英语Unit1《Festivals around the world》语法情态动词（新人教版必修3）.doc

英语：Unit1Festivals around the world语法情态动词（新人教版必修3）Modal verbs（情态动词）教师寄语：Just put one foot in front of the other and God will do the rest.may / might, can / could, will / would, shall / should, must / can的用法。1. may 与might的用法情态动词用法例句may与might表示允许、许可。否定答语一般要用mustnt，表示“禁止、阻止”之意。- May I watch TV after supper?- Yes, you may. / No, you mustnt.在表示请求、允许时, might比 may的语气更委婉一些。在日常口语中，用can征询对方意见更为常见。-Might I use your telephone?- Yes, please.- May / Can I go home now?- Yes, you may / can.表示可能性的推测，含有“或许”“大概”“可能”之意，用might代替may时，则语气显得更加不肯定。What he said may be true.She may come tomorrow.He might have some fever.2. can与could的用法情态动词用法例句 can与could表示能力Some of us can use the computer now, but we couldnt last year.表示客观的可能性It will be sunny in the daytime, but it could rain later on this evening.表示请求和允许- Can I go now?- Yes, you can. 表示请求,口语中常用could代替can,使语气更加婉转Could you wait a few day for the money?Could you please show me the way to the station?表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度（主要用于否定句、疑问句和惊叹句中）Can this news be true?It cant be the headmaster. Hes gone to Beijing.How can you be so foolish!3. will与would的用法情态动词用法例句 will与would用于表示意志或意愿。Will指现在，would指过去I will never do that again.They said that they would help us. 表示请求、建议等，用would比用 will委婉、客气些Will you please take a message for me?Would you please pass him the book?表示习惯性动作，译为“总是”“惯于”。Will指现在，would指过去Fish will die without water.Every evening, she would sit by the window, deep in thought. 表示预料或猜想It would be about ten when he left home. I thought he would have told you about that. 用于否定句中，表示“不肯”“不乐意”No matter what I said, he wouldnt listen to me.4.shall与should的用法情态动词用法例句shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见What shall we do next?Shall I do the washing-up?When shall my brother be able to leave hospital?用于第二、第三人称的陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁You shall go with me. ( 命令)You shall have a new dress for your birthday.（允诺）He shall be punished.（威胁）should表示劝告或建议，作“应该”讲We should be strict with ourselves.You should keep your promise. 表示推测，作“可能”、“该”讲The roads should be less crowded today. I should have finished reading it by Friday.Why / how + should结构表示说话人对谋事不能理解、感到惊异等意思，译为“竟会”Why should you be so late today?（你今天怎么来的这么晚？）I dont know why you should think that I did it.（我真不明白你凭什么认为这件事是我干的。）5. must, may (might) 和can表示“推测”的用法情态动词用法例句must只能用于肯定句，表示可能性很大的一种推测，作“肯定”“一定”讲(1)- Look, someone is coming. Who can it be? - It may be the headmaster. -It cant be him. He has gone to Shanghai. - Then it must be Mr Zhang. He looks like the headmaster.(2)- What can they be talking about? - They may / must be talking about the question raised at the meeting.(3) - Can they have finished the work? - Yes, they may / must have finished it. - No, they cant have finished the work so soon. - Then they must have played so much. May /might用于肯定句中（可能，或许，大概）；用于否定句中（可能不）。表示可能性较小的一种推测can表示推测时，只用于否定句和疑问句中跟踪练习I. 单项填空：1. Write in simple English in order that everybody _ understand you. A. may B. must C. should D. will2. You _ miss the lecture, though you _ have it.A. mustnt; neednt B. neednt; mustnt C. mustnt; mustnt D. cant; neednt3. - Better not have the operation right now.- _.A. I mustnt B. I shouldnt C. I wont D. I cant4. The train was ten minutes late, so I _ have run all the way from my house to the station.A. couldnt B. shouldnt C. neednt D. mustnt5. Im not going simply because I dont see why I _. A. will B. would C. should D. shall6. - It must be Mr. Li who did it. - No, it _ be Mr. Li.A. mustnt B. cant C. wouldnt D. may7. - Its getting cloudier and cloudier. - Yes, Im afraid it _ be raining soon. A. must B. should C. might D. can8. I promised to get there before 5 oclock, but now the rain is pouring down. They _ for me impatiently. A. mat wait B. ought to wait C. could wait D. must be waiting9. - _ you make so much noise?- Sorry, Ill take care not to.A. Must; B. Can C. May D. Would10. On Sundays when I was a child, Father and I _ get up early and go fishing.A. could B. would C. might D. should11. I _ have written to him because he phoned me shortly afterwards. A. ought to B. must C. couldnt D. neednt12. - _ the plane have taken off on time?- Im afraid not. The fog was too thick then. A. Need B. Should C. Can D. Must13. This looks like a different kind of stone. What _ we do with it?A. will B. shall C. would D. do14. He has much money at the beginning of every month, but by the end of it he _ little left.A. can have B. will have C. should have D. need have15. How _ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have finished only part of the article?A. must B. need C. may D. canII. 用适当的情态动词填空：1. There is 20 minutes left. We _ (not) have to be in such a hurry. 2. Where is my watch? I really cant find it. Where _ it be?3. The doctor told the old man that he _ avoid