英文字母的发音及音标.doc

26个英文字母及发音音标如下: Aa e1 Bb bi: Cc si: Dd di: Ee i: Ff ef Gg d i: Hh e1t I i 1 J j d e1 K k ke1 L l el Mm em N n en O o u P p pi: Q q kju: R r : S s es T t ti: U u ju: V v vi: W w dblju: X x eks Y y wai Z z zi:/zed 以上我们可以看出,英语字母中有一些含有共同的元音音素.如: 1)含元音音素ei 字母: Aa Hh Jj Kk 音标: e1 e1t d e1 ke1 2) 含元音音素i: 字母: Bb Cc Dd Ee Gg Pp Tt Vv 音标: bi: si: di: i: d i: pi: ti: vi: 3) 含元音音素e 字母: Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx Zz 音标: ef el em en es eks zed 4) 含元音音素ju: 字母: Uu Qq Ww 音标: ju: kju: dblju: 5) 含元音音素1 字母: Ii 音标: 1 Yy 音标: w1 英语发音规则 一,元音字母在重读音节中的读音 元音字母的读音 a 在开音节中读e1 如：name plane Jane baby cake 在闭音节中 如：bag dad hat map black back e 在开音节中 i: he these me Chinese 在闭音节中 e bed let pen desk yes egg i 在开音节中 1 bike drive time nice kite 在闭音节中 fish big drink sit milk swim o 在开音节中 u those close go home no 在闭音节中 D clock not box shop sock u 在开音节中 ju: student excuse duty Tuesday 在闭音节中 bus cup jump much lunch 在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j, l ,r ,s后面时读u:音, 例如:June blue ruler super 二,元音字母在非重读音节中的读音 a China another woman breakfast 1 orange comrade village cabbage e hundred student open weekend 1 chicken pocket begin children i / holiday beautiful family animal a1 exercise satellite o second tonight somebody welcome u also zero photo u autumn diffcult ju: popular congratulation January 动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读e1音,例如:operate u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j、 l、 r、 s后面时,读u(:)音, 例如:July influence February issue 三,元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音 1、a在w音后面 want what watch wash quality a在f、n、 sk 、ph 、sp 、ss 、st 、th前时读 : after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father 2、i在-nd、 -ld和gh前 读1 如: find child light high 3、o在-st、 -ld前读u 如: most postcard old cold 4、o在m、 n 、v 、th前 读 come monkey love mother 四,-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音 1、ar ar 一般读: car farm dark sharp 在w后读: warm quarter towards 2、or : 如： forty morning short or在w音后面 读 : word worker worse 3、er、 ir、 ur读 : 如： certainly bird Thursday 辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成 -r音节,而是按重读闭音节的 拼读规则发音.例如: carry sorry hurry -r音节在非重读音节中通常读音,例如:dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday 五,-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音 元音字组 读 音 例 词 are e care dare hare ere 1 here mere ire 1 fire hire wire ore : more score before shore bore ure ju: pure cure are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读音,例 如:picture pleasure 重读元音字母加r,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼 读,字母r读r音. 例如: parent zero story during inspiring 某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象. 例如:orange very American paragraph 六,元音字组在重读音节中的读音 元音字组 ai/ay读音e1例 词 afraid rain wait day play aire air hair chair pair repair al在f,m前读 :l small ball talk wall all :l always also salt almost bald : half calm palm au/aw: autumn daughter draw ea i: teach easy cheap please e heavy bread sweater weather e1 break great ear 1 hear dear near clear year e bear pear wear : earth learn early ee i: jeep week green three eer 1 pioneer deer beer ei/ey e1 eight neighbour they i: either key eu/ew在j、l、r、s后读 ju: new few newspaper u: flew brew ie/ei 在s音之后 念i: piece field receive oa u coat Joan boat goal oar/oor : roar board door floor oi/oy 1 noise point boy toilet oo u: broom food tooth school u book look cook foot good ou/ow u flower house count down u know row throw though young country enough u: group you soup our : course your four u our hour ours : journey ui 在j、l 、r、 s后 ju: 1 fluid suicide tuition u: juice fruit suit 七,非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音 元音字组或字群 读 音 例 词 ai/ay 、ei/ey 1 Sunday foreign monkey ow u yellow sparrowtomorrow 元音字组在非重读音节中读音或 1. 例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee -sion -tion n impression nation -sion在元音字母后 n vision decision occasion -tion在s后 tn question suggestion -sten sn listen -stle sl whistle castle -sure pleasure measure -ture t picture culture 八,元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音 复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读 音节拼读规则拼读. 例如: everyday e1 handbag blackboard : 有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词. 其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音. 例如: sun太阳 + daye1日子 Sunday1 星期天 holy神圣 + daye1日子 holiday1 假日 break中断 + fast:斋戒 breakfast 早餐 cup茶杯 + board木板: cupboard 碗柜 九,辅字组的读音 辅音字母组 读 音 例 词 b b bike bus bag / bomb tomb c k cake picture coat music 在 e前或在i/y前 s face decide cinema ch t much chick rich teacher k school headache chemistry machine-ck k cock pocket black knock d d doctor bread hand day -dge d bridge fridge dr- dr children driver drink -ds dz stands floods goods f f five four breakfast g g bag gardon go 在e i/y前 d orange large German gh f cough enough / light daughter high gu- -gue gu在非重读音节中 g guess league dialogue gw language anguish h h hot head house hand / hour honest j d jeep jar joke join July k k kind bike skate make week kn- n knife know knock l l life milk school tall m m monkey come autumn -mn m autumn column n n not shine ten note 在k/ g音前 uncle thank hungry -ng morning young wrong p p paper plane pig ship pen ph f elephant photo telephone q k Iraq qu- kw quality quite r r red rubber ruler s在词首或清辅音前 s sit sleep desk元音字母间或浊辅音前 z music husband sc- sk scarlet school s muscle science sh she fish shirt wash t在通常情况下 t ten letter meet 在弱读字母ia ie io前 patient nation th在通常情况下 thin thirty method在冠词 代词 介词 连词中 the these with than在词尾-the -ther中 clothe father weather tr- tr tree traincountry truck ts ts sports parts v v veryvoice love leave w w week win wake sweet wait / answer two wh- wh-在字母o前 w what when white why h who whose whole x 在重读元音前 ks box text exercise gzexamle exist exact wr- r write y- j yes yard yellow young z z puzzle zero zoo 重读音节 单词中读音特别响亮的音节.用音标标记双音节,多音节词的读音时,应使用重读符号.单音节词多数是重读音节,标记读音时不需要使用重读符号. 开音节 绝对开音节:单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节.例如:no blue ba-by stu-dent se-cret.