英语词汇测试和长难句解析.docx

吴耀武老师专线周一至周四6:30p.m.9:30p.m.）第一部分英语词汇全攻略I.如何计算自己目前的词汇量?请迅速浏览下列词汇及其后所给意思选项，凭借你的第一印象，做出选择，然后结合后面所给正确答案统计出你作对的题目个数记为N.1. agree A.欢迎B.赞同C 反对D 赞许2. beautiful A.美丽的B.丑恶的C.美女D 奇妙的3. business A. 繁忙B.事务C.匆忙D 懒惰4. color A. 劳动B.可可C 颜色D.冒号5. did A. 工作B.小伙子C.做D.表示6. enjoy A. 欣赏B.羡慕C.高兴D.嘱咐7. fish A. 完成B.盘子C.鱼D.愿望8. glass A 草地. B 玻璃. C.班级D.眼镜9. high A. 低的B.长的C.重的D 高的10. join A. 参加B.约翰C.大块肉D 开玩笑11. live A. 生命B.生活C.活波的D 肝12. moon A. 中午B.月亮C 很快D 语气13. object A. 事物B.主观C 障碍D 主语14. plan A. 俚语B.平面的C 计划D 飞机15. really A. 实现B.已经C 现实D 真正地16. sell A. 告诉B 买C 自己的D 销售17. sold A. 说出B 老的C 售完D 冷的18. such A. 许多B 接触C 推D 如此19. thought A. 虽然B.通过C 携带D 思想20. various A. 各种各样的B.继续C.担忧的D.单一的21. aim A. 目的B 是的C 援助D 救济金.22. basket A. 木桶B.火箭C 篮子D.曲棍球23. calm A. 手掌B.平静的C.罐头D 棕榈24. comfort A. 向前走B.前进C.起飞D.舒适25. deck A. 甲板B.颈C.鸭子D.码头26. editor A. 事物B.编辑C.计算器D.记者27. feed A. 野草B.种子C.喂养D.感觉28. goes A. 脚趾B.斧头C.鞋子D.走29. improve A. 证明B.改进C.反正D.延伸30. likely A. 高兴地B. 喜欢C. 类似的D.可能的31. mix A. 混合B. 最大值C. 最小值D.牛奶圆圆工作室 友情提示：购买原版，饮水思源！632. parent A. 双亲B. 专利C. 天才D.肃静33. possibly A. 具有B. 邮局C. 也许D. 邮筒34. range A. 跑步B. 范围C. 围墙D.角度35. satisfy A. 牺牲B. 使满意C. 使熟悉D.使伤心36. skirt A. 郊区B. 跳跃C. 裙子D.衬衫37. style A. 典型B. 型号C. 风格D 偷窃38. tip A. 顶部B. 钢笔尖C. 一小口D.小费39. weak A. 虚弱B. 星期C. 顶峰D 寻求40. yield A. 电场B. 场地C. 电焊D 让步41. agent A 经理B 代理人C 店主D 商人42. basis A 基础B 三级管C 脸盆D 基本的43. capable A 首都B 可能的C 有能力的D 无能的44. conflict A 使面临B 混淆C 限制D 斗争45. dame A 游戏B 一角线C 同样的D 少女46. drift A 草图B 漂流C 简短D 悲伤47. expedition A 探险B 过程C 超过D 实验48. fright A 飞行B 正确的C 恐怖D 高度49. hesitate A 踌躇B 匆忙C 说明D 国度的50. invent A 阻碍B 无效C 发明D 专利51. lodge A 对数B 逻辑C 圆木D 供人住宿52. museum A 博物馆B 展览馆C 大会堂D 音乐53. performance A 表演B 完成C 实验D 成立54. proof A 屋顶B 防水C 同意D 证明55. retreat A 处理B 欺骗C 退却D 进攻56. sew A 看见B 播种C 缝合D 母猪57. stiff A 钢铁B 硬的C 偷窃D 偷看58. tool A 池塘B 工具C 器件D 傻子59. wherefore A 无论哪里B 理由C 先前进D 然而60. yonder A 蛋黄B 较年轻C 美国人D 那边61. advocate A 广告B 提倡C 装饰D 利益62. banker A 资金B 宴会C 银行家D 河堤63. butcher A 屠夫B 单身汉C 管家D 灌木64. code A 结尾B 竹竿C 冷却D 电码65. creation A 生物B 创造C 债主D 创造着66. discipline A 门徒B 原理C 阿司匹林D 纪律67. emerge A 显露B 合并mergeC 紧急emergencyD 能量energy68. flush A 闪光flashB 新鲜freshC 奔流D 刷子brush69. goddess A 女神B 上帝C 好的D 货物70. horizon A 地平线B 垂直线C 交叉线D 对角线圆圆工作室 友情提示：购买原版，饮水思源！771. jail A 果酱jamB 尾巴tailC 罐子tinD 监牢72. loyal A 皇家的B 守法的C 忠实的D 土壤73. mood A 语气B 月球C 运动D 沼泽74. painter A 痛苦的人B 熊猫C 绷带D 画家75. pope A 主教bishopB 教皇C 流行音乐家popD 傀儡puppet76. reference A 会议B 参考C 干涉D 区别77. satisfactory A 满意的B 稳定的C 工厂的D 人造的78. soften A 沙发B 土壤C 软化D 安全79. sunny A 星期天B 儿子的C 和煦的D 总的80. tramp A 陷阱trapB 践踏C 象鼻trunkD 电车tram81. alliance A 同盟B 断言assertC 允许D 诱惑allure82. bitterness A 一点点B 咬C 苦难D 污渍83. cigar A 砂糖B 雪茄烟C 吉他D 圆84. cough A 咳嗽B 粗糙C 坚韧的D 面团85. dispatch A 分离B 驱散C 配药D 发送86. explosion A 开发B 爆炸C 考察D 阐明87. glue A 手套gloveB 球状物globeC 阴暗gloomD 胶水gum glue88. hog A 狗B 猪C 