李云平版 计算机专业英语——学习情景1：办公自动化

计算机专业英语 主讲教师 2 能力提高篇 3 能力提高篇 LearningScenarios1OfficeAutomation Words ExpressionsTextA OfficeSoftwareTextB OfficeHardwarePracticeReadingMaterial 5 Words Expressions 6 Words Expressions 7 Words Expressions 8 Words Expressions 9 TextA OfficeSoftware OfficeAutomationistheapplicationofcomputerandcommunicationtechnologytoimprovetheproductivityofclericalandmanagerialofficeworkers Today sorganizationshaveavarietyofofficeautomationhardwareandsoftwarecomponents Officesoftwarecanbeusedtodowordprocessingandsimpledatabaseprocessing maketheformandslideshow etc OfficesoftwareincludesMicrosoftOffice KingsoftWPS YOZOsoftOffice RedOffice etc Theapplicationrangeofofficesoftwareisverywide frommeetingrecordtosocialinvestigation anddigitalofficeisinseparablefromthehelpofit Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology theoperationofofficesoftwarehasbeenbecomingmoreandmoresimple butthefunctionhasbeenbecomingmoreandmoredetailed MicrosoftOffice2010isanewgenerationofofficesoftware whichhassixversions TheyareOfficePrimary OfficeHomeandStudent OfficeHomeandBusiness OfficeStandard OfficeProfessionalandOfficeProfessionalPlus ThestandardeditionofMicrosoftOffice2010includesalotofcomponentswhichareMicrosoftWord2010 MicrosoftExcel2010 MicrosoftOutlook2010withBusinessContactManager MicrosoftPowerPoint2010 MicrosoftOneNote2010 MicrosoftPublisher2010andMicrosoftOfficeWebApps 10 TextA OfficeSoftware MicrosoftWord Asshowninfigure1 1below MicrosoftWordisanapplicationofwordprocessor Wordcanbeusedtoeditthetext graphics image soundandanimation andinserttheinformationofothersoftware Wordcanbeusedtomakethegraphicsbydrawingtoolsandeditartwordsandmathematicalformulas whichcansatisfytherequirementsofusersaboutthedocumentprocessing Wordprovidesapowerfultabulationfunctionforusers whichcanbeusedtotabulatenotonlyautomatically butalsomanually Word2010alsoincreasesmanynewfunctions suchasonlinereal timecollaborationandversionrecovery MicrosoftExcel MicrosoftExcelisusedtocreatetable calculateandanalyzedata Exceliswidelyusedinmanagement statisticseconomics financeandmanyotherfields Asshowninfigure1 2below Excel2010addssomenewfeatures suchasSparklines Accordingtothedatathatisselectedbytheuser Excel2010willdirectlydrawthelinechart barchartandsooninthecellandequiptheuserwithSparklinesdesignpaneltochooseacustomstyle 11 TextA OfficeSoftware Figure1 1Word2010 Figure1 2Excel2010 12 TextA OfficeSoftware MicrosoftOutlook MicrosoftOutlookcanbeusedtosendandreceivee mails managecontactinformation keepdiaries arrangeschedulesandassigntasks Asshowninfigure1 3below Outlook2010increasessomenewfunctions Forexample theuserscanmanagemultipleemailaccountsinoneplace keepincontactwithsocialandbusinessnetworkandreceivevoicemessagesandfaxesintheinbox MicrosoftPowerPoint MicrosoftPowerPointisasoftwarewhichisusedtomakeandshowslides PowerPointcanbeusedtoproducethepresentationthatcontainsthetext graphics image sound