汽车专业英语课件-1cha

,汽车专业英语AUTOMOTIVEENGINEERINGENGLISH（车辆工程/交通运输/汽车服务工程）授课人：,课程介绍课程属性学科选修课课时36学时课程内容汽车基础（结构原理）、诊断修理、营销服务、汽车设计制造学习目的1.打好基础：首先掌握必要词汇，熟悉并巩固语法与专业知识，开阔眼界；学好本门课程，对考研亦有一定的帮助2.掌握翻译技巧，提高翻译水平，较熟练笔译专业资料，解决生产实际中的问题3.阅读本专业领域的国外资料，了解和掌握汽车的发展动态和前沿技术，以及汽车设计制造新技术/维修技术/销售服务（任一方向），为研究和创新奠定基础学习方法认真听讲，做好记录，大胆实践参考教材：汽车专业英语，宋进桂，机械工业出版社,AUTOMOTIVEENGINEERINGENGLISH,Foreword,STRUCTUREoftheAUTOMOTIVEENGINEERINGENGLISH,课程结构,本章学习内容,Chapter1GeneralInformation本章学习内容、目标和重点难点,本章学习目标,本章难点重点,1.BasicPartsofAutomobile1.ClassificationofAutomobile,1.掌握汽车组成、主要系统部件的英文名称2.掌握汽车的分类3.了解各个系统的主要组成和功能,1.重点为记忆英文专业术语2.难点需要记忆的生词偏多3.汉译准确表达也是难点,1.1.1NewWordsandPhrases,Chapter1GeneralInformation1.1BasicPartsofAutomobile,Chapter1GeneralInformation1.1BasicPartsofAutomobile,Chapter1GeneralInformation1.1BasicPartsofAutomobile,Chapter1GeneralInformation1.1BasicPartsofAutomobile,Chapter1GeneralInformation1.1BasicPartsofAutomobile,Todaysaveragecarcontainsmorethan15,000separate,individualpartsthatmustworktogether.Thesepartscanbegroupedintofourmajorcategories:engine,body,chassisandelectricalequipments，seeFig.1-1.,Fig.1-1basicpartsofacar,Chapter1GeneralInformation1.1BasicPartsofAutomobile,1.1.2Text,Theengineactsasthepowerunit.Therearetwotypesofengine:gasolineengine(alsocalledaspark-ignitionengine)anddieselengine(alsocalledacompression-ignitionengine).Allengineshavefuel,exhaust,cooling,andlubricationsystems.Gasolineenginesalsohaveanignitionsystem.Theignitionsystemsuppliestheelectricsparkneededtoignitetheair-fuelmixtureinthecylinders.Thefuelsystemstoresliquidfuelanddeliversittotheengine.Thefuelismixedwithairtoformacombustiblemixtureinthecarburetor,themanifold,orthecylindersthemselves.Thecoolingsystemremovesexcessiveheatfromtheengine.Airandacoolantareusedtocarryawaytheheat.Thelubricationsystemisimportantinkeepingtheenginerunningsmoothly.Motoroilisthelubricantusedinthesystem.,Chapter1GeneralInformation1.1BasicPartsofAutomobile,1.Engine,Anautomobilebody(Fig.1-2)providesaprotectivecoveringfortheengine,passengers,andcargo.Thebodyisdesignedtokeeppassengerssafeandcomfortable.Thebodystylingprovidesanattractive,colorful,modernappearanceforthevehicle.Itisstreamlinedtolessenwindresistanceandtokeepthecarfromswayingatthedrivingspeeds.,Chapter1GeneralInformation1.1BasicPartsofAutomobile,2.Body,Fig.1-2Anautomobilebody,3.Chassis,Thechassisincludesthepowertrain,suspension,steering,andbrakesystems.Thepowertrainsystemcomprisesclutch,transmission,propellershaft,rearaxleanddifferentialandthedrivingroadwheels.Theclutchortorqueconverterhasthetaskofdisconnectingandconnectingtheenginespowerfromandtothedrivingwheelsofthevehicle.Themainpurposeofthetransmissionorgearboxistoprovideaselectionofgearratiosbetweentheengineanddrivingwheels,sothatthevehiclecanoperatesatisfactorilyunderalldrivingconditions.Gearselectionmaybedonemanuallybythedriverorautomaticallybyahydrauliccontrolsystem.,Chapter1GeneralInformation1.1BasicPartsofAutomobile,要点分析：drivingwheels参考译文：驱动轮从动轮是什么？是Drivenwheels!Drivenwheels还有“驱动轮”（被发动机驱动）的意思。只有联系上下文确定其具体指什么。