人教版高一英语必修1-Unit2-全套ppt课件

SmallQuiz 小游戏 Let sdoasmallquiztodistinguishthenationalflagsofdifferentcountries andfindoutthelanguagesspokeninthesecountries EnglishAroundtheWorld theUSA Canada NewZealand Australia SouthAfrica theUnitedKingdom Ireland India Australia Canada India Ireland NewZealand SouthAfrica TheU S A Singapore GreatBritain EnglisharoundtheWorld unit2 Englishlanguageanditsdevelopment differentkindsofEnglish KnowledgeGoals Topic WordsandExpressions Words elevatorofficialvoyagenativeapartmentactuallybasegradualidentityfluentfrequentcommandrequestexpressionSpanisheasternrecognizeaccentstraightblock in ways在 方面suchas例如believeitornot信不信由你comeupwith提出comeuptoaplace参观某地everbefore从前evenif though即使attheendof在 末期bebasedon在 基础上closeto距离 近change into把 变成intheearlydays在早期take with 随身携带thesame as与 相同的atpresent目前 Expressions Difficultiesinlanguagecommunication DirectandIndirectSpeechRequestsandDemands FunctionalItems Grammar EnabletoknowmoreaboutthedifferencesbetweenvariousEnglish DeveloptheabilityoflearningEnglishthroughdifferentways suchasreadingnewspapers magazinesandbooks surfingtheInternet etc Haveapositiveattitudetowardsdifferentculture UnderstandmorephrasalandidiomsofdifferentEnglish AbilityGoals EmotionGoals TrytogetmoreinformationaboutdifferentEnglish Theusageofdirectandindirectspeech Trytousethesentencesthatcanexpressrequestsanddemands ImportantandDifficultPoints ImportantPoints TrytounderstandthedifferencesbetweennativeEnglishandforeigncultures aswellasthebackgroundsofdifferentdevelopmentoftheircultures TrytodeveloptheabilityofspeakingEnglish DifficultPoints What sthedifferencebetweenA EandB E DoyouknowVOA DoyouknowBBC VoiceofAmerica BritishBroadcastingCorporation A E AmericanEnglishB E BritishEnglish 笑话一则 A Doyoulikemovingpictures B Well Yeah Whynot A Ok followme B what A Let sgodownstairstomovethepictures B Oh oh Movingpictures movies 美国的旧时用法 SomedifferentwordsinA E andBE 1 Withyourpartner listthecountriesthatuseEnglishasanofficiallanguage 2 WhichcountrydoyouthinkhasthemostEnglishlearners 3 Lookatthetitleofthefollowingpassageandguesswhatitisabout Thenreaditquicklyandseeifyouareright 1 Fastreadthepassagethentrytoanswer HowdoesthemodernEnglishdevelop WhytherearesomanykindsofEnglish 2 Listentothetape 3 Dotheexercise1onpage10 thengivethereasonthatthesentenceiswrong 1 Englishhadthemostspeakersinthe17thcentury 2 EnglishdevelopedwhennewsettlersandrulerscametoBritain3 Languagesfrequentlychange 4 Thelanguageofthegovernmentisalwaysthelanguageofthecountry F T F F Answer 1 Becauseafterthe17thcentury morepeoplebegantospeakEnglishasaresultofEnglishconqueringotherpartsoftheworld 3 Becauselanguagesdon tchangeoftenbutonlywhenpeoplecomeintoclosecontact 4 Becausethegovernmenthastousethelanguageofthecountrytoruleit 5 EnglishisoneoftheofficiallanguagesusedinIndia 6 ThisreadingpassagedescribesthedevelopmentofEnglishlanguage T T ThelistofdevelopmentofEnglish Duringthe5thcenturyAD BasedonmoreGerman BetweenaboutAD800and1150 LikemoreDanishandFrench Bythe1600s Shakespeareusedawidervocabularythaneverbefore 1620 