videoclipandothermultimediaelements Theusercanorganizetheinformationintoagroupofillustratedpicture PowerPointisusedtointroducethecompany sproductsanddemonstratetheuser sacademicachievements Asshowninfigure1 4below PowerPoint2010addsnotonlymorespecialeffectsofslidetransitionandimageprocessing butalsomorevideofeatures 13 TextA OfficeSoftware Figure1 3Outlook2010 Figure1 4PowerPoint2010 14 TextA OfficeSoftware MicrosoftOneNote MicrosoftOneNote2010isanoteprogram whichisusedtosearch organize findandsharetheuser snotesandinformation MicrosoftPublisher MicrosoftPublisher2010istheprocessofpublicationproduction whichisusedtoproducepressreleases brochuresandotherprofessionalpublicationsandmarketingmaterials MicrosoftOfficeWebApps MicrosoftOfficeWebAppsprovidesanewstyleofdocumentstoragefortheuser whowilleasyviewandeditthedocumentinthebrowser ByusingOfficeWebApps websitecouldbecomeanewstoragedeviceofofficedocument whichwillmakethedocumenteasiertoaccessandshare 15 TextA OfficeSoftware Notes 1 Theapplicationrangeofofficesoftwareisverywide frommeetingrecordtosocialinvestigation anddigitalofficeisinseparablefromthehelpofit 译文 办公软件的应用范围很广 大到社会调查 小到会议记录 数字化的办公都离不开办公软件的鼎立协助 from to 意为 从 到 例如 fromwintertosummer 意为 自冬至夏 beinseparablefrom 意为 离不开 thehelpof 意为 帮助 这些都是惯用短语 2 Wordcanbeusedtomakethegraphicsbydrawingtoolsandeditartwordsandmathematicalformulas whichcansatisfytherequirementsofusersaboutthedocumentprocessing 译文 Word软件可以利用绘图工具进行图形制作 编辑艺术字 数学公式 能够满足用户的各种文档处理要求 beusedtodo 意为 被用于做某事 usedtodo 意为 过去常常做某事 beusedtodoing 意为 习惯于做某事 这里的 to 是介词 英文中 Word软件被用于制作图表 编辑艺术字和数学公式 翻译成中文时 可以变成主动语态 即 Word软件可以利用绘图工具进行图形制作 编辑艺术字和数学公式 这样翻译比较符合我们的习惯 satisfytherequirementsofusers 意为 满足用户的需求 这是比较常用的英语短语 16 TextA OfficeSoftware Notes 3 Accordingtothedatathatisselectedbytheuser Excel2010willdirectlydrawthelinechart barchartandsooninthecellandequiptheuserwithSparklinesdesignpaneltochooseacustomstyle 译文 Excel2010可根据用户选择的数据 直接在单元格内画出折线图 柱状图等 并配有Sparklines设计面板供自定义样式的选择 accordingto 意为 根据 to 是介词 后面加名词或动名词 equipsbwithsth 意为 为sb提供或配备sth 与 providesbwithsth 的含义相似 都是为某人提供某物 4 Asshowninfigure1 4below PowerPoint2010addsnotonlymorespecialeffectsofslidetransitionandimageprocessing butalsomorevideofeatures 译文 PowerPoint2010除了新增更多幻灯片切换特效 图片处理特效之外 还增加了更多视频功能 如图1 4所示 asshowninfigure1 4below 意为 如下图1 4所示 slidetransition 意为 幻灯片切换 imageprocessing 意为 图片处理 notonly butalso 意为 不仅 而且 两个省略号所表示的内容的形式应该是一致的 表示一种递进关系 17 TextA OfficeSoftware Exercises 1 Translatethefollowingphrases 1 dowordprocessing 2 anewgenerationofofficesoftware 3 manynewfunctions 4 makethedocumenteasiertoaccessandshare 5 keepincontactwith2 Fillintheblankswithappropriatewordsorphrases A simpleB MicrosoftPowerPointC officeautomationD thedevelopmentofE analyzedataF detailed 1 Today sorganizationshaveavarietyofhardwareandsoftwarecomponentsattheirdisposal 2 Withscienceandtechnology theoperationofofficesoftwarehasbeenbecomingmoreandmore butthefunctionhasbeenbecomingmoreandmore 3 MicrosoftExcelisusedtocreatetable