三拐曲轴加工工艺及夹具设计【铣键槽】【说明书+CAD】
收藏
资源目录
压缩包内文档预览:(预览前20页/共42页)
编号:75989524
类型:共享资源
大小:2.96MB
格式:ZIP
上传时间:2020-04-26
上传人:柒哥
认证信息
个人认证
杨**(实名认证)
湖南
IP属地:湖南
20
积分
- 关 键 词:
-
铣键槽
说明书+CAD
曲轴
加工
工艺
夹具
设计
键槽
说明书
CAD
- 资源描述:
-
三拐曲轴加工工艺及夹具设计【铣键槽】【说明书+CAD】,铣键槽,说明书+CAD,曲轴,加工,工艺,夹具,设计,键槽,说明书,CAD
- 内容简介:
-
机械加工工艺规划实施绿色制造技术The machining process planning and implementation of green manufacturing technology一:绿色加工技术Fist: green processing technology机械制造中的绿色加工技术包含以下若干方面。一,是减少物料资源(如实体;原材料、辅助原材料)消耗的技术;二,是如何使用清洁或可再生能源的技术;三,是如何降低能耗的技术;四,是废弃物的再生与利用技术;五,是减少有害废弃物和排放物的技术。将上述绿色技术具体运用于零件制造工艺技术中,就形成零件的绿色加工技术体系。Green machining technology of the machinery includes the following several aspects. fist, it is to reduce the material resource consumption of the auxiliary raw materials in (such as entity; raw materials)Technology; Second, how the use of clean and renewable energy technologies; Three, it is how to reduce the energy consumption of technology; Four, it is a waste of regeneration and utilization of technology; five, it is to reduce the harmful waste and emissions technology. There will be the green technology concrete application in parts manufacturing process technology, forming part of green processing technology system.二:绿色制造工艺规划技术国内外研究现状Second: green manufacturing process planning technology research status at home and abroad绿色工艺规划问题从本质上说就是一种关于决策的问题,它是绿色制造的重要组成部分,绿色工艺规划虽然是以传统的工艺技术为基础,但是它结合了材料科学、控制技术、表面技术等新技术,是一种现代工艺规划方法,它重点在于考虑制造加工过程的环境影响和资源消耗问题,其目的是通过对制造加工工艺方法,规划设计和过程的优化选择,制定出绿色工艺实施方案,从而提高原材料的利用率,减少能源的消耗。降低零件制造成本,减少废弃物的产生,因此,绿色工艺规划技术是一种专门用于解决产品制造加工过程中资源消耗和环境问题的方法。绿色制造中急需解决的关键技术之一就是基于绿色制造的机械加工工艺规划问题,即产品加工过程中的废物流及其影响问题。它在国际上受到了各方面的高度重视。Green process planning problem in essence is a kind of questions about the decision, it is an important part of the green manufacturing, while green process planning is based on the traditional technology, but it is a combination of materials science, control technology and surface technology, new technology,which is a modern process planning method, it is focused on considering environmental impact and resource consumption problem in the process of manufacturing processes, the purpose is to through to the manufacturing process method, planning and design and optimal selection of the process, developing green technology implementation, so as to improve the utilization rate of raw materials, reducing energy consumption. Parts manufacturing to reduce costs, reducing the production of waste, as a result, the green process planning technology is a dedicated to solve product manufacturing resource consumption and environmental problems in the process of machining method. Urgently needed to be solved during green manufacturing is one of the key technology of machining process planning based on green manufacturing problems, namely the waste streams and effect problem in the process of product processing. It attaches great importance to by all aspects in the world.在国外,如美国的NSF/ARPA机床敏捷制造研究所(MTAMR工)曾联合其他4所。著名高校:加利福尼亚大学Berkeley分校(UCB),伊利诺斯州立大学(UIUC)!