BritishsettlersmovedtoAmericaninthe Mayflower Fromthe18thcentury BritishcolonizedAustralia 1765 1947 EnglishspokeninIndia Bythe19thcentury DictionariesstandardizedthespellingofEnglish ReadthetextforthethirdtimeWhilereadingworkwithyourpartnersandmakeamapoftheEnglishspokencountriesyou velearnedinthepassage ifnecessaryyoumayrefertothemessageontheinternet Thenanswerthequestion3onpage10 WhydomanypeoplespeakEnglish Inferredanswerfromthetext Englandwasstrongandmadevoyagestoconquerotherpartsoftheworld BritainruledsomecountriesandtaughtthemEnglish Whatotherfactorsaffectedtheuseoflanguage internationalroleeconomicdevelopmentdevelopmentofdemocracytheimageintheworldculturaldevelopment Fromtheaboveaspectstrytoanswerthesecondquestionbyyourself ThedevelopmentofEnglish WhenJuliusCaesar latertobeRomanEmperor invadedBritaininBC54 5 the Celtic tribeslivedintheBritishIsles TheirCelticlanguagesstillsurviveas Gaelic inScotland Ireland Welsh inWales and Manx intheIsleofMan aswellas Breton inFrance TheRomansbroughtLatintoBritain whichwaspartoftheRomanEmpireforover400years ButearlyEnglishdidnotdevelopmainlyfromLatin InAD878 theVikingsinvadedBritainfromScandinavia bringingwiththemtheNorselanguage thoughthiswassimilartotheoldEnglishorAnglo Saxonlanguagealreadyused ThedramaticarrivaloftheNormanarmyfromFrance ledbyKingWilliamtheConquerorin1066 andthedefeatoftheEnglishKingHaroldattheBattleofHastings broughtverybigchangestoEnglishlife TheNormansbroughtwiththemtheOldFrenchlanguage which becamethelanguageoftheRoyalCourt andtherulingandbusinessclass SoitisunlikeFrench SpanishandItalian whichdidcomedirectlyfromLatin EarlyEnglish wasthelanguageoftribeswhoinvadedfromtheEast fromwhatisnowGermany Theyspokedifferentdialectsofa Germanic language fromwhichmodernGermandeveloped ThisexplainswhyGermanandEnglishareoftensimilar asmanyoftheirwordsdevelopedfromthesameoriginallanguage Differencesinvocabularyusage B E A E JamesA H murray NoahWebster NoahWebster SamuelJohnson TheIntroductionofJamesA H MurrayJamesAugustusHenryMurray 7February1837 26July1915 wasaScottishlexicographerandphilologist HewastheprimaryeditoroftheOxfordEnglishDictionaryfrom1879untilhisdeath AsayoungmanMurrayworkedasaschoolmasterandabankclerk butalwaysmaintainedastronginterestinotherfields particularlyphilology In1879hewasinvitedbyOxfordUniversityPresstoeditthenewEnglishdictionarywhichhadbeenproposedbythePhilologicalSociety TheIntroductionofNoahWebsterNoahWebster 16October 1758 28May 1843 wasanAmericanlexicographer textbookauthor spellingreformer wordenthusiast andeditor Hehasbeencalledthe FatherofAmericanScholarshipandEducation His Blue BackedSpeller bookswereusedtoteachspellingandreadingtofivegenerationsofAmericanchildren IntheUnitedStates hisnamehasbecomesynonymouswithdictionaries especiallythemodernMerriam Websterdictionarythatwasfirstpublishedin1828asAnAmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage TheIntroductionofSamuelJohnsonSamuelJohnson 18September1709 13December1784 oftenreferredtoasDr Johnson wasanEnglishauthorwhomadelastingcontributionstoEnglishliteratureasapoet