calculateand 4 isasoftwarewhichisusedtomakeandshowslides 18 TextA OfficeSoftware Exercises 3 TranslatethefollowingsentencestoEnglish 1 MicrosoftOffice2010是微软推出的新一代办公软件 共有6个版本 2 Outlook软件可以用来收发电子邮件 管理联系人信息 记日记 安排日程 分配任务 3 PowerPoint可以用于介绍公司的产品 展示自己的学术成果 4 MicrosoftOneNote2010是一种笔记程序 用来搜索 组织 查找和共享用户的笔记和信息 5 MicrosoftPublisher2010是出版物制作程序 用来制作新闻稿和小册子等专业出版物及营销素材 19 TextB OfficeHardware Witharapidincreaseintheamountofofficeoperations officeautomationhasbecomeanintegratedtechnology Officeautomationhardwaredevicesincludecomputers printers copiers scanners faxmachines recorders routers etc Thecomputerisformedbythemainframeboxandperipheralequipments ThemainframeboxincludesCPU memory mainboard powersupply opticaldriver Peripheralequipmentsincludetheexternalmemory inputandoutputdevices CPU Acentralprocessingunitisthecorepartofanycomputersystem whichismadeupofarithmeticunitandcontrollerunit Asshowninfigure1 5below IntelandAMDaretwomajorcompaniestomanufacturetheCPU 20 TextB OfficeHardware Memory Thememorythatisusedtostoredataandprogramisthestoragecomponentonthemotherboard Asshowninfigure1 6below thememoryisanonlytemporarystoragearea Whentheprocessingiscompleted thememoryiscleared Mainboard Asshowninfigure1 7below themainboardisinstalledinthechassis whichisoneofthemostimportantpartsofthecomputer Themainboardisgenerallyrectangularboard Therearethemaincircuitsystemsofcomputers BIOSchips I Ocontrolchips keyboardandpanelcontrolswitchinterfaces indicatorplugs andothercomponentsonthemainboard Figure1 7Mainboard Figure1 6Memory 21 TextB OfficeHardware Powersupply Asshowninfigure1 8below acomputerpowersupplyisaclosedindependentcomponentwhichisinstalledinthemainframebox Throughaswitchingpowertransformer itconvertsalternatingcurrenttodirectcurrentthatcanbeusedbyavarietyofsystemcomponentswithinthemainframebox Opticaldriver Aopticaldriverisoneofthemostcommonaccessoriesinacomputer asshowninfigure1 9below ItcanbedividedintoCD ROM DVD ROM COMBO ROM CD ROMisreadonlymemory whichisdevelopedbytheCD DAformat DVD ROMisanopticaldriverwhichcanreadDVDdiscs anditiscompatiblewithDVDandCDformats COMBO ROMisamultifunctionalopticalstorageproductwhichisacollectionofCD ROMandDVD ROM Figure1 9OpticalDriver Figure1 8PowerSupply 22 TextB OfficeHardware Externalmemory ExternalmemoryisanimportantmemoryinadditiontoamemoryandCPUcache Thismemorycansavedataevenafterpowerfailure Commonexternalmemoriesareharddisks floppydisks opticaldisks USBdisks asshowninFigure1 10 etc Keyboard Asshowninfigure1 11below thekeyboardisformedbyagroupofswitchmatrixwhichcontainsnumberkeys letterkeys symbolkeys functionkeys controlkeysandsoon Figure1 11Keyboard Figure1 8CommonExternalMemory USBDisk 23 TextB OfficeHardware Mouse Asshowninfigure1 12below themouseisasortofhandheldscreencoordinatepointingdevice Therearetwocommonlyusedtypesofmouse Oneisthemechanicaltype theotheristheopticaltype Scanner Asshowninfigure1 13below scannerisacomputerperipheralequipmentandadigitalinputdevice