英语人教版八年级下册Unit 7 Grammar focus.docx

Unit7 Whats the highest mountain in the world? Grammar focusTeaching aims:1. Key sentences: Whats the highest mountain in the world? Qomolangma. How high is Qomolangma? Its 8,844.43 meters high. Its higher than any other mountain. Which is the deepest salt lake in the world? The Caspian Sea is the deepest of all the salt lakes. Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world? Yes, I did. Its much older than the US2.重点语法形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法【要点探究】 1.英语形容词，副词比较等级有三个：原级，比较级和最高级。 形容词比较等级形式变化有 规则的和不规则的两种。 规则变化 (1)单音节词末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级） 【例】 原级 比较级 最高级 great greater greatest small smaller smallest quiet quieter quietest(2)单音节如以e结尾，只加-r（比较级），-st（最高级） 【例】 fine finer finest nice nicer nicest wide wider widest (3)闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，（辅音元音辅音【w,r除外】）须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er（比较级），-est（最高级） 【简记：大红辣椒潮湿瘦变胖】big bigger biggest hot hotter hottest red redder reddest fat fatter fattest thin thinner thinnest wet wetter wettest （4）辅音字母加y结尾的词，则变y为-i，再加-er和-est。 【例】 easy easier easiest healthy healthier healthiest sunny sunnier sunniest （5）其它双音节和多音节词皆在前面加单词more和most。 【例】 delicious more delicious most delicious carefully more carefully most carefully注意：tired more tired most tired（6）不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good/ well better best， bad worse worst， many/ much more most little less least ， far farther/further farthest/furthest 注：有些形容词一般没有比较等级。如： right, wrong, woolen等。 2.形容词的比较等级的用法：比较级用于二者的比较，并且用于同类事物之间的比较，不同事物之间不可以比较。最高级用于三者或三者以上比较。（1）用于两者比较，表示“比更”“A+系动词+形容词比较级+than+B” Tony is older than Mike. Tony 比Mike年纪大。He looks healthier than his friend. 他比他的朋友更健康。“A+谓语动词+副词比较级+than+B”He runs faster than Li Ping. 他比李平跑得快。She sings better than Kate. 她比Kate唱歌唱得好。(2)三者或三者以上比较，表示“最”，A+系动词+the+形容词最高级+of短语/in短语He is the tallest of the three. 他是这三个人中最高的。She is the funniest in her class. 她是她们班最有趣的。A+谓语动词+（the）+最高级+of短语/in短语The station chooses the songs most carefully. 这个电台选择歌曲最细心。A+ be + one of the+最高级+名词复数China is one of the oldest countries in the world.中国是世界上最古老的国家之一（3）其他用法及讲解：形容词、副词比较级前可以用表示程度的词来修饰如：a little, a lot，much ,even ,a bit, far, still ，by far等词You look a little thinner than last year. 你看起来去年瘦了一点。The box is much bigger than that one. 这个盒子比那个大得多。The matter gets even worse. 事情变得更糟糕了。表示“两个中比较”的，用“the比较级of the two”.例：The girl is the taller of the two.这个女孩是两个(人)中较高的一个。The blue sweater is the cheaper of the two.这件蓝色的毛衣是两个中比较便宜的。表示“大几岁”“长几米”“高多少”“年轻多少”“多少倍”等，用“数量比较级+than”，如：I am two years older than my sister.我比我的妹妹大两岁。The river is ten kilometers longer than that one.这条河比那条河长十米。The mountain is six meters higher than that one.这座山比那座山高十米。The box is twice bigger than that one.这个盒子比那个大两倍。比较级+and+比较级 或 more and more +原级（多音节），表示“越来越”指事物本身程度的逐渐增长。如：Summer is coming, it gets hotter and hotter.夏天将要来临，天变得越来越热。Our town is getting more and more beautiful.我们的小镇变得越来越美丽。The story is more and more interesting.故事越来越有趣了。“the + 比较级，the +比较级”表示：“越，越”用来表示一方的程度随着另一方的程度平行变化。如：The more he eats, the fatter he gets.他吃得越多，他就变得越胖。The better you do, the more you will get.你做得越好，你得到的越多。在含有or的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较级形式。如：Who is taller, Tim or Tom?Tim还是Tom, 谁更高?Which one is better this one or that one?哪一个更好，这个还是那个?同一类人或事物在某一范围内进行比较时，常用“比较级+than any other+名词单数”，如：Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.在中国，上海比其他城市都大。（上海市中国最大的城市。）Tony is taller than any other student in our class.Tony 是我们班最高的学生。（4）原级比较同一级别的比较，一般用“as+形容词/副词原级+as”,表示“和一样”，如:Mr Green is as healthy as Mrs Green.格林先生和格林太太一样健康。He is as tall as me.他和我一样高。注：“not as +形容词/副词原级+ as”意为“不如”或“not soas”He does not run as fast as his brother.他跑得不如他的哥哥快。Tom is not so funny as Mike.Tom 不如Mike 幽默有趣。【精题演练】 1. My brother is _ more outgoing than me. A. many B. little C. much2. October 12th was one of _ days in 2005. Shenzhou-VI was launched (发射） successfully. A. exciting B. more exciting C. the most exciting3. Which city is _, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou? A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. the most beautiful4. _ children there are in a family, _ their life will be. A. The less, the better B. Fewer, richer C. The fewer, the better5. Mobile phones are very popular now and they are _ than before. A. cheap B. cheaper C. the cheapest6. In our city, its _ in July, but its even _ in August. A. hotter, hottest B. hot, hot C. hot, hotter Blackboard Design Unit7 Whats the highest