essayist moralist novelist literarycritic biographer editorandlexicographer JohnsonwasadevoutAnglicanandpoliticalconservative andhasbeendescribedas arguablythemostdistinguishedmanoflettersinEnglishhistory Heisalsothesubjectof themostfamoussingleworkofbiographicalartinthewholeofliterature JamesBoswell sLifeofSamuelJohnson TheAmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguages explanations Journey voyage trip tour travel的用法区别 1 journey指从一地到另一地 通常指陆地上的远距离 旅行 有时也可以表示经常走的或长或短的 路程 只作名词 例如 E g Howlongisyourjourneytoschool Onlyabout10minutes 2 voyage主要指远距离的水上旅行 也可以指空中旅行意思为 航海 航空 航行 等 只作名词 例如 E g Sheusuallygetsseasickduringthevoyage TheymadeavoyageacrossthePacificbyair 3 trip一般指时间短 距离近的 旅行 远足 也可以指长途旅行 在非正式用语中可代替journey 只作名词 例如 E g Wemadeaboattriptotheislandlastweekandhadagoodtime 4 tour着重指旅行线路比较曲折 常表示 周游各地的 参观 访问 巡回 旅游 视察 购物 演出 等意思 可作动词和名词 例如 E g Iwilltourtheworldinthefuture Myfatherhasgonedown townonashoppingtour 5 travel作 旅行 游历 解 一般表示从一地到另一地旅行这一总的概念 常指长时间 远距离的 旅行 尤指出国旅行 可作动词和名词 其复数形式意思为 旅游笔记 游记 例如 E g Atpresent manypeoplearefondoftravelintheirsparetime IamreadingabookaboutthetraveltoNorthPole Theycamehomeafteryearsofforeigntravel Lighttravelsfasterthansound 1 Becauseofthat Englishbegantobespokeninmanycountries because becauseof 因为 由于 1 Becauseyouareconcernedaboutme Ifindthatlifeisfullofhope 2 Becauseofyourconcern Ifindthatlifeisfullofhope 因为你的关心 我发现生活充满了希望 languagepoints 1 Becauseitrainedheavily theboywentbackhomethroughthewoods 2 Becauseoftheheavyrain theboywentbackhomethroughthewoods 因为雨下得很大 那个男孩穿过树林回家了 2 Actually itwasbasedmoreonGermanthanpresentdayEnglish 1 Actually 事实上 实际上adv 2 be basedon 以 为基础扩充 Itis adj of forsbtodosth 当句式中形容词修饰todosth时用for 若形容词修饰sb 则用of E g It skindofyoutohelpmecarrythebox 3 thereismorethanonekindofEnglishintheworld morethanone 单数可数名词 作主语时 谓语用单数 4 ItisnoteasyforaChinesepersontospeakEnglishaswellasanativeEnglishspeaker 对于一个中国人来说把英语说得跟以英语为母语的人一样好是不容易的 句型 Itis adj n forsbtodosth对于某人来说做某事是 Itisdifficultforhimtowalksolongintherain 对他而言 在雨中走了这么久是很不容易的 Words 1 officialn 行政官员ThePresidentandtheSecretaryofStatearegovernmentofficials 总统和国务卿是政府官员 adj 公务的 公职的 职权的Hisofficialdutieskepthimbusy 公务使他繁忙不堪 官方的 正式的 官方认可的Theyhavegotsomeofficialfiguresaboutthepopulation 他们得到一些关于人口的官方数字 2 nativeadj 出生地的 故乡的 本国的Attheendoftheyearsomepeoplewillgobacktotheirnativehomes 年终时 有些人要回故乡去 当地 人 的 原产于某地的ThepandaisnativetoWestChina 熊猫产于中国西部 天生的 有天赋的Theabilitytoswimisnativetofish 鱼生来就会游泳 n 当地人 本地人Areyouanative orjustavisitor 你是本地人还是外来人 3 frequentadj 时常发生的 常见的Researchisalsoadvancedbyfrequentconferencetoexchangeexperience 经常开会交流经验也促进了研究工作的发展 Trafficaccidentsarealarminglyfrequentoflate 近来交通事故频繁得吓人 vt常到 光顾 常与 交往Hefrequentsthelocalrestaurants 他经常光顾当地的餐馆 mandn 命令Thegeneralissuedacommandthatallofthemshouldcomeatsixo clock 将军颁布了一道命令 所有的人都要在六点钟到 指挥 控制Thearmyisundertheking sdirectcommand 军队由国王直接统帅 掌握 运用力 控制力HehasagoodcommandofFrench 他的法文很好 部队 兵团 指挥部Doyouknowwhere stheUnitedNationsCommand 你知道联合国部队司令部在什么地方吗 vi 指挥 控制Youhavenorighttocommand 你没有权利指挥 vt 命令Hecommandedthatmangoatonce 他命令那个人马上走 掌握 支配Thecaptainofashipcommandsalltheofficersandmen 