Thescannercancaptureanimageandconvertitintoasignalwhichacomputercandisplay edit storeandoutput Scannershavemanydifferenttypes suchasdrumscanner flatscanner penscanner filmscannerandsoon Severalimportanttechnicalindicatorsofscannersareresolution grayscale colornumber scanspeedandscanformat Figure1 13Scanner Figure1 12Mouse 24 TextB OfficeHardware Monitor Asshowninfigure1 14below themonitorisanecessarycomputeroutputdevice Twoimportantelementsofthemonitoraresizeandclarity Thesizeisindicatedbythediagonallengthofitsviewingarea Commonsizesare15 17 19and21inches Theclarityisindicatedbyitsresolution whichismeasuredbypixels Thegreatertheresolutionis thebettertheclarityoftheimageis Printer Aprintershowninfigure1 15isoneofcomputeroutputdevices whichisusedtoprinttheresultsofcomputerprocessingonpaper Therearethreeindicatorstomeasuretheperformanceofprinter Theyareprintresolution printspeedandnoise Theprinterhasmanydifferenttypes Accordingtotheprinciple itcanbedividedintothesub hittingstyleandthenon impactstyle Accordingtotheapplication itcanbedividedintodotmatrixprinter colorinkjetprinterandlaserprinter Figure1 15Printer Figure1 14Monitor 25 TextB OfficeHardware Copier Asshowninfigure1 16below acopierisusedtocopythemanuscriptinothertimes zoominorout Itcanbeconnectedtoacomputerthroughtheinterface anditbecomesanimportantpartofofficehardware Theimportantdirectionsofitsdevelopmentaretorealizethemultifunction colorization small scaleandhigh speed Fax Asshowninfigure1 17below afaxisthecommunicationequipment whichconvertsdocuments charts photographsandotherstillimagesintoelectricalsignalswiththescanandopticalconversiontechnologyandtransmitsthesignalstothereceiverinordertocopyintheformofrecord Accordingtotheapplication faxescanbedividedintophotofax paperfax weatherfaxandfilefax Figure1 17Fax Figure1 16Copier 26 TextB OfficeHardware Recorder Asshowninfigure1 18below arecorderuseslaserbeamtoreadthematerial Theuserscanmakeuseoftherecordertorecordcompactdisksinordertoconvenientstorageofdata RecorderscanbedividedintoCDrecordersandDVDrecorders ThecapacityofDVDrecorderismuchlargerthanCDrecorder Router ArouterisanequipmentwhichconnectslocalareanetworkwithwideareanetworkintheInternet asshowninfigure1 19below Itwillautomaticallyselectandsetuparouteaccordingtothecaseofchannel andsendthesignalinthebestpath TherouteristhehuboftheInternet whichhasbeenwidelyappliedtoallfieldsofwork Figure1 19Router Figure1 18Recorder 27 TextB OfficeHardware Notes 1 Acentralprocessingunitisthecorepartofanycomputersystem whichismadeupofarithmeticunitandcontrollerunit 译文 中央处理器由运算器和控制器组成 是任何计算机系统中必备的核心部件 thecorepartof 意为 核心部件 computersystem 意为 计算机系统 bemadeupof 意为 由 组成 是被动语态 例如 PlatoconjecturedeachoftheseelementstobemadeupofacertainPlatonicsolid theelementofearthwouldbeacube ofairanoctahedron ofwateranicosahedron andoffireatetrahedron 意为 柏拉图推测每一种元素都是由某些理想立方体组成 地元素是由立方体组成 风元素是一个八面体 水元素是二十面体 火元素是四面体 此例中 bemadeupof 被多次使用 