密执根技术大学(MTU),内布拉斯加州立大学(UN)于1995年设立了“环境意识机床系统”的重大研究课题,制定了各阶段的短期目标和长期的目标,开展工艺规划方面的研究,此项课题将机床系统看成一个I/0系统,系统的输入(I)为切削速度,切削深度,进给速度等可控参数;输出(0)为切削废液、切削热、磨损刀具和报废的机床等,系统目标为利润、成本、时间和工件精度等,该课题还对与环境意识机床加工系统有关的切屑的形态学、切削液系统、运动学及动力学机理、机床寿命性能、刀具磨损、切削热的生成和传递机理、健康毒性评价以及非传统加工系统的废物流特性等进行了研究,用户通过国际互联网登陆(Login)本软件接口界面(Interface),在其中输入加工参数、应用方法、切削液的类型,现场因素等参数,并向CFEST确认提交CFEST系统将处理结果以图形或超文本的方式反馈给用户,其输出结果主要是一些量化数据,其中包括切削液的环境影响、工艺性能、健康与安全毒性打分、采购和使用成本等的量化数据,CFEST是一个包括UCB的健康与安全毒性评价模块!MTU开发的工艺性能模块和U工UC开发的切削液处理影响模块的分布而又集成的软件原型,该软件目前只对键削浸泡式、车削浸泡式、喷射式和攻丝等四种加工方式的切削液进行评价,对于处于不同地理位置的软件模块,可由UIUC开发的数据传输机制通过工nternet向其传输数据。 In foreign countries, such as the United States NSF/ARPA agile manufacturing machine tool research institute (MTAMR workers) have joined other 4. Famous university: university of California at Berkeley (UCB), the university of Illinois (UIUC)! Technology university of Michigan (MTU), university of Nebraska (UN) in 1995 set up a major research topic in the environmental consciousness of machine tool system, set in different stages of the short-term goals and long-term goals and process planning aspects of the study, the subject machine system as an I / 0, the system input (I) as the cutting speed, cutting depth, feed speed; controllable parameters, such as the output (0) for cutting waste, cutting heat, wear and tear And scrap machine tools, the system target for profit, cost, time and precision of workpiece, the subject is related to environmental awareness machine tool machining system chip morphology, cutting fluid system, kinematics and dynamics of mechanism, machine tools performance, tool wear, cutting heat generation and transfer mechanism, toxicity of health evaluation and the characteristics of waste streams of non-traditional machining system is studied, such as, the user Login (Login) this software through the Internet interfaces (Interface), in which the input processing parameters, application method, the type of cutting fluid, the factors such as parameters, and shall submit to CFEST confirm CFEST system will process the results feedback to the user, in the form of graphics or hypertext its output is mainly some quantitative data, including the environmental impact of cutting fluid, process performance, health and safety, toxicity grade, procurement and use of quantitative data, such as the cost , CFEST is a health and safety including UCB toxicity evaluation module! MTU development process performance of the module and U work UC cutting fluid processing affect the distribution of the module and integrated software prototype, the software is only for key cut immersion, turning immersion, jet and tapping and other four kinds of processing way to evaluate cutting fluid, for software modules in the different geographical position, can be developed by UIUC data transmission mechanism through work nternet to transmit data .与此同时,美国国家清洁工业和处理技术中心(CenCITT)为了便于长期支持环境意识制造方面课题的研究。专门设立了环境意识制造的技术专题:如J.W.Sutherland承担的环境意识制造,离散产品加工过程中的废物流分析课题,该项目利用决策工具对工艺的废物流进行预测,其目标是通过研究产品制造过程中的废物流特性。提出废物流更小的工艺方法。 