舰长统率舰上的全体官兵 Morphology ActualGradualFluentFrequentofficial ActuallyGraduallyFluentlyFrequentlyofficially 形容词 副词 developmoveimproveArrangemanage developmentMovementimprovementArrangementManagement 动词 名词 Expressions eup上来 走近Whileweweretalking amancameup 我们正在谈话时 一个人走了过来 发生Iexpectsomethingtocomeupsoon 我预料很快就要出事的 升起 长出来 响起 刮起 Theskywasdarkblueandclearwhenthemooncameup 月亮出来时 天空是深蓝色的 非常晴朗 开庭Animportantwitnesswasabsentwhenthecasecameup 开庭时 有个重要的证人没有出席 显露光泽 开始发光Thesilverhascomeupbeautifully 那银器显露出美丽的光泽 提到 提及Theprojectcameupintheirconversation 他们在谈话中提到了这项工程 2 playapartin在 中起作用Womenplayaveryimportantpartinsocialistconstruction 妇女在社会主义建设中起着很重要的作用 Inaplaysingingandactingplayanimportantpart 在戏剧中唱和表演起很重要的作用 3 makeuseof使用 利用Weshouldmakeuseofthechance 我们应该利用机会 Wastematerialmustismakefulluseof 废弃材料必须充分利用 4 atpresent目前 现在Thatfirmislookingforanewaccountant Atpresentthesalarytheywillofferhasbeenleftopen 那家公司正在物色一位新的会计 工资多少尚未确定 Heisallrightatpresent 现在他没事了 5 becauseof因为 由于Itwasbecauseofthejobthathehadtakentheflat 他因为工作的原因租了那套公寓 Sheisherebecauseofme 她是因为我而到这里来的 1 in on2 at on3 past after4 in on5 From than6 in on B E inA E on B E atA E on B E pastA E after B E inA E on B E fromA E than B E inA E on Dotheexercise4onpage11trytomakeadifferencebetweentheB EandA E SomeEnglishproverbs Allgoodthingscometoanend 天下没有不散的筵席 Allriversrunintosea 海纳百川 AllroadsleadtoRome 条条大路通罗马 Allthatendswelliswell 结果好 就一切都好 Allthatglittersisnotgold 闪光的不一定都是金子 Structures 一 表达命令的句型 1 Don t 动词原 宾语 其他 不要做某事2 主语 hadbetter 宾语 其他 最好不要做某事3 Don tlet 宾语 动词原形 其他 不要让某人 某物 做某事4 Never 动词原形 其他 不要再做某事5 Don tbe 表语 不要 6 asksbnottodo叫某人不要做某事 二 请求的句型 1 wouldyouplease couldyouplease 你能 吗 你可以 吗 2 Wouldyoumind 动词原形 如果不介意的话 3 Howabout 动名词 其他 怎么样可以么 4 Please 动词原形 请 5 Wouldyoulike 动词原形 可以么 请求与命令的转述方式 一 注意所使用的动词英语常用的表示命令 请求和建议的动词有advise ask invite order remind request tell warn等 advisevt 劝告 建议Mymotheradvisedmetowearmybestclothes 我妈妈建议我穿上最好的衣服 2 askvt 请求 邀请Iaskedthemtocometomyhousefordinner 我请他们来我家吃饭 3 invitevt 邀请Lisainvitedustocometoherparty Lisa邀请我们参加她的聚会 4 ordervt 命令 指挥Theyorderedhimnottostop 他们命令他不要停下 5 remindvt 使想起 提醒RemindmetowritetoMother 请提醒我给妈妈写信 6 requestvt 要求 请求Werequestthevisitorsnottopicktheflowers 我们要求参观者不要摘花 7 tellv t 告诉 告诫 命令 警告Itoldyounottodoit 我叫你不要做这个 8 warnv t 警告 告诫 常与of连用 指对于确实的危险所作的警告 具有命令的意思 Shewaswarnednottocomeintheroom 她被警告不得进入那间屋子 由此可见 上述动词作谓语时有一个共同的特点 即都可以使用如下句型 advise ask invite order remind request tell warnsb todosth 建议 要求 邀请某人做某事 如果是否定句 则在to前加not 在这个句型中 不定式作宾语补足语 三 注意由直接引语变为间接引语句子的方法 要注意直接说的话 称为直接引语 与转述的话 称为间接引语 在表达上是不一样的 由于表示的是命令 请求和建议 所以直接说的话多用祈使句式 1 肯定句的变法PleasereadEnglishinthemorning Jim saidMissLiu MissLiuaskedJimtoreadEnglishinthemorning 2 否定句的变法Don ttalkinclass Mr Greenwarnedme MrGreenwarnedmenottotalkinclass Theexpressionsthatcanexpresscommands CorrectyourspellingmistakesGoand Dothatnow Saythatagain Holdthatagain Takethedogforawalk Theexpressionsthatcanexpressrequests Howdoyouspellthatplease Wouldyoudothatmoreslowly Please wouldyouplease Couldyourepeatthatsentence Wouldyoupleasespeakmoreslowly CanIsithereandwaitforthedoctor 