必修2 unit5 知识点.ppt

folk:n.人们，家人(pl.)，双亲(pl.)；大伙儿(pl.)；adj.民间的，通俗的folkdance民族舞蹈，土风舞folkmusic民间音乐folksinger民歌手，民谣歌手folksong民歌，民谣Somefolk/folksaretooshytospeakinfrontofpeople.Iamgoinghometoseemyfolks.我打算回家看望我的父母。Well,folks,shallwegooutthisafternoon?唔,各位,今天下午我们出去吗?youngfolk/fisherfolk/farmingfolk年轻人/渔民/农民,match:n.对手；火柴；比赛；相似/相配之物v.相配；和.相配；相一致；较量aboxofmatchesstrikeamatchabasketballmatchTheblueshirtandgraytieareagoodmatch.蓝衬衫和灰色领带很相称。Thatshirtisaperfectmatchforyourblueskirt.Thatshirtandyourblueskirtareaperfectmatch.那件衬衫和你的蓝裙子完全相配。,Imreadytomatchmystrengthagainstyours.我已经准备好与你较量力气。Thecarpetsshouldmatchthecurtains.Yourtieshouldmatchyourshirt.你的领带要与衬衫相配。Thetwopiecesoffurnituredontmatch.那两件家具不搭配。Youcantmatchhiminknowledgeofwildplants.在对野生植物的了解方面,你无法与他相比。NoonecanmatchHoldenwhenitcomestowinninganargument.Matchtheanimalpicturestothecorrectsounds.把动物图片与正确的声音相配对。,match和相匹配；和相称suit指花色，款式，口味，性格，条件，时间、地位等适合fit大小形状适合eg.Rosesclothesandhatdontmatch.罗丝的衣服和帽子不协调。eg.Doesthetimesuityou?这个时间对你合适吗？eg.Thenewshoesfitmewell.这双鞋我穿着合适。,rollv打滚，转动，使摇摆eg.Thedonkeyrolledonthegroundn卷，卷轴arollof一卷rollover打滚，翻身rollin滚滚而来Thewavesrolledintothebeach.波浪滚滚涌上海滩。Sheisrollinginmoney.她非常有钱。rollup卷起;到达；出现Rollinguphistrousers,heworkedwiththeothersinthefields.Werolleduptothefrontporch.我们坐车抵达前门廊。rollby逝去，流逝Theyearsrolledby.岁月流逝。,dreamof=dreamabout梦想；梦见；设想eg.Whenshewasalittlegirl,shedreamofbecomingadancer.dreamthat梦想;梦见dreamadream做了的梦dreamsthaway虚度（时间）；梦一样的过日子dreamsthup凭空想出；虚拟出onesdreamhascometrue.=onehasrealizedhis/herdream.某人梦想成真。eg.IneverdreamedthatIwouldseeyouagain.我没有想到会再次见到你。单词拓展：dreamern梦想家，空想家dreamlandn梦境，幻想世界dreamlessadj无梦的dreamlikeadj如梦的，梦幻的,pretendv自诩，自认为（常用于否定句和疑问句中）eg.IdontpretendthatIknowmuchaboutthesubject.我不认为我对这个主题很了解。假装thatclause假装todosth假装做某事Pretend+tobedoingsth假装正在做某事tohavedonesth假装已经做了某事sth假装eg.Severalyoungmenpretendedtobepolicemen,butwerecaughtatlast.几个年轻人假装是警察，最后被抓了。eg.WhenIcamein,hepretendedtobetyping.我进来时他假装正在打字。eg.Myparentspretendnottohaveknowntheresultyet.我父母假装还不知道结果。类似用法：seem/appear/happen,tobehonest说实在的，坦白的说（用作插入语，多用于句首）behonestwithsb对某人说实话behonestaboutsth对某事持诚实的态度behonestindoingsth在做某事方面诚实eg.Imquitehonestwithyou.我对你说的是实话.Youshouldbehonestaboutwhyyouwantthemoney.你应该坦率地说为什么要这些钱。插入语：tobefrank坦白的说=franklyspeakingtobefrankwithyou对你说实话totellyouthetruth说实话=tobehonest/honestlyspeakinggenerallyspeaking一般来说,attachtosth.认为有（重要性，责任等）importance认为重要significancetosth认为有意义attachvalue认为有价值weight认为有分量Weshouldattachimportancetoreadingcomprehension.我们必须重视阅读理解。Youshouldattachimportancetowhathesaid.你必须重视他所说的话.附上，贴上，系上attachsthtosth把某物固定在或附在某物上Heattachedlabelstohisluggage.Attachastamptotheenvelopandmailit.Theflagisattachedtoapole.Heattachedhissignaturetothecontract.他在合同书上签字。,beattachedto附属于；喜欢；迷恋ThisinstituteisattachedtotheUniversityofTexas.这个研究所附属于德州大学。Thehospitalisattachedtothatuniversity.IamattachedtospokenEnglish.attachoneselfto和在一起，缠着HeattachedhimselftomeatthepartyandIcouldntgetridofhim.