零售业食品配送的现状与发展趋势 翻译封面

文献翻译（2010届本科）学院食品学院专业食品科学与工程班级XXX1班姓名XXX学号XXX指导教师XXX2010年5月SUSTAINABLEAGRIFOODSUPPLYCHAINSANDSYSTEMBYMAURIZIOMARIANIINORDERTOGOVERNGLOBALIZATION,COUNTRIESNEEDTORECONCILENATURALRESOURCEMANAGEMENTANDCONCERNFORTHEENVIRONMENTWITHTHENEEDTOHAVEMOREGROWTHANDEMPLOYMENTTHISISPARTICULARLYIMPORTANTINTHECASEOFFOODSUPPLYCHAINMANAGEMENT,ASENVIRONMENTPOLLUTIONANDCLIMATECHANGEDOTHREATENAGRICULTUREPRODUCTIVITYTHEFOODINDUSTRYISTHELEADINGMANUFACTURINGSECTORINEUROPE,INTERMSOFTURNOVER,VALUEADDED,EMPLOYMENTANDNUMBEROFCOMPANIESITSTURNOVERWAS836BILLIONEUROSIN2005ANDITEMPLOYEDNEARLYFOURMILLIONPEOPLEALTHOUGHFOODINDUSTRYHASAMAJORIMPACTONOURLIVESANDECONOMY,ITISLARGELYMADEUPOFSMALLCOMPANIESOFTHE283000FOODCOMPANIESINEUROPE,OVER99ARESMESSMALLANDMEDIUMENTERPRISESTHESESMESGENERATEALMOSTHALFOFTHEINDUSTRYSFOODANDDRINKTURNOVERANDEMPLOYOVER61OFTHEWORKFORCEBESIDESSTRONGENVIRONMENTCHALLENGES,THEFOODSECTORMUSTFACEVERYIMPORTANTCHANGESRELATEDTODEMOGRAPHICSAGEING,MIGRATIONANDALSOLIFESTYLESTHEINCREASINGCONCENTRATIONOFINDUSTRIES,INCLUDINGFOODPRODUCTION,TRANSFORMATION,DISTRIBUTIONALSOISMODIFYINGECONOMICALACTIVITIESATALOCALLEVELANDISRESPONSIBLEOFPEOPLEMIGRATIONSTOWARDSTHECITIESANDRURALAREASALIENATIONTHECHANGEOFDIETHABITSMORECALORIES,SATURATEDFATTYACIDS,LESSFIBRESETCCISRESPONSIBLEOFINCREASEDDIETRELATEDDISEASESSUCHASDIABETES,CARDIOVASCULARDISEASESETCOBESITYISCONSIDEREDBYOMSASATRUEEPIDEMYALLOVERTHEWORLD,WITHHIGHCOSTSANDLARGESCALEHEALTHPROBLEMSMOREOVERTHEEXTENSIONOFFOODSUPPLYCHAIN,INCLUDINGFISHANDSEAFOODSUPPLYCHAIN,WITHMORELOGISTICS,ENERGYCONSUMPTIONFORTRANSPORTANDRISKSFORFOODSAFETYFOODPRODUCTIONCHAINSCANBEORGANISEDINAVARIETYOFWAYSCONVENTIONALINDUSTRIALAGRICULTURALPRACTICESAREBASEDONADVANCEDBREEDINGTECHNIQUESANDMAJORINPUTSOFCHEMICALFERTILISERSANDPESTICIDESFOODPRODUCEDINTHISWAYISTRANSPORTINTENSIVE,REQUIRESHIGHENERGYPROCESSING,RELIESONMODERNRETAILINGSYSTEMSANDDEMANDSHIGHTECHKITCHENSMANYARGUETHATTHEINDUSTRIALISEDSYSTEMSSHOULDBEDISMANTLEDANDREPLACEDWITHALTERNATIVEMETHODSOFAGRICULTURE,FOODPROCESSINGANDDISTRIBUTIONTHATEMPHASISESOCIALANDENVIRONMENTALSUSTAINABILITYTHISPAPERLOOKSATTHEENVIRONMENTALANDSOCIALSUSTAINABILITYOFDIFFERENTSTRATEGIESFORFOODSYSTEMSBYANALYSINGTHEWHOLECHAINOFPRODUCTION,PROCESSING,DISTRIBUTIONANDCONSUMPTIONACTIVITIESTOFACE,INAPROACTIVEWAY,THESECHALLENGES,AREDESIGNOFTHEWHOLEFOODSUPPLYCHAINISNEEDED,TOIMPROVESUSTAINABILITYITHASTOBEUNDERSTOODIF1A1COULDLOGISTICSREPRESENTATOOLTOMODIFY,INAMORESUSTAINABLEWAY,THEINTERACTIONSBETWEENFOODPRODUCTIONANDFOODCONSUMPTION2A1COULDASHORTERFOODSUPPLYCHAINCONTRIBUTETOTHECREATIONOFNEW,HEALTHYANDSUSTAINABLECONSUMPTIONPATTERNS3A1COULDANIMPROVEDKNOWLEDGEABOUTTHERELATIONBETWEENFOODANDENVIRONMENTMODIFYFOODCONSUMPTIONHABITS,TOWARDSTHECONSUMPTIONOFLESSPROCESSEDFOODANDCHANGINGTHEPRESENTFOODPRODUCTIONTRENDSIEINCREASINGPRODUCTIONOFFUNCTIONALFOOD4A1WHICHROLECOULDORMUSTHAVEPUBLICAUTHORITIES,WHOBUYEACHDAYHUNDREDSTHOUSANDSOFMEALSFORSCHOOLCATERING,ININFLUENCINGTHEABOVEMENTIONEDCHOICESTHEFOODINDUSTRYISCOMPOSEDBYTRANSFORMATIONCOMPANIES,USINGAGRICULTURALPRODUCTSTOPRODUCEFOODANDBEVERAGES,BREEDINGANDFISHINGACTIVITIESTHETERM“FOODSUPPLYCHAIN”REFERSTOTHESTRICTCORRELATIONANDTHEFUNCTIONALLINKEXISTINGBETWEENTHEPRIMARYSECTORAGRICULTUREANDTHEINDUSTRIALONETRANSFORMATIONINDUSTRYTHISLINKDEVELOPSINADOUBLEDIRECTION,ASAGRICULTUREHASEFFECTSONFOODTRANSFORMATIONAND,VICEVERSA,THEFOODINDUSTRYHASASTRONGINFLUENCEONFOODPRODUCTIONINTHEPAST,THEAGRICULTURALCOMPONENTPREVAILEDOVERFOODINDUSTRYTODAY,INSTEAD,SEVERALFACTORSHAVEPUSHEDAGRICULTURETOWARDSTHEADAPTATIONOFTRANSFORMATIONINDUSTRYREQUIREMENTS,ASWELLASTOTHETASTESANDNEEDSOFTHEFINALCONSUMERS,TARGETOFAGGRESSIVEMARKETINGCAMPAIGNS,AIMEDONLYATINCREASINGTHEFINALPRODUCTSALESDIFFERENTCAUSESHAVECONTRIBUTEDTOTHISCHANGETHETRANSPORTCOSTSREDUCTION,EXPERIENCEDUNTILAFEWYEARSAGO,ALLOWEDAMASSIVECOMPANYDELOCALIZATIONANDANINCREASINGMARKETINTERNATIONALIZATIONTHECONSUMPTIONOFORGANICPRODUCTSINCREASED,ONONEHAND,ASWELLASFASTFOODSDIFFUSION,ONTHEOTHERALSONEWDISTRIBUTIONSYSTEMS,ESPECIALLYFORMAJORCOMPANIES,WEREDIFFUSEDTHISEVOLUTIONHASHAPPENEDREGARDLESSOFENVIRONMENTALISSUES,FOLLOWINGFORDISMIDEAS,WITHNOINTERESTSINSUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENTINTHISSITUATION,ANEWANDMORESUSTAINABLEAPPROACHTOFOODPRODUCTIONHASBEENDEVELOPINGORGANICFOODPRODUCTIONORGANICPRODUCERS,DUETOTHEIRAPPROACHANDORGANIZATION,HAVEBOTHASOCIALANDENVIRONMENTALROLEOFCRUCIALIMPORTANCE,BECAUSE1A1THEYOBTAINHEALTHYANDTASTEAPPEALINGPRODUCTS,INANENVIRONMENTALFRIENDLYWAY2A1THEYPRESERVEVEGETATIONANDANIMALBIODIVERSITY,THANKSTOTHEIRECOLOGICALINFRASTRUCTURES3A1THEYPROMOTETHELANDSCAPEVALUESOFRURALAREAS4A1THEYHAVEADIRECTEFFECTINREDUCINGGREENHOUSEGASEMISSIONS,ANDINIMPROVINGCROPCAPABILITYOFCARBONSEQUESTRATION5A1THEYCOULDSUPPORTENERGYPRODUCTIONFROMRENEWABLESOURCESWATER,WIND,SUNANDNATURALGAS6A1THEYPROMOTESOCIALAGRICULTURALSYSTEMS,SUPPORTINGTHEEMPLOYMENTOFDISADVANTAGEDCATEGORIES7A1THEYAPPLYANDPROMOTECONTRACTUALRELATIONSSHAREDBYSOCIALPARTIES,ANDBASEDONETHICALANDSOCIALPRINCIPLES8A1THEYPROMOTELOCALFOOD,ANDDONTGENERATESUBSIDIZEDOVERPRODUCTION,INCREASINGDUMPINGBEHAVIOURINDEVELOPINGCOUNTRIES9A1THEYPROMOTEAFAIRANDS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