1 Thechildrensaidtotheirteacher wouldyoupleasesingasongforus 2 Themothersaidtoherchild turnofftheradio 3 Thedentistsaidtoapatient openyourmouthplease soIcanseethebadtoothclearly 4 Thesecretarysaidtothewomanonthephone couldyouholdonforaminute 5 Johnsaidtohisclassmate canIborrowyoupenplease 6 Theteachersaidtohisstudent comeuptomyoffice Theexercisesforretellingdirectspeechtoindirectspeech 1 Thechildrenaskedtheirteachertosingasongforthem request 2 Themothertoldherchildtoturnofftheradio command 3 Thedentistaskedhis herpatienttoopenhis hermouthsothathe shecouldseethebadtoothclearly request 4 Thesecretaryaskedthewomanonthephonetoholdonforaminuteortwo request Suggestedanswersfortheexercises 5 Johnaskedhisclassmateifhecouldborrowhispen request 6 Theteachertoldhis herstudenttocomeuptohis heroffice command Suggestedanswersfortheexercises Fastreadthepassagethenanswer IsthereastandardofEnglish DoestheNJoftheTVspeakastandardEnglish WhyaretheresomanykindsofEnglishintheworld HowmanykindsofEnglishdoyouknow 中国的汉语方言地图 Listening Listentotheconversationandanswerthequestions 1 WhatdoesBufordthinkofTexas Howdoyouknow 2 HowlargewastheCatfish 3 WhydidLestergetoutofthewatersoquickly 4 WhydidBuffordandBigBillyBoblaugh Thesuggestedanswerstothesequestions Hebelievesit salmostadifferentcountryfromtheUSA Thelisteningtexttellsus Theboysthoughtthatthecatfishwasalmostthesizeofahouse Hethoughtthecatfishwouldeathim TheylaughedbecauseLasterbelievedthecatfishwouldhurthim Afteransweringthequestions canyouretellthelittlestory Dotheexercise3onpage14 thenretellthestory subway underground 地下铁corner block 转角Couldyouplease 委婉的请求round around介词on 表示某事物位于另一事物所朝的方向 这里的方向指相对 E g ChinafacesthePacificontheeast ReadingandSpeaking Writing Pleasethinkaboutthetwosituations Usetheexpressionshavebeengivenandtrytomakeadialoguewithyourpartner Payattentionthetoneyou vechosen 重点词汇 officialvoyagenativeactuallybasegradualidentityfrequentcommandrequestexpressionSpanishrecognizestraightblock 重点短语 makearequest请求requestthat should v原形inonedirection朝一个方向bedifferentfrom与 不同inthe1600 s inthe1600s givecommands命令asarule通常 照例benativeto是 的土产动物 植物asweknow正如我们所知aninternationallanguage一门国际语言aninternationalorganization一个国际组织playarole part in 在 中担任角色 在 中起作用 扮演一个角色 参与playanimportantrole part在 中起重要作用becauseof因为 由于 话题 Englisharoundtheworld 功能 命令 asking 请求 request 语法 请求与命令的句型和其转述 1 Lizziewas toseeherfriendoffattheairport 2004 全国卷IV AalittlemorethansadBmorethanalittlesadCsadmorethanalittleDalittlemorethansad解析 morethanalittle adj 表 非常 的意思 B 2 Wouldyoupleasehelpmewiththebox 2009 四川 A Yes please B No pleasedon t C Withpleasure D Mypleasure 解析 Withpleasure 表示答应别人的请求但是还没帮 Mypleasure 表示已经帮过忙了 是回答别人感谢的用语 C 3 Amyjoinedapaintinggroupbutdidn tseemto sosheleft A showoffB goupC fitinD comeover解析 showoff 炫耀 卖弄 goup 增多 兴建 fitin 适应 相处融洽 comeover 来访 拜访 由 sosheleft 可知C C 1 Mr Huangwill inthemovement A playaleadingpartB takepartsC playleadingpartD takeapart2 Wediscussedwheretogoforawholemorning butwedecidedtostayathome A attheendB bytheendC intheendD onend3 ofthestudentswhotookpartinthemilitarytra