钩子hookD 对数logarithm89. knave A 小刀knifeB 骑士knightC 恶棍D 刮胡须shave90. millionaire A 百万B 百万周年纪念C 蜈蚣centipedeD 大富翁91. openly A 公开的B 可能的probableC 椭圆的ellipticalD 能开的openable92. plump A 不景气depressionB 水泵pumpC 李子plumD 肥胖的93. relax A 选择selectB 索引indexC 松弛D 静电复印xerography94. selection A 选择B 选举electionC 解放liberateD 决定determine95. steak A 木杖stickB 牛排C 粘住D 僵硬stiff96. tempest A 企图attemptB 引诱temptC 暴风雪D 锻炼97. unconscious A 不合理的B 不值得考虑的C 未料想到D 无意识的98. vacant A 牛痘vacciniaB 假期C 空的D 真空vacuum99. wrist A 花圈wreathB 手腕C 失事wrechD 包装100. zeal A 热心B 蜂蜡beeswaxC 致命的fatalD 斑马zebra101. advertise A 副词B 倒转C 登广告D 忠告102. athletic A 运动的B 交替的C 大西洋的D 大气的103. bonnet A 女佣人handmaidB 禁止prohibit forbidC 香蕉bananaD 罩子104. chat A 高雅B 闲谈C 追赶D 节俭的105. constable A 经常的constantB 不变的C 警官D 构成的constituent106. deliberate A 解放liberateB 移交C 使高兴D 细想107. alert A 改变B 高架铁路C 淘气鬼D 留心的108. falter A 肥胖B 错的C 摇晃D 落下109. glen A 高兴gladB 滑走glideC 瞥见glimD 峡谷圆圆工作室 友情提示：购买原版，饮水思源！8110.holder A 支持B 占有者C 洞穴D 家庭111.insane A 精神病的B 无感觉的C 插进的D 不诚实的112.limitation A 模拟B 石灰C 刺激D 限制113.mice A 大米B 老鼠C 很好D 地雷114.northward A xiang北的B 向南的C 向前的D 向西的115.peaceable A 一片的B 刺穿的C 和平的D 孔雀116.postal A 广告B 邮费C 柱子D 邮政的117.rebuke A 非难B 叛逆的C 拒绝D 弹回return118.rosy A 嘈杂的B 上升的C 玫瑰色的D 念珠119.signature A 手势gestureB 签名C 图章D 信号120. spun A 脊柱B 经过的C 旋转D 匙子121. almighty A 可能的B 有为的C 浑身难过的D 全能的122. bald A 香油B 无毛的C 民歌D 痛苦123. calamity A 钙粉B 平静C 灾害D 甘菊124. compassion A 怜悯B 压缩C 罗盘D 周围125. deceit A 诈欺B 明白C 决心D 衰落126. earthworm A 蚯蚓B 土工C 热情D 向下127. expel A 消费B 压缩C 吐气D 驱逐128. generously A 大概B 大方C 整个的D 产生的129. hoop A 跛行B 铁环C 吊钩D 线圈130. jurisdiction A 正义B 辩护C 审判权D 起诉131. manure A 菜谱B 手工的C 制造D 肥料132. myriad A 金字塔B 神秘C 无数D 山桃133. parrot A 牧师B 教区C 萝卜D 鹦鹉134. proclamation A 要求B 信息C 程序D 宣言135. retirement A 退回B 恢复C 退休D 沉默136. shipment A 航行B 装船C 船厂D 航运137. stork A 鹳B 传说C 坚固D 储存138. totally A 完全B 高高地C 频繁地D 艰难地139. vassal A 船只B 容积C 诸侯D 巨大140. writhe A 书写B 扭歪C 皱起D 手腕141. accidental A 接近的B 必然的C 接受的D 偶然的142. artificial A 艺术的B 表面的C 人造的D 农林方面的143. anoint A 涂油B 镇痛C 取消D 告示144. artisan A 艺术家B 巧计C 商品D 工匠145. balk A 无毛的B 阻碍C 货物D 讨厌146. benefactor A 施主B 利益C 德行D 弯曲147. blooming A 流血的B 金色的C 盛开的D 洪水的148. buckwheat A 大麦B 荞麦C 公羊D 手柄圆圆工作室 友情提示：购买原版，饮水思源！9149. capacious A 广阔的B 有能力的C 重要的D 连续的150. chiffon A 首领B 谐音C 薄绸D 子孙151. collective A 选择的B 集合的C 正确的D 大学的152. confirmation A 证实B 资料C 确信D 宣告153. conveniently A 方便地B 交替地C 相反地D 常规地154. creative A 巨大的B 生物的C 积极的D 创造性的155. decency A 决心B 凋谢C 正派D 拒绝156. determined A 减少的B 废止的C 分离的D 坚决的157. disfigure A 轻视B 脱离C 破相D 图像158. random A 无序的B 冷淡的C 缓慢的D 相反的159. emphatic A 皇帝的B 永久的C 基础的D 加强了的160. ether A 或者B 乙醚C 质子D 介子161. fantasy A 幻想B 展开C 运动D 饥饿162. fitting A 固定B 装修C 坚实的D 点火163. fortification A 两星期B 好运C 筑城D 修饰164. gangster A 工头B 笨人C 生姜D 歹徒165. godlike A 信神的B 类似的C 善良D 神似的166. hack A 习惯B 劈C 沼池D 出租马车167. heighten A 提高B 高度C 地狱D 