以避免头重脚轻 Itisknowntousthathewillcomehere It scertainthatweshallbelate Itisapitythatyoumissedthechance It be 形容词 that从句 Itisnecessarythat 有必要 Itisimportantthat 重要的是 Itisobviousthat 很明显 It be ed分词 that从句 It said reported that 据说 据报道 Itisbelievedthat 人们相信 Itisknowntous allthat 众所周知 Ithasbeendecidedthat 已经决定 用it形式主语的that从句有以下四种不同的搭配 It be 名词 that从句 Itiscommonknowledgethat 是常识Itisasurprisethat 令人惊奇的是 Itisafact pitythat 事实是 遗憾的是 It snowonderthat 并不奇怪 无疑 It 不及物动词 that从句 Itappearsthat 似乎 Ithappensthat 碰巧 Itoccurredtomethat 我突然想起 注意 if 不能引导主语从句 应有 whether 引导 主语从句的 that 一般不能省 Whetherhewillgothereisnotknown Thathewillsucceediscertain what引导名词性从句时在从句中充当句子成分 如主语 宾语 表语 而that则不然 它在句子中只起连接作用 例如 1 Whatyousaidyesterdayisright 2 Thatsheisstillaliveisapuzzle what与that引导主语从句 名词性从句中的 that 没有词义 也不作任何成分 注意 主语从句中 谓语动词一般用单数 Whetherhewillgothereisnotknown what引导的主语从句 可根据表语决定 Whatheneedsisthatbook Whatheneedsaresomebooks hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue A ThatB WhyC WhatD How 2 we llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather AIfBWhetherCThatDWhere 3 isknowntousallthatAmericaisadevelopedcountry Whichb Asc Whatd It 4 It sknowntousall aformofenergy A waterisB thatwaterisC iswaterD thatwaterto5 Itworriedherabit herhairwasturninggray A whetherB ThatC whatD when6 WhatIsayandthink noneofyourbusiness A isB areC hasDhave 四 同位语从句TheAppositiveClause从句在句中充当同位语成分 其一般跟在一些抽象名词 idea belief fact truth problem news等 后面 对名词作进一步解释说明 同位语从句常用that引导或用连接副词when where why how whether 1 Theideathatcomputerscanrecognizehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople 2 WordcamethatNapoleonhimselfwascomingtoinspectthem 3 SydneykepthispromisethathewouldalwaysdoanythinghecouldforLucietomakesureofherhappiness 引导同位语从句的连接词 that 疑问词 whether 1 That引导的同位语从句 1 ThenewsthatIhavepassedtheexamistrue 2 Whether引导的同位语从句 1 Theproblemwhetherweshouldcontinuetodotheexperimenthasbeensolved 3 疑问词引导的同位语从句1 Wehaven tsettledthequestionwherewearegoingtospendoursummervacation Ihavenoidea whenhewillbeback howhecangetthetreasure wheretheconcertwillbehold whocanfinishthework whyithappened whichpenismine whatweshoulddonext whomtheyaretalkingabout whetherit llraintomorrow thatourfootballteamwonthegame 1 Thesuggestionthathe atthemeetingwasagreedtobymostpeople A shouldputforwardB putforwardC shouldlookforwardD lookedforward 2 Thesuggestionthatwe topicniconSundaywasagreedtobymostpeople A wentB wouldgoC goD wereallowedtogo B C 4 虚拟语气在同位语从句中的应用 名词demand suggestion proposal advice等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气 结构为should do should可省略 Hefollowedhissuggestionthathepracticewritingeveryday Ihaveheardthenewsthathevisitedourfactory Ihaveheardthenewsthathetoldyoutheotherday 同位语从句和定语从句的区别 1同位语从句 that只起连接作用 不作任何成分定语从句 that是关系代词 起连接作用和充当宾语和主语2同位语从句 同位语从句和前面的名词是同位关系 对名词进行补充说明定语从句 定从和前面的名词是所属关系 对名词进行修饰 加以限定3同位语从句 that不能省定语从句 that在从句中作宾语时 可以省 that在同位语从句与定语从句的区别 Theideathatcomputerswillrecognizehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople 1 Whatistheidea Theideaisthatcomputerswillrecognizehumanvoices 2 Whatsurprisesmanypeople i Theideasurprisesmanypeople ii Thatcomputerswillrecognizehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople 同位语从句 2 Thepossibilitythatthemajorityofthelaborforcewillworkathomeisoftendiscussed 1 Whatisthepossibility Thepossibilityisthatthemajorityofthelaborforcewillworkathome 2 Whatisoftendiscussed i Thepossibilityisoftendiscussed ii Thatthemajorityofthelaborforcewillworkathomeisoftendiscussed I 试比较下面两个例句 1 Thesuggestionthatheraisedatthemeetingisverygood 2 Thesuggestionthatthestudentsshouldhaveplentyofexerciseisverygood that引导定语从句 作宾语 可以省略 that引导同位语从句 在从句中不担当任何成分 但不可以省略 I Tellthefunctionoftheclausesinthefollowingsentences说出下列从句的功能 A Appositive 同位语 B Attributive 定语 Hisproposalthatwegothereonfootisacceptable Manyteachersholdtheviewthatteenagersshouldnotspendtoomuchtimeonline 3 Thefirstrequestthathemadewastoaskforfreedom 4 Doyouhaveanyideawherewewillbesent 5 Isthisthecompanywhereyourfatherworks 6 Thisisthereasonthathegaveforhisabsence 7 Hemadeanexcusethathiscarbrokedownontheway B B B 辨别下列从句是定语从句还是同位语从句1 Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon 2 Wemustfacethefactthatwehadspentallourmoney 3 Thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdaywasfalse 4 Ihavenodoubtthathewillcomesoon 同位语从句 同位语从句 定语从句 同位语从句 翻译以下句子 并指出带下划线的从句属于名词性从句中的哪一种 1 Whathewantsisabook 2 Itissonicethatwecanlearnthisgrammarpointtogether 3 I msogladthatIcanmakefriendswithyou 4 Thisiswhyhedidit 5 Doyouagreetothesuggestionthatwe should haveatripinTibet 6 Thathewantsabookiscertain 7 Isuggestedjustnowwe should takepartinthisactivity 8 Whetheryoulikehimornotdoesn tmattertoomuch 9 Hedoesn tknowwhetheryoucansingitwell 10 Theproblemiswhetheryoucansingitwell 11 Theproblemwhetheritisrightorwronghasnotbeendecided 12 Pleasetellmewhoyourmonitoris 主语从句 主语从句 主语从句 主语 宾语从句 宾语从句 宾语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 同位语从句 1 Thequestionis thefilmisworthseeing A ifB whatC whetherD how2 Theyreceivedorders theworkbedoneatonce A whichB whenC D that3 Thereason Ihavetogois mymotherisillinbed A why whyB why becauseC why thatD that because4 Ican tunderstandis shewantstochangehermind A What whyB Which howC That whyD What because5 hisdreamofgoingtocollegewillcometrueisuncertain A ThatB WhetherC IfD Evenif6 Itisknowntous wherethereispollution thereisharm A whichB whereC whatD that7 Ihavetheinformation A ofwhathe llcomesoonB thathe llcomesoonC ofthathe llcomesoonD hiscomingsoon C D C A B D B 单项填空 8 Isawyourneighborbreakyourwindowwithabasketball itmademenearlymad A ThathebrokeB WhathebrokeC HebrokeD Hisbreak9 Itremainsaquestion wecangetsomuchmoneyinsuchashorttime A howB thatC whenD what10 CanIhelpyou Yes doyouknow A whencomesthebusB whenwillcomethebusC whendoesthebuscomeD whenthebuscomes11 Hemadeapromise anyonesethimfreehewouldmakehimveryrich A thatB ifC whatD thatif12 Theylosttheirwayintheforestand mademattersworsewas nightbegantofall A what thatB it thatC what whenD which what A A D D A 1 what thata hesaidatthemeetingsurprisedus b hespoke 发言 atthemeetingsurprisedus 2 if whether yougoorstayathomewon tmakeanydifferences 3 Whatapity is youdidn tarrivebydaylight A there becauseB it thatC he whenD