Unit 1 汽车专业英语(车辆的种类、汽车基本结构)

UnitoneAutomobileBasics,.,Contents,Pre-questions,II.TextExplanation,III.Exercises,.,TypesofModernAutomobiles1）cars2）passengercars3）trucks4）tractorsandvehiclecombination5）specialtypevehicle6）Self-dumpingcar7）farmvehicle8)off-roadvehicle,Pre-questions,.,Specialvehicle,car,Tractor,Truck,PassengerCars,.,2、withrespecttoenginearrangementanddrivingtype,Pre-questions,.,Doyouknowwhobuiltthefirstcarintheworldandwhen?KarlBenzIn1886,Pre-questions,.,Howmanymainpartsdoestheautomobileconsistof?,1-engine,2-chassis,3-body,4-electricalsystem,Pre-questions,.,NewWordsandNewWordsandExpressions,componentkmpunntn.成分，组成，部件，零件chassissin.底盘transmissiontrnzminn.变速器，传动,传动系统，传送，发射igniteignaitv.点火,点燃suspensionsspennn.悬架，悬挂,.,NewWordsandNewWordsandExpressions,spark-ignitionengine点燃式发动机compression-ignitionengine压燃式发动机storagebattery蓄电池ignitioncoil点火线圈powertrain传动系，动力装置propellershaft传动轴(=driveshaft),.,SectionATheBasicComponentsofanAutomobileTodaysaveragecarcontainsmorethan15,000separate,individualpartsthatmustworktogether.Thesepartscanbegroupedintofourmajorcategories:engine,body,chassisandelectricalequipments.,.,EngineTheengineactsasthepowerunit.Theinternalcombustionengineismostcommon:thisobtainsitspowerbyburningaliquidfuelinsidetheenginecylinder.Therearetwotypesofengine:gasoline(alsocalledaspark-ignitionengine)anddiesel(alsocalledacompression-ignitionengine).Bothenginesarecalledheatengines;theburningfuelgeneratesheatwhichcausesthegasinsidethecylindertoincreaseitspressureandsupplypowertorotateashaftconnectedtothetransmission.,.,ChassisThechassisisanassemblyofthosesystemsthatarethemajoroperatingpartsofavehicle.Thechassisincludesthepowertrain,suspension,steering,andbrakesystems.,.,BodyAnautomobilebodyisasheetmetalshellwithwindows,doors,ahood,andatrunkdeckbuiltintoit.Itprovidesaprotectivecoveringfortheengine,passengers,andcargo.Thebodyisdesignedtokeeppassengerssafeandcomfortable.,.,ElectricalEquipmentTheelectricalsystemsupplieselectricityfortheignition,horn,lights,heater,andstarter.Theelectricitylevelismaintainedbyachargingcircuit.Thiscircuitconsistsofabattery,andanalternator(orgenerator).Thebatterystoreselectricity.Thealternatorchangestheenginesmechanicalenergyintoelectricalenergyandrechargesthebattery.,.,Whichiscalledthe“heart”ofautomobile?AnenginethatisusedtosupplypowerforanautomobileWhatisthechassiscomposedof?Powertrain,suspension,steeringsystemandbrakesystem.,Questions,.,Powertrainsystem,Brakesystem,Steeringsystem,Suspensionsystem,Pre-questions,.,Whatistheelectricalsystemcomposedof?Theelectricsystemincludesthebattery,generator,startingsystem,ignitionsystem,lightingsystem,hornsystem,radioandotherdevices.,Pre-questions,.,Whatarethefunctionsofthefoursystems?Drivingsystemworksbytransmittingenginepowertothedrivingwheels.Suspensionsystemsfunctionistoincreasestrengthanddurabilityofcomponentsandtomeetcustomersrequirementsforridingcomfortanddrivingsafety.Steeringsystemisusedtocontrolthedrivingdirectionofanautomobile.Brakesystemisusedtoretardthemotionofthevehicle.,Questions,.,SectionCReading,Anautomobileormotorcar(usuallyshortenedtojustcar)isawheeledpassengervehiclethatcarriesitsownengineormotor.Mostdefinitionsofitspecifythatautomobilesaredesignedtorunonroads,tohaveseatingforonetoeightpeople,totypicallyhavefourwheels,andtobeconstructedforthetransportofpeopleorgoods.However,thedefinitionisnotprecisebecausetherearemanytypesofvehiclesthatdosimilartasks.,.,Inotherwords,anyautomobileiscomposedofthesectionssuchasengine,chassis,bodyandelectricsystem.Inotherwords换句话说becomposedof由.组成译文：换句话说，任何一辆汽车都是由发动机、底盘、车身和电器设备组成的。,II.TextExplanation,.,InotherwordsInotherwords,theyremainrelativelyconstantorstatic.换句话说，它们相对的稳定、静止。Inotherwords,wehaveadheredtoscientificsocialism.也就是说，我们坚持了科学社会主义。becomposedofNavymustbecomposedofsurfaceshipunitandsubmarineunit.海军一定是由水面舰艇部队和潜艇部队组成。,II.TextExplanation,.,III.Exercises,TranslatethefollowingexpressionsintoChinese.chassisdrivingsysteminternalcombustionenginesteeringsystembrakingsystempropellershaftGeneratorTransmissionIgnitioncoilSuspensionEngineComponentStoragebattery,底盘传动系统内燃机转向系统制动系统传动轴发电机变速器点火线圈悬挂发动机零件蓄电池,.,IdentifytheEnglishnamesofchassisaccordingtothepicture.,III.Exercises,engine;clutch(离合器）;transmission;propellershaft;differential（差速器）;rearaxle（后轴）,.,I.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.Ineffect,thedrivingsystemworksbytransmittingenginepowertothedrivingwheels.实际上，传动系统的作用是将发动机的动力传递到驱动车轮。Theelectricsystemsupplieslightinganddrivingpowerfortheautomobile.电气系统可为汽车提供照明和驱动的电力。Thebodystylingprovidesanattractive,colorful,modernappearanceforthevehicle