在聚会上他总是缠着我，我简直无法摆脱他。Heattachedhimselftotheuniversitywhereheworkednearlythirtyyears.他对那所大学依依不舍,因为他在那里工作了差不多30年。attachtosb/sth与某人/某事物有关联Noblameattachestohimfortheaccident.此次意外不应怪罪于他。,formvt.vi.形成，构成；养成，想出，培养n.形状，外形；表格formthehabitof养成的习惯fill(in)theform填表格intheformof以的形式in(good)form情况良好,健康状况良好in(bad)form情况不好beoutofform处于不良状态taketheformof采取的形式，以的形式呈现单词拓展：formaladj正式的，形式的informaladj非正式的formallyadv形式地，正式地formlessadj无规定形式的formeradj以前的，前者的lattern.adj.后者,earnvt.挣钱；获得，赢得,博得earningsn.薪水，工资earnmoney=makemoney挣钱earnones/aliving=makeones/aliving谋生Edisonearnedhislivingbysellingnewspaperswhenhewasyoung.Sheearnsagoodsalary.Hisachievementsearnedrespectandadmirationforhim.他的成就使他受人尊敬和钦佩。Hisfairdealingearnedourconfidence.他待人公正,赢得了我们的信任。,medicalinstruments医疗仪器musicalinstruments乐器performvt.vi.上演，扮演；完成，做，履行，实行；运转，表现正常功能performancen.上演，实行，履行；成果，成绩performern.表演者，演奏者，行为者performapartinaplay在剧中扮演角色performonespromise履行诺言performonesduty尽职责performanoperation做手术performanexperiment做实验give/putonaperformance举行一场演出Moststudentsperformedverypoorlyeventhoughtheyhadtakenthetestbefore.尽管他们参加过这个测试，大多数学生还是考的很差。,Thepianistgaveafineperformance.Hisperformanceintheexamswasnotverygood.他考得不很好。Heisexcellentintheperformanceofhisduties.他的工作表现极为出色。incash用现金bycheque/check用支票bycreditcard用信用卡合成名词，将主体词变为复数形式。若没有主要名词，则通常在最后一个词加s：passer(s)-by（过路人）brother(s)-in-law（姐夫）sister(s)-in-law（嫂子）fathers-in-law岳父grown-ups(成年人)letter-boxes(信箱)shoe-makers鞋匠lookers-on旁观者go-betweens中间人，媒人,Playjokesonsb=playajokeonsbplaytricksonsb=playatrickonsb开某人的玩笑，戏弄某人（通常是善意的）makefunofsb=laughatsb嘲笑某人，取笑某人有关joke的短语：telljokes讲笑话makeajoke/jokesaboutsth拿开玩笑relyon=relyupondependon=dependuponcounton=countupon依赖，依靠；信任，信赖It(just/all)depends.那要看情况而定。,relyonitthat.相信，指望relyonsb/sth依赖信赖某人relyonsb/sthtodosth依赖信赖做某事relyonsb/sthdoingsth依赖做某事relyonsb/sthforsth依赖提供某物你可以相信她不会迟到。Youmayrelyonitthatshewontbelate.=Youmayrelyonhernotbeinglate.=Youmayrelyonhernottobelate.Youmaynotrelyontheweatherreport.Youcanrelyonhim.=Hecanbereliedon.Wecantrelyonherforhelp.,familiaradj.熟悉的，通晓的；熟知的befamiliarwith熟悉befamiliartosb.为某人所熟知Lucy.通晓英语。LucyisfamiliarwithEnglish.我熟悉这首歌。Thissongisfamiliartome.=Iamfamiliarwiththissong.orso大约；左右；上下(位于数词后）大约：about,around,some位于数词之前。Ittookushalfayearorsotocompletetheproject.大约5元钱about/around/somefiveyuan=fiveyuanorso,breakup分解，拆开（多指物理变化），破碎Sentencescanbebrokenupintoclauses.Breakupanoldship.Whendoestheicebreakupontheriver?河里的冰什么时候融化?驱散，解散Thepolicecameandbrokeupthesurroundingpeople.Themeetingbrokeup.（学期）结束，放假；Thistermhasalreadybrokenup.Whendoesyourschoolbreakup?（关系）毁坏，破坏，结束，终止，分手Theirmarriagehasbrokenup.Whatbrokeuptheirfriendship?,breakdown（机械等）故障，毁坏Thebridge/car/telephonebrokedown.(身体)出毛病，健康衰弱Yourhealthwillbreakdownifyouworktoohard.如果你过分辛劳,会把身体搞垮。Theoldmanshealthbrokedownafteraseriousillness.那位老人生一场大病后,健康衰退了。