英语四级翻译-----热点词汇翻译.docx

专题一中国节日及相关表达1.春节theSpringFestival/ChineselunarNearYear农历正月初一thefirstdayofthefirstlunarmonth农历lunarcalendar年终大扫除year-endhouseholdcleaning春联SpringFestivalcouplets年画NewYearpictures剪纸paper-cuts团圆饭familyreuniondinner饺子dumplings春晚SpringFestivalGala守岁stayuplateontheNewYearsEve除夕EveofChineseNewYear辞旧迎新ringouttheoldyearandringinthenew拜年payaNewYearvisit红包redpackets压岁钱luckymoney放爆竹letofffirecrackers庙会templefair禁忌taboo2.元宵节LanternFestival农历正月十五15thdayofthefirstlunarmonth元宵ricedumplings花灯festivallantern灯谜lanternriddle灯会exhibitoflanterns烟花fireworks3.端午节DragonBoatFestival农历五月初五5thofthefifthlunarmonth粽子traditional Chinese rice-pudding糯米stickyrice粽叶bambooleaves舞龙dragondance舞狮liondance踩高跷stiltwalking赛龙舟dragon-boatracing纪念inmemoryof屈原Qu Yuan诗人poet忠臣loyalminister4.清明节Tomb-sweepingDay寒食节ColdFoodFestival祭拜祖先offersacrificestoonesancestors踏青goforaspringouting5.中秋节Mid-AutumnDay/MoonFestival农历八月十五15thoftheeighthlunarmonth月饼mooncake赏月appreciatethegloriousfullmoon中国神话故事Chinesemythology嫦娥the goddess of the moon后羿Houyi长生不老beimmortal6.重阳节DoubleNinthDay赏菊admirethebeautyofchrysanthemum登高climbaheight7.七夕节DoubleSeventhDay/ChineseValentinesDay银河theMilkyWay鹊桥bridgeofmagpies牛郎Cowherd织女theWeavingMaid王母娘娘theQueenofHeaven乞巧praying-for-cleverness女红needlework专题二中国文化及相关表达1.中国文化四大发明thefourgreatinventionsofancientChina火药gunpowder印刷术printing造纸术paper-making指南针thecompass文房四宝”FourTreasuresoftheStudy笔writingbrush墨inkstick纸paper砚inkslab书法calligraphy中国画traditionalChinesepainting水墨画Chinesebrushpainting雕刻sculpture泥人clayfigure武术martialarts京剧Pekingopera昆曲Kunquopera相声crosstalk中药traditionalChinesemedicine中国结Chineseknot唐装Tangsuit四合院courtyardhouse红茶blacktea绿茶greentea火锅hotpot2.中国文学四大名著fourmajorclassicalnovels三国演义TheRomanceofThreeKingdoms红楼梦DreamoftheRedMansions水浒传OutlawoftheMarshes西游记JourneytotheWest四书TheFourBooks大学TheGreatLearning中庸TheDoctrineoftheMean论语AnalectsofConfucius孟子TheMencius五经TheFiveClassics诗经TheBookofSongs书经TheBookofHistory易经TheBookofChanges礼记theBookofRite春秋TheSpringandAutumnAnnals3.中国古代哲学家及相关表达哲学家philosopher孔子Confucius孟子Mencius老子LaoTzu孙子SunTzu庄子ChuangTzu儒学ConfucianSchool孔庙TempleofConfucius孙子兵法TheArtofWar4.中国历史及相关表达封建的feudal朝代dynasty春秋时期theSpringandAutumnPeriod战国时期theWarringStatesPeriod隋唐时期theSuiandTangdynasties明清时期MingandQingdynasties秦始皇theFirstEmperorofQin君主monarch皇帝emperor皇太后EmpressDowager丞相primeminister大臣minister忠臣loyalminister中华文明Chinesecivilization丝绸之路theSilkRoad西域westerncountries历史遗迹historicalsite文化遗产culturalheritage文物culturalrelics科举制imperialexaminationforrecruitingcivilservants专题三中国社会及相关表达社会篇相关表达改革开放reformandopeningup小康社会awell-to-dosociety奔小康striveforarelativelycomfortablelife人民生活peopleslivelihood生活水平livingstandards生活质量qualityoflife改善民生improvepeopleswellbeing住房条件housingconditions生活条件livingconditions共同富裕sharedprosperity社会稳定socialstability衣食住行food,clothing,shelteringandmeansoftraveling厉行节约practiceeconomy缩小收入差距narrowtheincomegap人均收入averageincomepercapita文化程度educationallevel城镇居民urbancitizen失业保障unemploymentsecurity人口问题theissueofpopulation全面发展all-rounddevelopment发达国家developedcountry发展中国家developingcountry人口老龄化populationaging养老provisionfortheaged养老保险old-ageinsurance社会保险socialinsurance计划生育familyplanning独生子女政策one-childpolicy城市人口urbanpopulation农业人口agriculturepopulation普查census社会事业socialprograms人才市场talentmarket人才交流talentexchange人才外流braindrain应届高校毕业生newcollegegraduate农民工ruralmigrantworker公务员civilservant市民citizen名人celebrity残疾人thedisabled就业率employmentrate失业率unemploymentrate出生率birthrate死亡率mortalityrate寿命lifespan贫困地区poverty-strickenregion欠发达地区underdevelopedarea摆脱贫困shakeoffpoverty生活困难bebadly-off用电量electricityconsumption森林覆盖率forestcoverage产业结构industrialstructure创历史新高anall-timehigh战略性新兴产业strategicemergingindustries基础设施infrastructure南水北调South-to-NorthWaterDiversionProject自然灾害naturaldisasters本土化localization体力劳动manuallabor可持续发展sustainabledevelopment沙尘暴sandstorm建筑灰尘constructiondust市政府themunicipalgovernment违章建筑unlicensedconstruction严厉地处罚imposetoughpunishmentson主要污染源majorsourcesofpollutants建筑灰尘constructiondust炫富showoffwealth热词hotword/buzzword品位taste大众传媒massmedia专题四中国经济相关表达经济篇相关表达国民生产总值GrossNationalProduct(GNP)国内生产总值GrossDomesticProduct(GDP)国有企业state-ownedenterprises(SOEs)社会主义市场经济socialistmarketeconomy市场经济秩序theorderofthemarketeconomy扩大内需expanddomesticdemand宏观调控macrocontrol按劳分配distributionaccordingtoonesperformance城乡居民收入incomeofurbanandruralresidents劳动力labor综合国力overallnationalstrength公有制publicownership私有制privateownership私营企业privatebusiness中小企业smallandmediumenterprises(SMEs)跨国公司multinationalcorporation网络经济Internet-basedeconomy经济规律lawofeconomy大规模生产massproduction生产力productiveforces年均增长率averagegrowthrateperannum可持续增长sustainablegrowth经济效益economicreturns经济增长economicgrowth经济波动economicfluctuation衰退recession提高经济效益enhanceeconomicperformance扭亏为盈turnaloss-makingbusinessintoaprofitableone优化经济结构optimizeeconomicstructure经济结构战略性调整strategicadjustmentoftheeconomicstructure优化消费结构optimizetheconsumptionstructure产业结构升级upgradingofanindustrialstructure产业格局industrialpattern高新技术产业highandnewtechnologyindustries经济特区specialeconomiczones繁荣与稳定prosperityandstability经济交流economicexchange利用外资utilizationofforeigncapital投资investment知识产权intellectualpropertyrights版权copyright商标trademark专利patent电子商务e-business循环经济recyclingeconomy个人所得税personalincometax税收政策taxpolicy试点工程pilotproject经济带economicbelts经济全球化economicglobalization财政和货币政策fiscalandmonetarypolicies专题五中国技相关表达科技篇相关表达科技是第一生产力scienceandtechnologyconstituteaprimaryproductiveforce科技体制改革reformofthescienceandtechnologymanagementsystem技术密集产品technology-intensiveproduct科技含量technologycontent尖端科技state-of-the-arttechnology研究开发researchanddevelopment治理污染curbtheenvironmentalpollution水循环利用工厂waterrecyclingplant核电站nuclearpowerplant非化石能源发电量electricitygeneratedfromnon-fossilenergy新粒子newparticleH7N9病毒H7N9virus应用科学appliedscience3D打印3Dprinting人造器官artificialorgan顶层设计thetoplayerdesign节能减排energyconservationandemissionreduction工业升级industrialupgrading结构性障碍structuralobstacle资源利用率resourceutilizationrate高速铁路high-speedrail科学发展观ScientificOutlookonDevelopment科技发展scientificandtechnologicaladvancement生态农业environmental-friendlyagriculture创新innovation高科技园区high-techpark国家重点实验室nationalkeylaboratory研究成果researchresult新兴学科newbranchofscience人工智能artificialintelligence信息高速公路informationsuperhighway网民netizen网上购物onlineshopping网上交易平台onlinetradingplatform“宽带中国”战略Chinasbroadbandstrategy产能productioncapacity神舟十号theShenzhou-10spacecraft嫦娥三号TheChange-3lunarlander专题六中国教育相关表达教育篇相关表达素质教育educationforall-rounddevelopment应试教育exam-orientededucation填鸭式教学crammingmethodoflearning义务教育compulsoryeducation高等教育highereducation普通高校regularinstitutionofhigherlearning就业服务和职业培训employmentservicesandvocationalskillst