手柄168. housekeeping A 管马的B 有秩序的C 良好的D 家务管理169. impel A 阻止B 逼近C 推动D 冲击170. infect A 传染B 事实C 幼儿D 差的171. intrude A 侵入B 采用C 减少D 加标题172. juicy A 果汁B 果酱C 判断D 多汁的173. lea A 茶B 草地C 躺D 依靠174. lordly A 贵族的B 大声的C 放松的D 口头的175. manual A 方式B 粪便C 用手的D 庄园176. mica A 老鼠B 微型的C 仪表D 云母177. mop A 地图B 自由集会C 拖把D 士气178. nebula A 无能的人B 星云C 家牛D 镍179. noticeable A 声名狼藉的B 显著的C 理论上的D 可得到的180. ordeal A 兰花B 演说者C 严峻考验D 果园181. pancake A 薄煎饼B 茶盘C 小册子D 嵌板182. pending A 刑事的B 补偿C 悬而未决的D 修补183. picket A 口袋B 尖桩C 挖D 小环184. polo A 投票B 柱子C 地极D 水球185. prestige A 假装B 威信C 推测D 漂亮的186. prowess A 机首B 船首C 梅干D 英勇187. rational A 全国的B 理性的C 关联的D 转动的圆圆工作室 友情提示：购买原版，饮水思源！10188. reiterate A 再处理B 退却C 反复讲D 离开189. revision A 苏醒B 颠倒C 反转D 修改190. ruthless A 无情的B 不生锈的C 不粗糙的D 不转动的191. scornful A 轻视的B 有成绩的C 灼热的D 有影响的192. sewer A 缝制B 更少的C 阴沟D 更新的193. syrup A 天狼星B 陛下C 胆小鬼D 糖浆194. solicitor A 律师B 硅C 熟悉D 隐居者195. squarely A 平行地B 悲惨地C 成直角地D 粗糙地196. structural A 斗争的B 结构上的C 规矩的D 麻木的197. survival A 测量员B 环境C 幸存D 克服198. termination A 决心B 限制C 期限D 终点199. topmost A 最高的B 讨论的C 过分的D 湿气200turmoil A 转动B 骚动C 废话D 意味参考答案及计算公式：旺旺：韩圆圆1 店铺地址110 B A B C C A C B D A 1120 B B A C D D C D D A 2130 A C BD A B C D B D3140 A A C B B C C D A D 4150 B A C D D B A C A C 5160 D A A DC C B B B D6170 B C A D B D A C A A 7180 D C A D B B A C C B 8190 A C B AD B D B C D91100 A D C A B C D C B A 101110 C A D B C D D C D B 111120 A D B A C DA C B C121130 D B C A A A D B B C 131140 D C D D C B A A C B 141150 D C A D B A CB A C151160 B C A D C D C A D B 161170 A B C D D B A D C A 171180 A D B A C D CB B C181190 A C B D B D B C D A 191200 A C D A C B C D A B你的词汇量=50n-, 其中n=你做正确的题目数量，由于中国大学英语学习的特点是以阅读为主，有些课文所学词汇其实较生僻， 所以大家计圆圆工作室 友情提示：购买原版，饮水思源！11算出来的词汇量建议加上300（非常用但是你已从课本或工具书中记住的词）应该是你目前已认知的词汇总量。希望大家坚持到最后，学有所成！II. 了解考研英语对不同级别词汇要求基础词汇：引申能力核心词汇：识记能力高级词汇：推理能力III.了解每年考研新大纲核心词汇（部分）foul a.令人不快的；恶臭的；邪恶的v.弄脏n.(体育等)犯规acclaim v.向欢呼，公认n.欢呼，喝彩，称赞affluent a. 富裕的，富足的feat n.功绩，伟业，技艺aisle n.(教堂、教室、戏院等里的)过道，通道thrift a.节约，节俭formidable a. difficult to defeat or deal with 难对付的；可怕的amiable a.和蔼可亲的，友善的，亲切的bait n.饵，引诱物vt.用饵引诱；招惹，捉弄carbohydrate n.碳水化合物; 糖类；(plural)淀粉质或糖类graphic a.生动的，形象的；绘画的，文字的，图表的cosy/cozy a.暖和舒服的；舒适的反uncomfortablecredentials n.(个人能力及信用的)证明书，证件evade vt.逃避，回避；避开，躲避excerpt n.摘录，节录vt.摘，引用圆圆工作室 友情提示：购买原版，饮水思源！12exile n.流放；被流放者vt.流放，放逐，把充军fairy adj.幻想中的，虚构的harassment n.骚扰，扰乱；烦恼，烦乱heave v.(用力)举，提，拉；扔；拖；呕吐n.举起hound n.猎狗；卑鄙的人vt.用猎狗追，追逐hover vi. 盘旋；徘徊howl n.怒吼，嗥叫vi.(风等)怒吼，咆哮huddle vi.挤作一团；蜷缩vt.聚集n.挤在一起的人hum v.哼曲子；发嗡嗡声；忙碌n.嗡嗡声，嘈杂声humiliate v.使羞辱，使丢脸同disgracehurl vt.猛投，力掷；大声叫骂juvenile n.少年a.青少年的，适合青少年的；幼稚的kin n.家族，亲属a.亲属关系的lapse n.失误；(时间的)流逝vi.逐渐下降；终止laptop n.小型计算机layman n.俗人，外行，门外汉VI.