(计划等)失败Ourplanshavebrokendown.Hisplanbrokedownwhenitwasputintopracticebecausehehadnotgivenenoughattentiontodetails.（情绪失去控制的）崩溃，情不自禁地哭起来Shebrokedownatthenewsofhermothersdeath.瓦解（多指化学过程）分解Sugarandstarcharebrokendowninthestomach.糖和淀粉在胃里被分解。,breakinto破门而入;突然开始（笑、唱）breakintoourhousebreakintoloudapplause爆发出热烈的掌声breakintolaughter/tearsbreakin闯入（vi词组）；插话，打断Dontbreakinwhenheistellingthestory.WewerewatchingTVwhenhebrokein.breakawayfrom脱离Thecriminalbrokeawayfromthepolicemenwhowereholdinghim.HebrokeawayfromhisfamilyandhasgonetoliveinAustralia.,breakintopieces破成碎片breakonesword/promise不守诺言，食言breakthrough突破Thestrikersstruggledtobreakthroughthepoliceline.Thesunbrokethroughtheclouds.Scientiststhinktheyhavebrokenthroughintheirfightagainstcancer.breakout突然爆发（vi词组)Afirebrokeoutduringthemidnightandsoonthewholebuildingwasinflames.breakoff断开；折断,停顿，中断Manybranchesbrokeoffinthestrongwind.Marybrokeoffsomeofthechocolatetogivetothechildren.,Inaddition另外，也（可单独用于句首，通常用逗号与句子分开，也可用于句末，不用逗号）此外，而且：inaddition/whatsmore/moreover/futhermoreinadditionto=aswellas;besides除了之外还Helikesswimming.Inaddition,healsolikesskating.他喜欢游泳。另外，他也喜欢滑冰。Inadditiontoswimming,shelikestennis.除游泳外，她还喜欢打网球。inadditionto.除以外还aswellas.还；既又；也besides.除之外(包括在内)；况且；此外except.除之外(不包括在内)exceptfor.除之外(强调美中不足)exceptthat.除了(后跟从句)apartfrom.除之外,sortout分类，整理；解决Shespentawholeafternoonsortingoutherstamps.她花了整整一个下午整理邮票。Ifyoumixupthosepapers,itwillbedifficultforyoutosortthemout.如果你弄乱了这些文件,你将很难将它们分类整理好.Hewouldsortouthisownproblems,intime.他早晚会解决自己的问题。拓展：asortof一种acheapsortofpaperallsortsof各种各样的sortof=kindof有几分，有点（放在修饰的v,adj,adv之前）Isortofthoughtthismighthappen.我多少猜到了这件事会发生。,hitn.受欢迎的事物Hisnovelwasagreathit.他的小说很受欢迎。Yourplaywillsurelybecomeahit.Thesongisoneofthehitsoftheyear.这是今年最受欢迎的歌曲之一。pickout挑出，辨认出Itseasytopickhimoutinacrowdbecauseheisverytall.很容易从人群中辨认出他，因为他个子很高。Letspickoutthebadpotatoesfromthebasket.让我们把坏掉的土豆从篮子里挑出来.,confidentadj自信的confidencen.about/ofsth对有信心beconfidentthat对有信心in在方面充满信心他有信心能赢得比赛。Heisconfidentofwinningtherace.=Heisconfidentthatshewillwintherace.Heisconfidentinhisabilitytoachievesuccess.他坚信自己有能力取得成功。与about相连的词组：becrazy/curious/careful/particularabout对痴迷/好奇/小心/挑剔,knockintosb.撞到某人身上，偶遇，撞上feeldown感到沮丧；情绪消沉onatour在游览，在参观,在巡回演出briefadj.暂时的，简短的n摘要，概要总之inbrief/inshort/ina/onewordallinall/tobebrief简单说;扼要地说tobebriefwithyouabrieflife短暂的一生abriefsummaryofthestory故事的简略大意Hisexplanationwasbriefandtothepoint.他的说明既简洁又切中问题要点。,devotionn.挚爱，关爱；奉献，忠诚(+tosth./todoingsth.)devote.to(doing)sth.vt.bedevotedto(doing)sth.adj.Hisdevotiontohiswifeandfamilyistouching.Herdevotiontothejobleftherwithverylittlefreetime.aninvitationtotheparty参加晚会的邀请gowrong出错，发生故障,sensitiveadj.敏感的；灵敏的；易受伤害的besensitiveto对敏感的；对体贴的besensitiveabout对神经过敏的，易生气的Myteetharereallysensitive_hotandcold.我的牙齿对冷热非常敏感。Nurseshavetobesensitive_patientsneeds.护士必须善于体察病人的需要。Sheisverysensitive_herweight.她对自己的体重非常的敏感。辨析：sensibleadj明智的，理智的,to,to,about,Whatif如果会什么样？（紧张的态度）即使又有什么关系（不在乎的态度）howcome?怎么回事