使用时省略了 bemadeup 2 Thememorythatisusedtostoredataandprogramisthestoragecomponentonthemotherboard Whentheprocessingiscomplete thememoryiscleared 译文 内存是指主板上的存储部件 用来存放当前正在执行的数据和程序 程序处理完成后 内存就被清空了 第一句话是由 that 引导的定语从句 修饰前面的先行词 memory 说明内存是用来存放数据和程序的 关系代词 that 引导的定语从句可以修饰代表人或物地先行词 但不能用于引导非限定性定语从句 that 可以充当主语 宾语 表语 本句中 that 就是充当主语 本句在翻译时多补充了修饰语 当前正在执行的 主要是为了中文连贯才补充的 也是与第二句话形成了一个呼应 thememoryiscleared 是被动语态 翻译时请注意 28 TextB OfficeHardware Notes 3 Asshowninfigure1 7below themainboardisinstalledinthechassis whichisoneofthemostimportantpartsofthecomputer 译文 如图1 7所示 主板安装在机箱内 是微机最重要的部件之一 本句中 which 引导了非限定性定语从句 修饰先行词 mainboard 作主语 which 引导的定语从句 修饰代表物的先行词 在从句中可以作主语 宾语 在限定性定语从句中 多数情况下 which 可以与 that 互换 在非限定性定语从句中 which 引导的句子可以单独翻译成一句话 oneofthemostimportantpartsof 意为 最重要的部件之一 是常用的短语 4 Theclarityisindicatedbyitsresolution whichismeasuredbypixels Thegreatertheresolutionis thebettertheclarityoftheimageis 译文 清晰度由像素来衡量的分辨率表示 分辨率越大图像越清晰 indicate measure 两个含义相近的动词都使用被动语态 表示 表明 指示 衡量 的意思 which 引导了一个非限定性定语从句 修饰先行词 resolution 作主语 Thegreater thebetter 意为 越 越 也是常用的句型 例如 Experimentalresultsshowthatthegreaterthetask to machineratiois thebettertheperformanceofQUICKFITisthanMULTIFITandBoundFit andthemakespanofQUICKFITistheleastamongthoseofLPT MULTIFITandBoundFitinmostofcases andQUICKFITissuitableforthelargescaleidenticalscheduling 意为 实验结果表明 绝大多数情况下 任务机器比越大 QUICKFIT算法的性能就越优于MULTIFIT和BoundFit 总完成时间等于MULTIFIT和BoundFit中的最小者 29 TextB OfficeHardware Exercises 1 Translatethefollowingphrases 1 thecorepartofanycomputersystem 2 themaininputdevice 3 sizeandclarity 4 asshowninfigure1 10 5 inorderto2 Fillintheblankswithappropriatewordsorphrases A numberB memoryC whichD withinE convertsF ThroughG switchmatrixH formed 1 Thecomputerisbythemainframeboxandperipheralequipments 2 aswitchingpowertransformer italternatingcurrenttodirectcurrentthatcanbeusedbyavarietyofsystemcomponentsthemainframebox 3 CD ROMisreadonly isdevelopedbytheCD DAformat 4 Thekeyboardisformedbyagroupofwhichcontainskeys letterkeys symbolkeys functionkeys controlkeysandsoon 30 TextB OfficeHardware Exercises 3 TranslatethefollowingsentencestoEnglish 1 办公自动化是在办公业务量急剧增长的情况下发展起来的一门综合性技术 2 办公自动化的硬件设备主要包括计算机 打印机 复印机 扫描仪 传真机 刻录机 路由器等 3 主机箱主要包括CPU 内存 主板 电源 光驱 4 如图1 5所示 中央处理器主要由Intel和AMD两大公司生产 5 常见的外储存器有硬盘 软盘 光盘 U盘等 31 Practice Part RoleplayConversation1RoseandMikearegoingtoschooltogether Rose Goodmorning Mike Mike Goodmorning Rose Whatobligatorycoursesdoyoutakethisterm Rose TherearecollegeEnglish AdvancedMathematics Physics PE ManagementandAccounting Whataboutyou Mike IhavetotakeAdvancedMathematics CLanguage MicrocomputerInterfaceTechnique ComputerNetworkandDatabaseTechnique Rose Wow youmustgetonwellincomputer CanyouexplainOfficeSoftwaretome Ihavealwaysbeenprettyunclearonthisissue Mike Ofcourse Officesoftwarecanbeusedtodowordprocessingandsimpledatabaseprocessing maketheformandslideshow etc OfficesoftwareincludesMicrosoftOffice KingsoftWPS YOZOsoftOffice RedOffice etc