At the same time, the national clean industrial and processing center (CenCITT) to facilitate the long-term support environmental consciousness manufacturing research. set up special environmental consciousness of manufacturing technology projects: such as J.W.S utherland assume the environmental consciousness of manufacturing, waste flow analysis in the process of discrete product processing. subject, the program using decision making tools to process waste streams to forecast, the goal is through studying the characteristics of the waste stream in the process of product manufacturing. Less waste streams process method is put forward.隶属于Berkeley加州大学的绿色设计与制造联盟从事绿色制造方面的研究工作积累了长期的经验,在绿色工艺方面做了次量的研究。他们提出了一种-基于特征的绿色工艺规划方法,建立了一种面向绿色制造的切削加工分析模型、并对切削液的健康毒性评价等进行了较为深入的研究。Affiliated with the university of California, Berkeley alliance for a green design and manufacturing in the fields of green manufacturing research work has accumulated experience for a long time, do the research of the amount of the time in green technology. They proposed a - green process planning method based on feature, for green manufacturing were also built a analysis model of machining process, and to the health of cutting fluid toxicity evaluation and so on has carried on the thorough research.国内的一些高校和科研院所也对面向绿色制造的工艺规划问题进行了初探,并紧密跟踪国外的研究进展,取得了较好的成果。Some domestic universities and research institutes also to the problem of process planning for green manufacturing has carried on the preliminary study, and closely track the foreign research progress, good results have been achieved.重庆大学刘飞教授及其研究团队于1999一2000年期间在国家863/cIMs的资助下。一直从事与基于绿色制造工艺规划方面直接相关的制造系统物能资源节约、机械加工能量特性等方面的探索。尤其在绿色制造工艺规划方法及实用技术研究课题中,该研究团队对压力加工、切削加工、铸造、焊接、特种加工、热处理、覆盖层、装配与包装等9个工艺大类中的一些典型工艺的资源属性和环境特性做了大量深入而细致的工作,对面向绿色制造的工艺规划中的工艺参数优化、工艺种类选择、单工件多机床的节能调度等关键技术进行了初步的研究和探索,并初步建立了一个关于绿色制造工艺数据库和知识库的原型系统。chongqing university professors Liufei and his research team in 1999 during a 2000 in the national 863 / cIMs.Funding. Have been engaged in and based on green manufacturing process planning is directly related to the content of manufacturing system resources To save energy, mechanical processing characteristics of exploration. Especially in the green manufacturing process planning method and practical Technology research topic, the research team of pressure processing, machining, casting, welding, special processing,Heat treatment, coating, assembly and packing and so on nine categories of some typical processes of the resource properties and ring Habitat characteristics done a lot of in-depth and meticulous work, the process planning for green manufacturing process parameters optimizationType selection, process, key technology such as simplex a machine more energy-efficient scheduling has carried on the preliminary research and exploration Preliminary established, and a prototype system about green manufacturing process database and knowledge base .除了重庆大学外,国内的清华大学、上海交通大学、华中科技大学,同济大学、合肥工业大学、机械科学研究院等在内的国内其他单位也开展了一些与面向绿色制造工艺相关的研究工作。近年来,一批专门从事绿色制造研究的科研团队已经形成,随之大量的研究性学术论文和学术专著得到发表或出版,有关技术手册和标准也收录了绿色设计与制造方面的技术。2000年第9期5中国机械工程6杂志曾出版了绿色制造专辑论文。