高中英语《现在完成时》PPT课件

.,1,*现在完成时*,.,2,构成：现在完成时是由助动词have（has）过去分词否定句：在have/has后加not.一般疑问句：把have/has提到主语前.动词的过去分词：规则变化（和过去时一样）不规则变化,现在完成时,.,3,不规则变化：am/is-was-beenare-were-beenbegin-began-begunbreak-broke-brokendo-did-donedraw-drew-drawndrink-drank-drunkdrive-drove-driveneat-ate-eatenfall-fell-fallenfly-flew-flownforget-forgot-forgottengive-gave-givengo-went-gone,.,4,完成时态的分类,现在完成时：站在现在回顾过去1.表示“影响”2.表示“持续”过去完成时：站在过去回顾过去的过去将来完成时：站在将来回顾此前发生的事件,.,5,1“影响”表过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果.(多数需要结合上下文语境）Eg.Ihavejustcleanedmyclothes.我刚洗过衣服。（“洗衣服”是发生在过去的动作，对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了”）Ihavejusthadmybreakfast.(对现在的影响：不饿)影响近的影响远的影响经历eg.Ihavevisitedyourfactorybefore.,.,6,与其搭配的时间状语：just（刚刚）,already（已经）,before,yet（一般疑问：已经；否定句：还）never,ever,Ihaveneverheardofthatbefore.Haveyoueverriddenahorse?Shehasalreadyfinishedthework.Haveyoumilkedthecowyet?Yes,Ihavedonethatalready.Ivejustfinishedmyhomework.Hehasnotcomeyet.,.,7,2.“持续”表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，并可能继续下去的动作或状态。,Eg.Ihaventseenherthesedays.ShehaslearntEnglishfor3years/since3yearsago.Theyhavelivedheresince1990.WhathashappenedtotheUSAinthelast350years?,.,8,1.for（段时间）,since（过去点时间）2.到目前为止/迄今：sofar,tillnow,uptonow3.最近几个日、月、年以来：thesedays,in/over/duringforthelast/pastfewyears/months/weeks/days,throughyears,与其搭配的时间状语(默认的时间结点在现在）,eg.Ihavebeenhereforjustovertwoyears.Hehasworkedheresince1989.从1989年，他就在这工作了。,.,9,动词延续性动词非延续性动词的否定时态或转换为延续性动词,.,10,2.非延续性动词也称终止性动词，瞬间动词，表示动作瞬间完成例如：become,begin,buy,borrow,arrive,come,die,fall,finish,gettoknow,go,join,leave,marry3.非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换,.,11,1.延续性动词have，keep等来代替非延续性动词。他入党五年了。HejoinedthePartyfiveyearsago.HehasbeeninthePartyforfiveyears.电影开始五分钟了。Thefilmbeganfiveminutesago.Te/gobe(in)leavebeawayborrowkeepbuyhavediebedeadgettoknowknowbeginbeonopenbeopenclosebeclosedarrivebehere/theremarry/getmarried(to)bemarried(to)fallasleep/gettosleepbeasleepjointhePartybeintheParty/beamemberof,.,12,.,13,1.Ihaveborrowedthebookfor2weeks.()2.Thefilmhasbegunfor5minutes.(),ABC,ABC,Bkept,Bbeenon,3.这辆自行车我买了两年了。Ive_thebike_twoyears.,4.HeleftNanjingtwoyearsago.He_Nanjingfortwoyears.,5.Themonkeydiedlastmonth.Themonkey_foramonth.,6.A:Honglong_you_()B:Twoweeks.A.did,getillB.have,fallenillC.were,illD.have,beenill,hadfor,hasbeenawayfrom,hasbeendead,D,.,14,注意,一.常用现在完成时的句型This/Itisthefirst/last/only+n.+that+现在完成时This/Itisthefirst/secondtimethat+现在完成时This/Itis+adj.最高级(thebest/worst/mostinteresting)+名词+that+现在完成时,.,15,二.havebeenin,havebeento与havegoneto的用法：1、have(has)beenin表示“在某地（多长时间）”，现在仍在那里。持续Mr.BrownhasbeeninShanghaiforthreedays.布朗来上海已经有三天了。TheyhavebeeninCanadaforfiveyears.他们到加拿大有五年了。2、have(has)beento表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了。影响Ihavejustbeentothepostoffice.我刚才去邮局了。MaryhasneverbeentotheGreatWall.玛丽从未去过长城。HaveyoueverbeentoHangzhoubefore?你以前曾经去过杭州吗？3、have(has)goneto意为“到某地去了”影响-WhereisTom?-Hehasgonetothebookshop.他到书店去了。JackJohnsonhasgonetoLondon.杰克.约翰逊到伦敦去了。,.,16,三.一般过去时和现在完成时的区分,Theplanehasarrived.飞机已经来了。（说明现在的情况：飞机在这儿）Theplanearrivedaquarterago.飞机是一刻中以前来的。（强调动作发生的时间在过去）Ihavetaughthereforfifteenyears.我在这儿已经教了十五年。（表示十五年前的动作一直延续到现在，还可能会继续。）Itaughthereforfifteenyears.我过去在这儿教过十五年。（表示“我“现在已经不在这儿任教了）,.,17,用括号中所给的动词的适当形式完成下列句子。1.Mary_(lose)herpen._you_(see)ithereandthere?2._you_(find)yourwatchyet?3.-Areyouthirsty?-NO,I_just_(have)someorange.4.We_already_(return)thebook.5._they_(build)anewschoolinthevillage?6.-HasTomtaughtyouEnglish?-Yes,he_(teach)usEnglishfortwoyears.7.I_(notfinish)myhomewo