that for4 nomatterhow who what where whenWearereadytodo thecountrywantsustodo A whatB whichC nomatterwhatD whatever What That Whether B D 高考再现1 NMET1995 isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage A ThereB ThisC ThatD It2 NMET1996 wecan tgetseemsbetterthanwehave A What whatB What thatC That thatD That what3 NMET2001春 Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother doesitmatteritwas A whereB whatC howD which4 NMET1997 It sgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildheorshewants A howeverB whateverC whicheverD wherever5 NMET1999 IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek Isthatyouhadafewdaysoff A whyB whenC whatD where D A D B A 5 Weallthought apitythatwehadmissedthelesson A soB suchC itD that6 Itook forgranted 想当然 thattheywerenotcoming A thatB thisC itD so7 Iheard saidthathehadgreatconcern 关心 forhisclassmates A andB thatC wasD it8 IwishI tothefootballmatchlastnight A wentB goC shouldgoD hadgone 1 Weallknowthetruth theearthgoesroundthesun A thatB whichC whatD whether2 Weheardthenews ourteamhadwon A whichB thatC whatD where3 Theproblem itisrightorwronghasnotyetbeendecided A whichB thatC whetherD if4 There safeelinginme we llneverknowwhataUFOis notever A thatB whichC ofwhichD what5 Itremainsaquestion wecangetsomuchmoneyinsuchashorttime A howB thatC whenD what 11 Therewillbeaspecialpricefor buysthingsinlargenumberhere A whoB whomC whoeverD Whomever12 Marywroteanarticleon theteamhadfailedtowinthegame whyB whatC whoD that13 Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccept helphecanget A whicheverB howeverC whateverD whenever 14 Manynewspaperprintedthegovernor sstatement wouldsupportataxcut andheB wasthatheCwhichheDthathe15 manmustfearwhentravelinginspaceisradiationfromthesun WhichB HowC WhatD That16 Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild heorshewants A HoweverB whateverC whicheverD whenever 1 Canyoumakesure thegoldrings A whereshehadputB wherehadsheputC whereshehasputD wherehassheput 2 Thereasonthathasbeensuchasuccess henevergivesup A isB isbecauseC isthatD iswhat 3 breaksthelawshouldbepunished AWhoeverb Nomatterwhoc anyone d who 4 Thatis Ihadtotaketheriskofbeingwashedaway A whyB reasonwhyC howD what5 Do youthinkisright difficultiesyoumayhave A what howeverB that whateverC whatever whoeverD what whatever6 Theworkersconsidereditimportant thebosswouldagreetogivethemarise A whetherB howC whereD which 7 Alongwiththeletterwashispromise hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas A whichB thatC whatD whether 8 Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal andthisis Idisagree A whyB whereC whatD how 9 Difficultylies wehavenomoney A thatB inthatC inthefactD inthefactthat 10 Idon tthinkthequestionof theyareoldoryoungisimportant A whichB whetherC howD why 11 Itmakesnodifference youwillgotodayortomorrow A ifB whetherC thatD what12 shouldbesenttoworkthere A WhodoyousuggestB WhodoyousuggestthatshouldC DoyousuggestwhoshouldD Doyousuggestwhomshould 13 Thenews LincolnwasmurderedfilledtheAmericanpeople sheartswithdeepsorrow A whichB whenC thatD how14 hesaidattheme