,知识拓展,Thefunctionofthepropeller(drive)shaftistotransmitthedrivefromthegearboxtotheinputshaftoftherearaxleanddifferentialassembly.Flexiblejointsallowtherearaxleandwheelstomoveupanddownwithoutaffectingoperation.Therearaxleanddifferentialunittransmitstheenginesrotationalpowerthrough90frompropellershafttoaxleshafttoroadwheels.Afurtherfunctionistoalloweachdrivingwheeltoturnatadifferentspeedwhencornering.Athirdfunctionistointroduceanothergearratiofortorquemultiplication.,Chapter1GeneralInformation1.1BasicPartsofAutomobile,Thebasicjobofthesuspensionsystemistoabsorbtheshockscausedbyirregularroadsurfacesthatwouldotherwisebetransmittedtothevehicleanditsoccupants,thushelpingtokeepthevehicleonacontrolledandlevelcourse,regardlessofroadconditions.,Chapter1GeneralInformation1.1BasicPartsofAutomobile,Thebasicjobofthesuspensionsystemistoabsorbtheshockscausedbyirregularroadsurfacesthatwouldotherwisebetransmittedtothevehicleanditsoccupants,thushelpingtokeepthevehicleonacontrolledandlevelcourse,regardlessofroadconditions.难点提示：1）thatwouldotherwisebetransmittedtothevehicleanditsoccupants是shocks的定语从句；2）thushelping现在分词短语作主句的状语，并非定语从句的构成部分；3）tokeepthevehicleonacontrolledandlevelcourse不定式短语的含义是“使汽车保持在可以控制的、笔直的行驶路线上。”参考译文：悬架系统的基本作用是吸收路面不平引起的冲击和振动，使其不会传递给车辆和乘员，这样，不管路况如何，都能使车辆具有可控制的、笔直的行驶路线。,难点分析,Thesteeringsystemprovidesthemeansbywhichthefrontwheelsaredirectionallyturned.Thesteeringsystemmaybepowerassistedtoreducetheeffortrequiredtoturnthesteeringwheelandmakethevehicleeasiertomanoeuvre.,Chapter1GeneralInformation1.1BasicPartsofAutomobile,Thebrakingsystemonavehiclehasthreemainfunctions.Itmustbeabletoreducethespeedofthevehicle,whennecessary;itmustbeabletostopthecarinasshortadistanceaspossible;itmustbeabletoholdthevehiclestationary.Eachwheelhasabrakeassembly,ofeitherthedrumtypeorthedisctype,hydraulicallyoperatedwhenthedriverappliesthefootbrakepedal.,Chapter1GeneralInformation1.1BasicPartsofAutomobile,4.ElectricalEquipment,Theelectricalsystemsupplieselectricityfortheignition,horn,lights,heater,andstarter.Theelectricitylevelismaintainedbyachargingcircuit.Thiscircuitconsistsofabattery,andanalternator(orgenerator).Thebatterystoreselectricity.Thealternatorchangestheenginesmechanicalenergyintoelectricalenergyandrechargesthebattery.,Chapter1GeneralInformation1.1BasicPartsofAutomobile,Chapter1GeneralInformation1.2ClassificationofAutomobile,1.2.1NewWordsandPhrases,Chapter1GeneralInformation1.2ClassificationofAutomobile,Chapter1GeneralInformation1.2ClassificationofAutomobile,Motorvehiclescanbeclassifieddependingonthefollowingfeatures:Usesofvehicle.Motorvehiclescanbedividedintopassengercarsandcommercialvehicles.Passengercarsareprimarilyintendedforuseintransportingpeople,aswellastheirluggageandothersmallcargo.Thenumberofseats,includingthatofthedriver,isrestrictedtonine.Commercialvehiclesaredesignedtotransportpeopleandcargoandforpullingtrailers,seeFig.1-3.,1.1.2Text,Apassengercarsorcommercialvehicle?判断是乘用车还是商用车？SedanCoupeMPVSUVPassengervehicle(numberofseatsismorethan9)PickupCrossoverGreencar（低污染或无污染汽车。不确定，但多属于乘用车，如EV、HEV）,知识拓展,Chapter1GeneralInformation1.2ClassificationofAutomobile,知识拓展,英文“货车”、“重型货车”、“轻型货车”Truck,lorry=goodscar=goodsvehicle=goods-carryingvehicleHeavy（heavyduty）truck=heavygoodsvehicleLighttruck,Chapter1GeneralInformation1.2ClassificationofAutomobile,Bodyshapes.Asedanhasanenclosedbodywithamaximumof4doorstoallowaccesstothepassengercompartment.Thedesignalsoallowsforstorageofluggageorothergoods.Asedancanalsobereferredtoasasaloonandtraditionallyhasafixedroof.Therearesoft-topversionsofthesamebodydesignexceptforhaving2doors,andthesearecommonlyreferredtoasconvertibles(Fig