考研近义近形词汇（部分）1. climate：气候，风气，思潮circumstance：特指经济状况，表示环境，状况时常用复数atmosphere：气氛，氛围environment：侧重指对人的感情、品德思想等产生影响的环境surroundings：特指自然环境context:上下文2. vessel:血管，管道，一般指细小管道；route：路线，航线；path：乡间小路，公园小径；channel：海峡，渠道，管道；road:广阔平坦的大道，多指公路；way:可指各种路、道或通道，也可指抽象的道路；street: 尤指城市中的道路；highway: 通常指市区外可以通行各种机动车辆的交通干线;motorway（free way，express way）: 高速公路；lane: 指农村或城镇的小道或小径，也指小巷；pavement（sidewalk）:街道两旁的人行道；trail: 指人或兽在森林、荒野或山中踩出的小径或崎岖小道第二部分考研英语长难句解析一、考研英语长难句之定语从句一、定语从句定语从句是英语中一种最常见的句型，它可以分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，即定语从句的关系词在文中修饰哪个词、短语或句子。在主句中不可缺少的定语从句称限定性定语从句。对主句起附加说明作用的定语从句称非限定性定语从句。此外，定语从句和主句之间还存在着状语关系，说明原因、目的、让步、假设等。例1.The change met the technical requirement of the new age and prevented the decline in efficiencythat so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after theenergetic founders. (1996 年真题)例2. The American economic system is, organized around a basically private-enterprise, marketorientedeconomy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending theirmoney in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.圆圆工作室 友情提示：购买原版，饮水思源！40例3. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tendto increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit moreconsumers to buy the product.例4. The government promised to give preferential taxation policies and loans of low interest rateto those enterprises that could improve their structure of production and were willing to take in over50 laid-off workers yearly.例5. The local government introduced the snakes into this area hoping that they would control thenumber of mice, which finally became the threat needed to be controlled.例6.The environmental protection should be given priority which means the economic developmentwould be lowered to some extent in a developing country.例7. She was confirmed to be infected with bird flu that calls for a quarantine and medicalobservation for weeks in the hospital.二、考研英语长难句之倒装句倒装(inversion)是一种语法手段，用以表示一定句子结构的需要和强调某一句子成分的需要。英语的最基本的结构是主、谓结构，倒装就是将这种比较固定的词序加以颠倒。倒装有两种。将主语和谓语完全颠倒过来，叫做完全倒装(complete inversion)。如Thenbegan a bitter war between the two countries.于是两国之间开始了恶战。只将助动词(包括情态动词)移至主语之前，叫做部分倒装(partial inversion)。如At no timewas the entrance left unguarded.入口无时无人把守。英语句子的倒装一是由于语法结构的需要而进行的倒装，二是由于修辞的需要而进行的倒装。前一种情况，倒装是必须的，否则就会出现语法错误，后一种情况，倒装是选择性的，倒装与否只会产生表达效果上的差异。例1Among the advantages that future biochips, or “living computers”, would have overconventional semiconductor chips are that they are smaller, they do not generate as much heat, andthey allow for the parallel processing of information, making them faster than todayssemiconductor devices.旺旺：韩圆圆1 店铺地址例2This is the world out of which grows the hope, for the first time in history, of a societywhere there will be freedom from want and freedom from fear.注意：调整语序，加强语气。以There be 引出的倒装句a. There seem to be many good candidates in the district.b. There exist many problems among the present day students.c. There appears to be a man in black in the distance.