Theapplicationrangeofofficesoftwareisverywide frommeetingrecordtosocialinvestigation Rose Oh Isee Thanksalot 32 Practice Conversation1Rose和Mike正在去上学的路上 Rose 早上好 Mike Mike 早上好 Rose 你这学期的必修课有哪些 Rose 我必须上大学英语 高等数学 大学物理 体育 管理学 会计学 你呢 Mike 我需要上高等数学 C语言 单片机接口课程 计算机网络 数据库 Rose 喔 你计算机一定学得很好 你能给我解释一下办公软件是什么吗 我一直没有弄清楚这个问题 Mike 当然可以 办公软件是指可以进行文字处理 简单数据库的处理 表格制作 幻灯片制作等方面工作的软件 包括微软Office 金山WPS 永中Office 红旗Office等 办公软件的应用范围很广 大到社会调查 小到会议记录 Rose 哦 我明白了 谢谢 33 Practice Conversation2KateandTomaretalkingabouttheCPUintheclassroom Kate Tom couldyoudomeafavor Tom Sure Kate MissLihastaughtusacentralprocessingunitisthecorepartofacomputersystem ButIstillcan tunderstandthedefinitionoftheCPU Tom ThebrainofacomputeristheCPU Itcontrolsinformation tellsotherpartswhattodoandperformsallthecomputer scalculations Kate Oh thatishowitis Kate和Tom在教室里讨论CPU Kate Tom 你能帮我一个忙吗 Tom 当然可以 Kate 李老师讲课时说 CPU是计算机的核心部件 但是我还是不太明白CPU的含义 Tom CPU是计算机的大脑 它控制着信息 告诉其他部件做什么并且执行计算机所有的运算 Kate 哦 原来是这样啊 34 Practice Part writing通过Internet查找资料 借助如 金山词霸 等电子词典和辅助翻译软件 完成以下技术报告 通过E mail发送给老师 并附上你收集资料的网址 1 简述MicrosoftOffice最新版本包含的组件有哪些 请附图片及简要描述2 简述最新的CPU的性能及价格 请附图片及简要描述3 简述最新的打印机的性能及价格 请附图片及简要描述 35 ReadingMaterial OfficeAutomation OfficeAutomation OA isanewworkstyle whichcombinesthemodernofficewiththecomputernetwork Officeautomationisanewtechnologyapplicationinthecurrenttechnologicalrevolution whichistheproductoftheinformationsociety Theordinaryroutineofofficeworkismainlyforlargefileprocessing suchasdraftingavarietyoftexts filingdocumentsfromothersareas copyingandprintingfiles etc Therefore theuseofcomputerwordprocessingtechnologytoproduceandstoreallkindsofdocuments theuseofotheradvancedequipmentsuchascopiers faxmachinestocopyandtransferdocuments theuseofcomputernetworktechnologytotransferdocumentsarethebasicfeaturesofofficeautomation Withthedevelopmentof3Gmobilenetwork officeautomationhasenteredthemobileage Mobileofficeautomationsystemisanintegrationof3GMobileTechnology IntelligentMobileTerminal VirtualPrivateNetwork VPN IdentityAuthentication GeographicInformationSystems GIS WebServiceandCommercialIntelligenceTechnology Itcanmigratetheoriginaldocument addressbook schedule filemanagement noticeandotherfunctionsfromOAsystemtomobilephone andthestaffcanconductbusinessanytimeandanywhere 36 ReadingMaterial OfficeAutomation Thesoulofofficeautomationissoftware asshowninfigure1 22 thehardwarecanachievetheenvironmentalguaranteeofofficeautomation Officeautomationischaracterizedbyauthorityandopen Authoritycanensurethesafetyandthelayeroftheinformation whichisthepremiseoftheofficeautomationsystemtostart Openmakestheinformationsharingareality Officeautomationsystemhassixfunctions WordProcessingreferstoinputting editing modifying merging generating storing copyingandprintingthefiles Generallyspeaking wordprocessors intelligentprintersandotherequipmentscancompletethesetasks FileManagementcontainstheregistration filing classification retrievalandsecurityofdocuments whichcanbeachieve