In addition to the chongqing university, tsinghua university, Shanghai jiao tong university, huazhong university of science and technology, tongji universityScience, hefei university of technology, mechanical science research institute, the domestic other units also carried out some and oriented Green manufacturing process related research work. in recent years, a number of specialized in green manufacturing research team has been formed, with a large number of research papers and monographs published or print, the related technical manual and the standard also includes green design and manufacturing technology. 5. 9th 2000 Chinese journal of mechanical engineering 6 had published a green manufacturing album paper.三:绿色制造及其相关技术的研究具有的意义:Three: the meaning of green manufacturing and its related technology research 1;绿色制造是人类社会可持续发展的必然需求,具有重大社会效益.2;绿色制造也将是21世纪企业取得显著经济效益的机遇.3;国际环境管理标准的提出,更增添了企业对绿色制造的需求.4;绿色制造的实施将为我国企业消除国际绿色贸易壁垒提供有力支撑.5;绿色制造的实施将推动一大批新兴产业的形成,包括绿色产品制造产业,实施绿色制造的软件产业.1; Green manufacturing is the inevitable demand of the sustainable development of human society, has significant social benefits.2; Green manufacturing is the 21st century enterprise has made significant economic benefit opportunities.3; International environmental management standards, more added enterprise demand for green manufacturing.4. The implementation of green manufacturing for our country enterprise international green trade barriers to provide strong support.5; The implementation of green manufacturing will promote the formation of a large number of emerging industries, including creates green product manufacturing, the implementation of green manufacturing software industry.企业实施绿色制造,需要大量实施工具和软件产品,如计算机辅助绿色设计系统、绿色工艺规划系统、绿色制造的决策支撑系统、15014000国际认证的支撑系统等。将会推动一类新兴软件产业的形成。Entprises to implement green manufacturing, need a lot of implementation of tools and software products, such as computer aided system of green design, green, green manufacturing process planning system of decision support system of 15014000 international certification, support system and so on. Will promote the formation of a kind of emerging software industry.因此绿色制造是具有重要社会效益和经济效益的国际技术前沿,具有非常重要的研究意义和应用前景,绿色制造的研究内容体系涉及产品整个生命周期的所有问题,主要是五绿问题的集成,即绿色设计、绿色材料、绿色工艺、绿色包装、绿色处理问题的集成,因此绿色工艺技术是绿色制造研究和实施的重要内容之一。 Therefore, green manufacturing is a important social benefits and economic benefits of the international forefront of technology, it is a very important research significance and application prospect of the research content of green manufacturing system involves the product whole life cycle of all problems, mainly five green problems of integration, namely, green design, green material, green technology, green packing, green and deal with the problem of integration, so the green technology is one of the important contents of the research and implementation of green manufacturing.湖南科技大学本科毕业设计实习报告毕业来领之际,指导老师带领我们去参加了最后一次的实习,作为一名即将毕业踏入社会的大学生,这次实习就像是上台前的最后一次彩排,这次实习的目的老师之前就给我们说明白了,希望我们能够从他们公司的加工过程中学习以此来改进自己所设计的加工工艺和夹具设计,这期间的领悟不言而喻,对我的经验也更加丰富了一次。1 实习经历由于此次实习是为了帮助我们更好的完成毕业设计和以后的工作需要,我们一方面主要去学习怎样去确定相关零件的加工工艺过程和夹具方案的确定。另一方面曲轴的材料选择,根据三拐曲轴工作时要承受很大的转矩及交变的弯曲应力,容易产生扭振、折断及轴颈磨损。因此要求用材应较高的强度、冲击韧度、疲劳强度和耐磨性。常用材料有35、40、45钢或球墨铸铁QT6002;对于高速、重载曲轴,可采用40Cr、42Mn2V等材料。本设计采用球墨铸铁QT6002,查表2.2-30可知其拉伸强度为600mpa,屈服强度为412mpa硬度为229302HB。曲轴的毛坯根据批量大小、尺寸、结构及材料品种来决定。批量较大的小型曲轴采用模锻;单件小批的中大型曲轴采用自用锻造;而对于球墨铸铁材料则采用铸造毛坯。基于这两个方面的考虑,首先我便是怎样确定我的曲轴加工工艺过程,而确定工艺过程之前则是确定好毛坯图。年生产纲领为20万,故该曲轴为大批量生产。查询机械加工工艺手册第一卷,表3-1,选用金属砂型铸造,公差等级为812,去公差等级CT10,铸造尺寸公差数值取1,查表3-3.可知单边余量数值取4.0。双边余量取3.0。机械加工余量等级在E-G,取F级。毛坯图如图1.1所示:图1 .1 三拐曲轴毛坯图确定好毛坯后则是按加工精度要求合理安排各道工序的加工余量及各到工序如表1所示。表1 曲轴的机械加工工艺过程卡工序号工序名称工序内容工艺装备1铸铸造2清砂清砂3热处理人工时效处理,消除内应力。4清洗清理铸造后遗留的残留物5涂漆非加工表面涂红色防锈漆6铣经两主轴径部分定位压紧,分别铣两个端面保证总长尺寸270mm,铣两端面,便于钻孔时保证基准的精度。X62W(端铣),YG8硬质合金面铣刀7钻孔钻主轴颈中心孔,钻连杆轴颈中心孔,共四对中心孔便于后续加工定位。Z8205型平端面中心孔钻床8检验检查中心孔的位置误差是否在容许范围内。专用检测装置9车削粗车三个连杆轴颈,留余量2.5mmCK3325/1数控卧式车床,硬质合金外圆车刀YG6 续表2.2工序号工序名称工序内容工艺装备10车削精车三个连杆轴颈,留余量0.5mmCK3325/1数控卧式车床,硬质合金外圆车刀YG611磨磨削三个连杆轴颈外圆24mmM1320型外圆磨床 砂轮12车削粗车外圆31,28,26,留加工余量2.5粗车外圆38至32。CK3325/1数控卧式车床,硬质合金外圆车刀YG613车削精车外圆22.50-0.033,27.50-0.033,24.50-0.033,留余量0.5mmCK3325/1数控卧式车床,硬质合金外圆车刀YG614磨磨各外圆20.50-0.033,25.50-0.033,22.50-0.033至图纸相应尺寸。M1320型外圆磨床 砂轮15车削车掉两端工艺搭子CK3325/1数控卧式车床,硬质合金外圆车刀YG616车削车两端面保证两端面距离215CK3325/1数控卧式车床,硬质合金外圆车刀YG617铣铣键槽以两轴径定位装夹工件铣6mm3.5mm键槽X62型立式铣床,YG8硬质合金面铣刀18磨床按图纸相应要求倒出相应的圆角和倒角M1320型外圆磨床 砂轮19钳修锉飞刺20检验按图样检验工件各部尺寸精度21入库涂油入库对于曲轴工装部分,选择铣端面键槽夹具设计,夹具部分主要有定位和夹紧构成,故首先应确定工件的定位与夹紧机构。1.1定位元件及夹紧方案1.1.1 定位机构的选择位面是主轴颈中心线和右端面,故夹具的定位元件采用两个V型块和一个支撑架以及右端挡块。由机械加工工艺手册知,该加工要求不高,其V型的此存选择如下:其中选择V型块的型号选择如下:N=32,D=25,L=70,B=32,H=25,A1=12,A2=15,b=12,l=10,d1=9,d2=15,h=8,h1=14。1.1.2工件夹紧形式的确定 (1)夹紧既不应破坏工件的定位,或产生过大的夹紧变形,又要有足够的夹紧力,防止工件在加工中产生振动; (2)足够的夹紧行程,夹紧动作迅速,操纵方便、安全省力; (3)手动夹紧机构要有可靠的自锁性,机动夹紧装置要统筹考虑夹紧的自锁性和原动力的稳定性; (4)结构应尽量简单紧凑,制造、维修方便根据以上分析,键槽加工用压板形式夹紧形式夹紧。1.1.3夹紧方案的选择 图1.2 铣键槽装配图一 图1.3 铣键槽装配经过初步确定有两种压紧方式可供选择,如图1.2与1.3所示;第一种如图1.2所示为利用两个液压夹紧,方案二如图1.3所示,采用一个液压缸通过一个长导杆来达到同时定位,通过仔细比较,如选用第二种方案,考虑到加工中可能产生一端夹紧而另一端处于浮动状态这样可能直接导致加工的零件出现未夹紧状态,因此通过比较分析知,选择第一种方案,通过两个液压缸,分别夹紧,充分保证夹紧的要求。2 实习感悟开始实习之初,由于对工作这方面的了解尚少,多少的我总会有些心虚。因为我的许多朋友都有过假期打工的经历。而作为一名机械专业的学生,、要认真准时地完成自己的工作任务,不能草率敷衍了事,我们肩上扛着的责任,不再只是对自己了,而是对一个公司,所以凡是都要小心谨慎。一切来得那么无情,但是去必须适应。踏上了社会我们开始与形形色色的人打交道,由于存在着利益关系,很多时刻同事不会像同学一样嘘寒问暖,而现在所能做的,只有在怀念中适应变化的一切。让我最深刻的话恐怕就是大家所说的,“在大学里学的不是知识而是一种叫自学的能力”。 当我真正走上工作岗位时才深刻的体会到这句话的含义,除了机械制图,英语,CAD,proe和计算机操作外,课本上学的理论用的很少,我担任的助理一职平时做些画图,有时觉得没有太多挑战性,而同公司的设计部门人员就大部不一样了,他们不得不以自学尽快掌握新知识,迎接一个一个新的挑战,如果他们之靠在学校中学到的知识肯定是不行的。我们必须工作中勤于动手,不断学习新知识积累经验,没有自学能力的人迟早会被企业和社会淘汰。我最大的感悟就是真诚所至,金石为开。不管多难做,做好自己的那一份,总有一天会有收获,只是时间的问题。但如果你不去做,这一天永远不会像天上掉馅饼那样到来。就像士兵突击中的许三多,从泥巴到尖子只是做与不做的区别。另外,人际关系的处理也很关键,虽说在工作中能力必须有,但如果没有同事的合作与包容,你可能什么都做不了。以前可能是因为电视剧看的太多的原因,我总是感觉职场上充满了明争暗斗,要处事圆滑甚至耍些小聪明才能生存。但在与同事相处的过程中,我觉得更重要的是放大别人的优点,缩小别人的缺点。多站在别人的立场上想问题。还有就是坚持不懈的重要性。也许是受阿甘正传作品的影响。再加上实习中自己的感悟。我觉得,整个人生有因就有果。只有做好身边的每一件小事,才能得到所谓的善果。针对大学生眼高手低的特点更应重视坚持的重要性。也许我们所不在意的一件小事,就是我们的一个机会。要想长成参天大树就要靠坚持靠积累。针对助理的职业特点,具体遇到挫折时不妨从调整心态来疏解压力,并进行冷静复习,从客观、主观、目标、环境、条件等方面找出受挫的原因,总之,通过这些感悟,我
- 温馨提示:
1: 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
2: 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
3.本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

人人文库网所有资源均是用户自行上传分享,仅供网友学习交流,未经上传用户书面授权,请勿作他用。