以副词here, there, then, now, next 引出的倒装句a. Here come the rest of the party.b. Now comes your turn.c. Then followed the discovery of a new compound.d. Next came Edward with his wife.以表地点的介词短语引出的倒装句a. At the school gate stood a guard.圆圆工作室 友情提示：购买原版，饮水思源！41b. Under the tree are sitting some students.c. On the bed lay a pretty kitten.主语为代词时，不用倒装Behind the counterhe stood.Behind the counter stood a man with glasses.以表方位的副词引出的倒装句a. Up went the arrow into the air.b. Down fell a dozen apples.c. Off went the horse.not 短语置于句首a. Not until he went abroad did he know the truth of the fact.b. Not a moment did she waste on campus.c. Not only did I know her, but I was her best friend.d. Not simple is this book interesting, but also instructive.no 短语置于句首a. By no means should he be left alone.b. In no way are can we allow this to continue.c. In no case are you to leave your post.d. On no account should we follow blindly.e. Under no circumstances can we create or destroy energy.f. No longer are they staying with us.g. No sooner had she finished the poem than the students began go ask her questions.only 置于句首a. Only by this means is it possible to explain his failure to act decisively.b. Only after making investigation can we have the right to speak.c. Only when one loses freedom does one know its value.比较状语从句中的倒装a. He ran as fast as did the person who came from England.b. I spend less than do nine out of ten people in my position.c. The greater the number of the free electrons in a material, the better is the conductivity of thematerial.让步状语从句中的倒装a. Small as atoms, electrons are still smaller.b. Complex as it may appear, the rocket, which was invented in China over 800 years ago, is arelatively simple device.c. Hard as I tried to explain it to him, he still didnt understand.d. Much as I disagree with you, I yet respect you.e. Vague though its category (is), it is without doubt an essay.f. Try as he would, he could not lift the rock.三、考研英语长难句之被动语态1.变为汉语的主动形式圆圆工作室 友情提示：购买原版，饮水思源！42e.g. In his attitude can be found seeds for art in the 20th century: the art of the primitive,of symbol, and of imagination.e.g. It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset：it invites you to think that animalsshould be tested either with the consideration humans extend to other humans, or withno consideration at all.e.g. On the whole such a conclusion can be drawn with a certain degree of confidence, but only if thechild can be assumed to have had the same attitude towards the test as the other with whom he isbeing compared, and only if he was not punished by lack of relevant information which theypossessed.e.g. In general, the tests work most effectively when the qualities to be measured can be mostprecisely defined and least effectively when what is to be measured or predicted can not be welldefined.2.被动结构的表语化，可译为：“是的”， “由的”等。e.g. The movement to oppose racial discrimination was personally initiated and led by a famousNegro leader.e.g. This picture was taken by my brother as he went to Yunnan.3.译成具有被动意义的汉语结构。e.g. For all the help this computer may provide, it should not be seen as a substitute for fundamentalthinking and reasoning skills.e.g. It should be made clear to entire citizens that whoever enjoys rights must undertakecorresponding obligations.e.g. Those who support the “nature” side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behaviorpatterns are largely determined by biological factors.e.g. How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount,reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it isinterpreted.4.增添“人们”、“大家”等适当的词做汉语译文的主语。e.g. With the new technique, measurement was claimed to be much more precise.e.g. And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no meanscompared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training.圆圆工作室 友情提示：购买原版，饮水思源！43e.g. During this transfer, traditional historical methods were augmented by additional methodologiesdesigned to interpret the new forms of evidence in the historical study.四、考研英语长难句之形式主语（宾语）结构1. It is + adjective/ noun + clause注意： 先翻从句部分， 再翻形容词/名词部分。a. So it is quite sad when divorces come with small provocations, when parents and children give upon one another, when friendships falter at the first injury, for thus we forfeit a great work of artthe long love.b. It is thus no exaggeration that Americans have taken to mechanical cooling avidly and greedily.c. As a result of such contradictory evidence, it is uncertain whether those suffering seriously as aresult of labor market problems number in the hundreds of thousands or the tens of millions.2. It is + adjective + infinitive to注意： 先翻不定式部分， 再翻形容词部分。a. It is extremely wasteful to give years of training at public expense only to have the qualifiedteacher or nurse marry after a year of two and be lost forever to her profession.b. It is essential for modern men to master one or two foreign languages.c. It is difficult for us to over-praise the book.3. It is + past participle + that-clause注意： 先翻过去分词部分， 再翻从句部分。a. It is reported that Sadam Hussein was betrayed by his janissary.b. It is said thatc. It is believed thatd. It is rumored thate. It is estimated thatf. It is known thatg. It is argued that五、考研英语长难句之并列平行结构圆圆工作室 友情提示：购买原版，饮水思源！44英语常用并列连词，如： and, but, so, yet, for, nor, or, not only:.but also, either or 或neithernor 等连接两个或几个同等成分，这种结构称为并列结构。连接的同等成分可以是动词的宾语、介词短语或名词的定语等。例1In general, the tests work most effectively when the qualities to be measured can be mostprecisely defined and l